{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011809613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","title":"Dielectric permittivity of microbial suspensions at radio frequencies: a novel method for the real-time estimation of microbial biomass","display_name":"Dielectric permittivity of microbial suspensions at radio frequencies: a novel method for the real-time estimation of microbial biomass","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011809613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","mag":"2011809613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230422","display_name":"Enzyme and Microbial Technology","issn_l":"0141-0229","issn":["0141-0229","1879-0909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Enzyme and Microbial Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108687860","display_name":"Christine Harris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16038530","display_name":"Aberystwyth University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m2p889","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine M. Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000719230","display_name":"Robert W. Todd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert W. Todd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dulas Engineering, Llwyngwern Quarry, Pantperthog, Machynlleth, Powys SY20 9AZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dulas Engineering, Llwyngwern Quarry, Pantperthog, Machynlleth, Powys SY20 9AZ, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022984445","display_name":"Stephen J. Bungard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4122-0339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4122-0339"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen J. Bungard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biological Products Business, Imperial Chemical Industries Plc, PO Box 1, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 1LB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biological Products Business, Imperial Chemical Industries Plc, PO Box 1, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 1LB, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082974360","display_name":"Robert W. Lovitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5587-2776","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5587-2776"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16038530","display_name":"Aberystwyth University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m2p889","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert W. Lovitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109846529","display_name":"J. G. Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16038530","display_name":"Aberystwyth University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m2p889","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.Gareth Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077370611","display_name":"Douglas Bruce Kell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-7963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-7963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16038530","display_name":"Aberystwyth University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m2p889","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Douglas B. Kell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, SY23 3DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077370611"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"],"apc_list":{"value":3700,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3700},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.7699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":268,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98479954,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"181","last_page":"186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10864","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric-constant","display_name":"dielectric constant","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-suspensions","display_name":"microbial suspensions","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-biomass-estimation","display_name":"microbial biomass estimation","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-monitoring","display_name":"real-time monitoring","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fermentation","display_name":"fermentation","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-volume-fraction","display_name":"particle volume fraction","score":0.6349999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.7000073790550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.5272958278656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5076459646224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24245907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498957","display_name":"Particulates","level":2,"score":0.49052613973617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4875876307487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.4580094516277313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4070127308368683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3780437409877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3339865207672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.17564254999160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.13851961493492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.12652090191841125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.118414968252182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11219403147697449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.10245725512504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(87)90075-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230422","display_name":"Enzyme and Microbial Technology","issn_l":"0141-0229","issn":["0141-0229","1879-0909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Enzyme and Microbial Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W227436757","https://openalex.org/W242311446","https://openalex.org/W574059867","https://openalex.org/W612121204","https://openalex.org/W1550427360","https://openalex.org/W1970532719","https://openalex.org/W1985832079","https://openalex.org/W1986741720","https://openalex.org/W1990458033","https://openalex.org/W1991201536","https://openalex.org/W1992666356","https://openalex.org/W1992741171","https://openalex.org/W1999920063","https://openalex.org/W2026039351","https://openalex.org/W2029812891","https://openalex.org/W2035424260","https://openalex.org/W2037278489","https://openalex.org/W2037398359","https://openalex.org/W2043391699","https://openalex.org/W2058534478","https://openalex.org/W2069821109","https://openalex.org/W2076752862","https://openalex.org/W2077110701","https://openalex.org/W2104625928","https://openalex.org/W2127631042","https://openalex.org/W2154727121","https://openalex.org/W2166258348","https://openalex.org/W2213276966","https://openalex.org/W2320524918","https://openalex.org/W2565340417","https://openalex.org/W2598231312","https://openalex.org/W2616619400","https://openalex.org/W2779685662","https://openalex.org/W4231698181","https://openalex.org/W4236201147","https://openalex.org/W4240556771","https://openalex.org/W4253467056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099186076","https://openalex.org/W2393640272","https://openalex.org/W2050181869","https://openalex.org/W2068145325","https://openalex.org/W2028438089","https://openalex.org/W4232112816","https://openalex.org/W4378173203","https://openalex.org/W2956489072","https://openalex.org/W2531711740","https://openalex.org/W2413966461"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
