{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011704466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","title":"RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE","display_name":"RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011704466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","mag":"2011704466","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8637301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33396077","display_name":"Medical Clinics of North America","issn_l":"0025-7125","issn":["0025-7125","1557-9859"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Clinics of North America","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035524361","display_name":"Edwin K. Silverman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-3822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-3822"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edwin K. Silverman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","Charming Laboratory (EKS, FES) and the Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (EKS)","Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School","the Department of Environmental Science, Harvard School of Public Health (FES), Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charming Laboratory (EKS, FES) and the Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (EKS)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Environmental Science, Harvard School of Public Health (FES), Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108396352","display_name":"Frank E. Speizer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank E. Speizer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charming Laboratory (EKS, FES) and the Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (EKS)","Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Environmental Science, Harvard School of Public Health (FES), Boston, Massachusetts","Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School","the Department of Environmental Science, Harvard School of Public Health (FES), Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charming Laboratory (EKS, FES) and the Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (EKS)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Environmental Science, Harvard School of Public Health (FES), Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Environmental Science, Harvard School of Public Health (FES), Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":138,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93247655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"80","issue":"3","first_page":"501","last_page":"522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoking","display_name":"cigarette smoking","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollution","display_name":"air pollution","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-smoking","display_name":"passive smoking","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-respiratory-infection","display_name":"pediatric respiratory infection","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diet","display_name":"diet","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airway-hyperresponsiveness","display_name":"airway hyperresponsiveness","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fev1-decline","display_name":"FEV1 decline","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency","display_name":"alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-risk-factors","display_name":"genetic risk factors","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copd-pathogenesis","display_name":"COPD pathogenesis","score":0.8519999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9639801979064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.6144373416900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.5397400259971619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.521674394607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.49575337767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.45728394389152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780664938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1398178","display_name":"Wound dehiscence","level":2,"score":0.44835716485977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.4421965777873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778336525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708178","display_name":"Arthroplasty","level":2,"score":0.41400063037872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.40096375346183777}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000397","descriptor_name":"Air Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004391","descriptor_name":"Dust","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012141","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Tract Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014028","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Smoke Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016273","descriptor_name":"Occupational Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016535","descriptor_name":"Bronchial Hyperreactivity","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019896","descriptor_name":"alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70451-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33396077","display_name":"Medical Clinics of North America","issn_l":"0025-7125","issn":["0025-7125","1557-9859"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Clinics of North America","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8637301","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8637301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Medical clinics of North America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1026247591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"M01 RR  02635","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4167249614","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"M01RR002635","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22038449","https://openalex.org/W58518567","https://openalex.org/W244565601","https://openalex.org/W1499854794","https://openalex.org/W1511065510","https://openalex.org/W1531716230","https://openalex.org/W1588925236","https://openalex.org/W1692131819","https://openalex.org/W1726788034","https://openalex.org/W1749021515","https://openalex.org/W1903510379","https://openalex.org/W1912643199","https://openalex.org/W1915423072","https://openalex.org/W1951714335","https://openalex.org/W1973546492","https://openalex.org/W1981381142","https://openalex.org/W1982696431","https://openalex.org/W1986800796","https://openalex.org/W1988476248","https://openalex.org/W1992420852","https://openalex.org/W1992697132","https://openalex.org/W1995154785","https://openalex.org/W1995674908","https://openalex.org/W1997631109","https://openalex.org/W1998900186","https://openalex.org/W1999226863","https://openalex.org/W2003086524","https://openalex.org/W2012219485","https://openalex.org/W2012772633","https://openalex.org/W2013911556","https://openalex.org/W2023178118","https://openalex.org/W2023822848","https://openalex.org/W2026163003","https://openalex.org/W2028492088","https://openalex.org/W2032703463","https://openalex.org/W2043657101","https://openalex.org/W2044442213","https://openalex.org/W2045910931","https://openalex.org/W2048699350","https://openalex.org/W2052058534","https://openalex.org/W2064985248","https://openalex.org/W2068504402","https://openalex.org/W2071037683","https://openalex.org/W2071493384","https://openalex.org/W2071783903","https://openalex.org/W2075580235","https://openalex.org/W2079330967","https://openalex.org/W2080529843","https://openalex.org/W2086241735","https://openalex.org/W2087816015","https://openalex.org/W2091361930","https://openalex.org/W2091902618","https://openalex.org/W2098433855","https://openalex.org/W2099100865","https://openalex.org/W2102468025","https://openalex.org/W2104376070","https://openalex.org/W2107873069","https://openalex.org/W2125122787","https://openalex.org/W2126833964","https://openalex.org/W2127366639","https://openalex.org/W2127987177","https://openalex.org/W2132869277","https://openalex.org/W2134279226","https://openalex.org/W2138312725","https://openalex.org/W2142846533","https://openalex.org/W2144311171","https://openalex.org/W2168082786","https://openalex.org/W2175026720","https://openalex.org/W2185327857","https://openalex.org/W2317319495","https://openalex.org/W2333081132","https://openalex.org/W2334463924","https://openalex.org/W2398610047","https://openalex.org/W2408178740","https://openalex.org/W2409199692","https://openalex.org/W2411532289","https://openalex.org/W2580858241","https://openalex.org/W2887807964","https://openalex.org/W3202439273","https://openalex.org/W3215119582","https://openalex.org/W4236639597","https://openalex.org/W6685470765","https://openalex.org/W6778663546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121001493","https://openalex.org/W162538745","https://openalex.org/W2136923459","https://openalex.org/W2049315063","https://openalex.org/W2339424237","https://openalex.org/W2037738804","https://openalex.org/W2021555652","https://openalex.org/W4233721828","https://openalex.org/W1544705648","https://openalex.org/W2042099890"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
