{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011661163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","title":"The Interaction of Bilirubin with Human Serum Albumin","display_name":"The Interaction of Bilirubin with Human Serum Albumin","publication_year":1973,"publication_date":"1973-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011661163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","mag":"2011661163","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4693841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214924","display_name":"European Journal of Biochemistry","issn_l":"0014-2956","issn":["0014-2956","0945-5795","1432-1033"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-100"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Biochemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110171722","display_name":"G. H. Beaven","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285715","display_name":"National Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00146rb91","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801081054","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4405285715","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilbert H. Beaven","raw_affiliation_strings":["M.R.C. National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, Great Britain, NW7 1AA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M.R.C. National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, Great Britain, NW7 1AA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285715"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081964339","display_name":"Anne d\u2019Albis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne D'Albis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d'Enzymologie du C.N.R.S., F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Enzymologie du C.N.R.S., F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108404214","display_name":"Walter B. Gratzer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter B. Gratzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["M.R.C. Biophysics Research Unit, King's College, 26\u201329 Drury Lane, London, Great Britain, WC2R 2LS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M.R.C. Biophysics Research Unit, King's College, 26\u201329 Drury Lane, London, Great Britain, WC2R 2LS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1936,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":129,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92549357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"3","first_page":"500","last_page":"509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11908","display_name":"Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11908","display_name":"Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12068","display_name":"Neonatal Health and Biochemistry","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilirubin","display_name":"bilirubin","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-serum-albumin","display_name":"human serum albumin","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-ligand-binding","display_name":"protein-ligand binding","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binding-sites","display_name":"binding sites","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binding-constant","display_name":"binding constant","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circular-dichroism","display_name":"circular dichroism","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-quenching","display_name":"fluorescence quenching","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-enhancement","display_name":"fluorescence enhancement","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph-dependence","display_name":"pH dependence","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-strength-effects","display_name":"ionic strength effects","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hysteresis","display_name":"hysteresis","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ligand-binding-site","display_name":"ligand binding sites","score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-self-association","display_name":"protein self-association","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binding-equilibria","display_name":"binding equilibria","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilirubin-transport","display_name":"bilirubin transport","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7939696907997131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133571119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899102","display_name":"Circular dichroism","level":2,"score":0.7784528136253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777513400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104219","display_name":"Bilirubin","level":2,"score":0.7710087299346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11721976","display_name":"Human serum albumin","level":2,"score":0.5423169732093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776125364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169219","display_name":"Albumin","level":2,"score":0.5251250863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.4776783585548401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43746674060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776371256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12370","display_name":"Salt (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4207141697406769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3771243691444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.33136123418807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.284442663192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.21811571717262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06899601221084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0680357813835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.058977752923965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001663","descriptor_name":"Bilirubin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001665","descriptor_name":"Binding Sites","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001667","descriptor_name":"Binding, Competitive","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002942","descriptor_name":"Circular Dichroism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006863","descriptor_name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008433","descriptor_name":"Mathematics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009829","descriptor_name":"Oleic Acids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009905","descriptor_name":"Optical Rotatory Dispersion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009994","descriptor_name":"Osmolar Concentration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011485","descriptor_name":"Protein Binding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012709","descriptor_name":"Serum Albumin","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012965","descriptor_name":"Sodium Chloride","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013050","descriptor_name":"Spectrometry, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214924","display_name":"European Journal of Biochemistry","issn_l":"0014-2956","issn":["0014-2956","0945-5795","1432-1033"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-100"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Biochemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:4693841","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4693841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European journal of biochemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02709.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214924","display_name":"European Journal of Biochemistry","issn_l":"0014-2956","issn":["0014-2956","0945-5795","1432-1033"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-100"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Biochemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2011661163.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2011661163.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161183253","https://openalex.org/W575755546","https://openalex.org/W589178564","https://openalex.org/W1526692287","https://openalex.org/W1527496781","https://openalex.org/W1579899042","https://openalex.org/W1597548702","https://openalex.org/W1970415180","https://openalex.org/W1994015684","https://openalex.org/W2032420355","https://openalex.org/W2035833072","https://openalex.org/W2037277905","https://openalex.org/W2066170860","https://openalex.org/W2076179785","https://openalex.org/W2086451539","https://openalex.org/W2126307919","https://openalex.org/W2171369888","https://openalex.org/W2243889265","https://openalex.org/W2323482785","https://openalex.org/W2328870772","https://openalex.org/W2795799476","https://openalex.org/W3020826514","https://openalex.org/W3189074719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2415885697","https://openalex.org/W1597548702","https://openalex.org/W2017830542","https://openalex.org/W1597321121","https://openalex.org/W2023172383","https://openalex.org/W2055681231","https://openalex.org/W2234672855","https://openalex.org/W1526692287","https://openalex.org/W1985241395","https://openalex.org/W2023531479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,121,171,204,264,316,365],"interaction":[1],"of":[2,20,25,31,42,61,64,69,75,99,106,123,159,166,174,206,213,239,247,303,346,353,361,367,383,392,408],"bilirubin":[3,27,71,104,152,168,348,372,387,394],"with":[4,53,95,116,142,243,275,370],"de\u2010fatted":[5],"human":[6,384],"serum":[7,385],"albumin":[8,396],"has":[9,375],"been":[10,376],"studied":[11],"by":[12,217,227,282,332,395],"circular":[13,23,192,286],"dichroism":[14,24,193,287],"and":[15,77,164,224,235,250,355,403],"spectrofluorimetry.":[16],"From":[17,58],"the":[18,21,26,29,40,62,128,134,147,157,160,167,175,183,195,207,211,237,244,248,268,301,327,344,347,351,362,371,390,393,399,406,409,412],"dependence":[19],"induced":[22],"on":[28],"ratio":[30,105],"protein":[32,161],"to":[33,130,155,180,202,300],"bilirubin,":[34],"it":[35],"is":[36,153,162,169,241,280,329],"shown":[37,179],"that":[38,165,389],"in":[39,146,298,411],"presence":[41,212],"salt":[43,87,276],"(0.5":[44],"M":[45],"sodium":[46],"chloride)":[47],"there":[48],"are":[49,93,178,197],"two":[50,118],"binding":[51,91,119,176,363,373,391],"sites":[52,177,374],"markedly":[54],"different":[55],"optical":[56,208],"characteristics.":[57],"an":[59,255,283],"analysis":[60,360],"profiles":[63,92],"ellipticity":[65,100,290],"as":[66],"a":[67,96,102,124,214,218,228,272],"function":[68],"protein:":[70,103],"ratio,":[72],"association":[73,143],"constants":[74,144],"7":[76],"0.3":[78],"\u03bcM\u22121":[79],"at":[80,101,138,220,231,260,266,307,334,337,359,398],"pH":[81,222,233,258,262,265,335,404],"8.5":[82],"were":[83],"derived.":[84],"At":[85],"low":[86,338],"concentrations":[88],"qualitatively":[89],"similar":[90],"obtained":[94,324],"marked":[97],"maximum":[98],"about":[107,232,261],"1.":[108],"These":[109],"cannot":[110],"however":[111],"be":[112,131,181],"adequately":[113],"accounted":[114],"for":[115],"only":[117,253,325],"sites.":[120],"addition":[122],"third":[125],"site":[126],"allows":[127],"data":[129],"fitted":[132],"over":[133],"entire":[135],"concentration":[136],"range":[137,148],"all":[139],"wavelengths":[140],"tested,":[141],"falling":[145],"10\u20130.01":[149],"\u03bcM\u22121.":[150],"When":[151],"bound":[154],"albumin,":[156],"fluorescence":[158,314],"quenched":[163],"enhanced.":[170],"Fluorescence":[172],"characteristics":[173],"different:":[182],"weaker":[184],"sites,":[185],"which":[186,240,251,267],"have":[187],"lower":[188],"fluorescence,":[189],"but":[190],"higher":[191,308],"than":[194],"stronger,":[196],"relatively":[198],"much":[199],"more":[200],"labile":[201],"salt.":[203],"pH\u2010dependence":[205],"properties":[209],"reveals":[210],"state":[215,279,407],"defined":[216],"plateau":[219,229],"between":[221],"8":[223],"9,":[225],"another":[226],"centred":[230],"6.5,":[234],"another,":[236],"appearance":[238],"associated":[242],"N\u2013F":[245],"transition":[246],"protein,":[249],"exists":[252],"within":[254],"extremely":[256,284],"narrow":[257],"range,":[259],"4.":[263],"minimum":[269],"occurs":[270],"undergoes":[271],"large":[273,285,319],"shift":[274],"concentration.":[277],"This":[278,310],"characterised":[281],"(effective":[288],"molar":[289],"\u20105":[291],"\u00d7":[292],"105":[293],"deg.":[294],"cm2\u00b7":[295],"dmol\u22121),":[296],"opposite":[297],"sign":[299],"system":[302,317],"Cotton":[304],"effects":[305],"observed":[306],"pH.":[309],"complex":[311,328],"shows":[312,318,388],"no":[313],"enhancement.":[315],"hysteresis,":[320],"satisfactory":[321],"results":[322],"being":[323],"when":[326],"first":[330],"formed":[331],"equilibration":[333],"8\u20139":[336],"ionic":[339,401],"strength.":[340],"Under":[341],"other":[342],"conditions":[343],"self\u2010association":[345],"evidently":[349],"prevents":[350],"attainment":[352],"equilibrium,":[354],"vitiates":[356],"any":[357],"attempts":[358],"equilibria.":[364],"competition":[366],"oleate":[368],"ions":[369],"studied.":[377],"Circular":[378],"dichroism,":[379],"under":[380],"physiological":[381],"conditions,":[382],"containing":[386],"alone":[397],"corresponding":[400],"strength":[402],"defines":[405],"ligand":[410],"plasma.":[413]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}