{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011122152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cce:20030403","title":"Dealing with deadtime","display_name":"Dealing with deadtime","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011122152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cce:20030403","mag":"2011122152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/cce:20030403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cce:20030403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cce:20030403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171075","display_name":"Computing & Control Engineering Journal","issn_l":"0956-3385","issn":["0956-3385","1741-0460"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Control Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072110048","display_name":"Pasi Airikka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088125","display_name":"Metso (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/008s23110","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258217","display_name":"Metso (Chile)","ror":"https://ror.org/00a8ds888","country_code":"CL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088125","https://openalex.org/I4405258217"]}],"countries":["CL","FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Airikka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Metso Autom., Tampere, , Finland","Metso Automation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metso Autom., Tampere, , Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Metso Automation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258217"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072110048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088125","https://openalex.org/I4405258217"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1865984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"16","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.4458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.4458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.39430001378059387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10046","display_name":"Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems","score":0.11909999698400497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-time","display_name":"dead time","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay","display_name":"time delay","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-time-compensation","display_name":"dead-time compensation","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability-boundaries","display_name":"stability boundaries","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system-design","display_name":"control system design","score":0.503000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.66922926902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6450201272964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5931974053382874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.523320198059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.46666139364242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41928592324256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07953241467475891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/cce:20030403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cce:20030403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cce:20030403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171075","display_name":"Computing & Control Engineering Journal","issn_l":"0956-3385","issn":["0956-3385","1741-0460"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Control Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539947828","https://openalex.org/W2290994403","https://openalex.org/W2531257156","https://openalex.org/W807428009","https://openalex.org/W2026760322","https://openalex.org/W2550997511","https://openalex.org/W339610352","https://openalex.org/W3121008165","https://openalex.org/W1487432464","https://openalex.org/W1967757143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deadtime":[0,76,98],"is":[1,22],"literally":[2],"a":[3,23,29,39,78,128],"period":[4,25],"of":[5,28,38],"time":[6,24,27,37],"when":[7,91],"nothing":[8],"happens,":[9],"no":[10],"matter":[11],"what":[12],"actions":[13],"have":[14,125],"been":[15,55],"taken.":[16],"In":[17],"control,":[18],"deadtime,":[19],"or":[20,58],"delay,":[21],"between":[26],"change":[30,40,68],"in":[31,41,72],"control":[32,52,83,93,105,118],"signal":[33,53],"(control":[34],"variable)":[35],"and":[36,60,85,104,121],"the":[42,49,51,66,73],"process":[43,74],"output.":[44,75],"The":[45],"deadtime":[46,95,112],"starts":[47],"at":[48],"moment":[50],"has":[54],"changed":[56],"(manually":[57],"automatically)":[59],"it":[61,110,122],"does":[62,123],"not":[63,124],"end":[64],"until":[65],"corresponding":[67],"can":[69,113],"be":[70,89,114,127],"seen":[71],"provides":[77],"fundamental":[79],"limitation":[80],"for":[81,94,102,130],"achievable":[82],"performance":[84],"this":[86],"needs":[87],"to":[88,126],"considered":[90],"designing":[92],"dominated":[96],"systems.":[97],"sets":[99],"limits":[100],"both":[101],"stability":[103],"performance.":[106],"Yet,":[107],"by":[108],"treating":[109],"properly,":[111],"compensated":[115],"using":[116],"appropriate":[117],"design":[119],"techniques":[120],"nuisance":[129],"profitable":[131],"control.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}