{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011064294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1577811","title":"Growth and characterization of GaN:Mn epitaxial films","display_name":"Growth and characterization of GaN:Mn epitaxial films","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011064294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1577811","mag":"2011064294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1577811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1577811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1577811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018448101","display_name":"Tobias P. Graf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-3808","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-3808"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Graf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032345901","display_name":"Mario Gjukic","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Gjukic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Hermann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Hermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101924346","display_name":"Martin S. Brandt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6741-1889","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6741-1889"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Brandt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004139860","display_name":"M. Stutzmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-3505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-3505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Stutzmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048461356","display_name":"L. G\u00f6rgens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. G\u00f6rgens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physik Department E12, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physik Department E12, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088324113","display_name":"Jan Boris Philipp","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109144446","display_name":"Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities","ror":"https://ror.org/001rdaz60","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109144446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258920","display_name":"Walther Meissner Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01dex6p39","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109144446","https://openalex.org/I4405258920"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. B. Philipp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walther-Meissner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walther-Meissner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748\u2009Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109144446","https://openalex.org/I4405258920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031355089","display_name":"O. Ambacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119449181","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Ilmenau","ror":"https://ror.org/01weqhp73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119449181"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Ambacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zentrum f\u00fcr Mikro- und Nanotechnologien, Technische Universit\u00e4t Ilmenau, 98684\u2009Ilmenau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Mikro- und Nanotechnologien, Technische Universit\u00e4t Ilmenau, 98684\u2009Ilmenau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119449181"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8184,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94081769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"93","issue":"12","first_page":"9697","last_page":"9702"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epitaxial-films","display_name":"epitaxial thin films","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manganese-oxidation-state","display_name":"manganese oxidation state","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-transfer","display_name":"charge transfer","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-absorption","display_name":"optical absorption","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-gap-states","display_name":"gap states","score":0.5230000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3792809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898542","display_name":"Molecular beam epitaxy","level":4,"score":0.6464338302612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110738630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135540","display_name":"Epitaxy","level":3,"score":0.5590476989746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5350163578987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187961010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260463","display_name":"Electron paramagnetic resonance","level":2,"score":0.5151273012161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776523803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324945","display_name":"Elastic recoil detection","level":3,"score":0.503180205821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125938697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2668132","display_name":"Magnetic semiconductor","level":3,"score":0.5030755400657654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.4620909094810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.4505144953727722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779892579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912138","display_name":"Acceptor","level":2,"score":0.44676530361175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.43707460165023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.39469048380851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.3615556061267853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.32732194662094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130571","display_name":"Doping","level":2,"score":0.30140364170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.26060715317726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2064768373966217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.11087694764137268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.08488968014717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1577811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1577811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1577811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1629080377","https://openalex.org/W1964148402","https://openalex.org/W1964547923","https://openalex.org/W1980064327","https://openalex.org/W1983381378","https://openalex.org/W1990354833","https://openalex.org/W2016774856","https://openalex.org/W2016789515","https://openalex.org/W2019547797","https://openalex.org/W2026932479","https://openalex.org/W2027449447","https://openalex.org/W2028173815","https://openalex.org/W2032261336","https://openalex.org/W2037538637","https://openalex.org/W2040757216","https://openalex.org/W2053782806","https://openalex.org/W2061935748","https://openalex.org/W2072456868","https://openalex.org/W2079996214","https://openalex.org/W2082523418","https://openalex.org/W2085197602","https://openalex.org/W2086187775","https://openalex.org/W2092543090","https://openalex.org/W2113443911","https://openalex.org/W2171878008","https://openalex.org/W2473361316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997573773","https://openalex.org/W1980064327","https://openalex.org/W122074105","https://openalex.org/W2473361316","https://openalex.org/W2052763079","https://openalex.org/W2158236407","https://openalex.org/W2052391792","https://openalex.org/W2027449447","https://openalex.org/W2358257358","https://openalex.org/W2060367600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"oxidation":[1],"states":[2],"of":[3,37,50,58,87],"Mn":[4,46,59,78],"in":[5,48,62,92],"epitaxial":[6],"GaN":[7,49],"films":[8],"grown":[9],"by":[10,18,83],"plasma":[11],"induced":[12],"molecular":[13],"beam":[14],"epitaxy":[15],"were":[16],"investigated":[17],"electron":[19],"spin":[20,41,90],"resonance":[21],"(ESR),":[22],"elastic":[23],"recoil":[24],"detection,":[25],"superconducting":[26],"quantum":[27],"interference":[28],"device":[29],"magnetization,":[30],"and":[31,106],"photothermal":[32],"deflection":[33],"spectroscopy":[34],"measurements.":[35],"Comparison":[36],"the":[38,44,56,63,77,88,99],"measured":[39],"Mn2+":[40,89],"densities":[42,91],"with":[43,71],"total":[45],"concentrations":[47],"about":[51],"1020":[52],"cm\u22123":[53],"indicates":[54],"that":[55],"majority":[57],"is":[60,81],"present":[61],"neutral":[64],"Mn3+":[65],"acceptor":[66],"state.":[67,117],"In":[68],"samples":[69],"codoped":[70],"Si,":[72],"electrons":[73],"are":[74],"transferred":[75],"to":[76,113],"acceptors,":[79],"which":[80],"observed":[82],"a":[84,114],"strong":[85],"increase":[86],"ESR.":[93],"Simultaneously,":[94],"this":[95],"charge":[96],"transfer":[97],"reduces":[98],"characteristic":[100],"optical":[101],"absorption":[102],"features":[103],"at":[104],"1.5":[105],"above":[107],"1.8":[108],"eV,":[109],"suggesting":[110],"their":[111],"assignment":[112],"Mn3+-related":[115],"gap":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
