{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010937749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","title":"Element salience as a predictor of item difficulty for Raven's Progressive Matrices","display_name":"Element salience as a predictor of item difficulty for Raven's Progressive Matrices","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010937749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","mag":"2010937749"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3225087","display_name":"Intelligence","issn_l":"0160-2896","issn":["0160-2896","1873-7935"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Maria Meo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Meo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rome, \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rome, \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077422802","display_name":"Maxwell J. Roberts","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maxwell J. Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032411210","display_name":"Francesco S. Marucci","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco S. Marucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rome, \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rome, \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077422802"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"],"apc_list":{"value":3530,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3530},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0974,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87598416,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"359","last_page":"368"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raven-s-progressive-matrices","display_name":"Raven's Progressive Matrices","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-difficulty","display_name":"item difficulty","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elemental-identification","display_name":"element identification","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory-load","display_name":"working memory load","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory-capacity","display_name":"working memory capacity","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligence-testing","display_name":"intelligence testing","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-complexity","display_name":"rule complexity","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173354102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1510887","display_name":"Raven's Progressive Matrices","level":3,"score":0.9274892807006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.8422494530677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.717200517654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.5573524236679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5158783197402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.46691277623176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44933247566223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.37980401515960693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2006.10.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3225087","display_name":"Intelligence","issn_l":"0160-2896","issn":["0160-2896","1873-7935"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/26473","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=000246534600005&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=0c7ff228ccbaaa74236f48834a34396a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.essex.ac.uk:13027","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.essex.ac.uk/13027/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401236","display_name":"Open Access at Essex (University of Essex)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","host_organization_name":"University of Essex","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21430834","https://openalex.org/W578853393","https://openalex.org/W1246950702","https://openalex.org/W1976978108","https://openalex.org/W1987117363","https://openalex.org/W2005884130","https://openalex.org/W2007618178","https://openalex.org/W2016883287","https://openalex.org/W2034084141","https://openalex.org/W2036480539","https://openalex.org/W2039298226","https://openalex.org/W2052263243","https://openalex.org/W2067737176","https://openalex.org/W2082198285","https://openalex.org/W2105464490","https://openalex.org/W2105834406","https://openalex.org/W2482739777","https://openalex.org/W4232932057"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6996412550","https://openalex.org/W2050103878","https://openalex.org/W338135576","https://openalex.org/W2061871089","https://openalex.org/W3046127348","https://openalex.org/W2283772617","https://openalex.org/W1493805856","https://openalex.org/W4241156626","https://openalex.org/W2470791402","https://openalex.org/W2087027355"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}