{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010876501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/p080609","title":"Development of the Perception of Invariants: Substance and Shape","display_name":"Development of the Perception of Invariants: Substance and Shape","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010876501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/p080609","mag":"2010876501","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/530802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1068/p080609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/p080609","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1068/p080609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58778951","display_name":"Perception","issn_l":"0301-0066","issn":["0301-0066","1468-4233"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034693290","display_name":"Eleanor J. Gibson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleanor J Gibson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054726987","display_name":"Cynthia J. Owsley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-011X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-011X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia J Owsley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065282802","display_name":"Arlene S. Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arlene Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024909200","display_name":"Jane Megaw-Nyce","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Megaw-Nyce","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Uris Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88446856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"6","first_page":"609","last_page":"619"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9312000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9312000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.03620000183582306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infant-perception","display_name":"infant perception","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-perception","display_name":"shape perception","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rigid-body-motion","display_name":"rigid body motion","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-recognition","display_name":"object recognition","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dishabituation","display_name":"dishabituation","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habituation","display_name":"habituation","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-features","display_name":"object properties","score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-visual-development","display_name":"early visual development","score":0.41600000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6301262974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5979502201080322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4739404022693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.339183509349823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.15268942713737488}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002657","descriptor_name":"Child Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002657","descriptor_name":"Child Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002657","descriptor_name":"Child Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004193","descriptor_name":"Discrimination Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004193","descriptor_name":"Discrimination Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004193","descriptor_name":"Discrimination Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006185","descriptor_name":"Habituation, Psychophysiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006185","descriptor_name":"Habituation, Psychophysiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006185","descriptor_name":"Habituation, Psychophysiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009039","descriptor_name":"Motion Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009039","descriptor_name":"Motion Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009039","descriptor_name":"Motion Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009949","descriptor_name":"Orientation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009949","descriptor_name":"Orientation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009949","descriptor_name":"Orientation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1068/p080609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/p080609","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1068/p080609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58778951","display_name":"Perception","issn_l":"0301-0066","issn":["0301-0066","1468-4233"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:530802","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/530802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perception","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975643686","https://openalex.org/W1982902432","https://openalex.org/W1989459278","https://openalex.org/W2006682599","https://openalex.org/W2015659988","https://openalex.org/W2049006783","https://openalex.org/W2058912123","https://openalex.org/W2070459927","https://openalex.org/W2099634219","https://openalex.org/W2158842564","https://openalex.org/W2496215645","https://openalex.org/W4230210808","https://openalex.org/W4250575267","https://openalex.org/W4297439914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046860322","https://openalex.org/W2030462435","https://openalex.org/W4253768359","https://openalex.org/W2119332738","https://openalex.org/W1980573335","https://openalex.org/W2083641496","https://openalex.org/W2045554991","https://openalex.org/W2095316962","https://openalex.org/W2033029480","https://openalex.org/W2079908592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three":[0],"experiments":[1],"investigated":[2],"the":[3,35,37,53,61,67,80,108,113,161],"perception":[4],"of":[5,12,34,167,173,179,198],"substance":[6,182],"and":[7,183],"shape":[8,100,109,126,130,147,157,163,174],"as":[9,73,133,175,190],"invariant":[10,76,135,191],"properties":[11,178],"objects":[13,27,38],"by":[14,154],"three-month-old":[15],"infants.":[16],"In":[17,92,141],"experiment":[18,93,142],"1,":[19],"infants":[20,95],"were":[21,39,71,96],"habituated":[22,97],"to":[23,60,98,121,145,187],"two":[24,68,102,115,138,149],"differently":[25],"shaped":[26],"undergoing":[28,41,47,52,101,148],"a":[29,42,48,85,89,122,146,155],"rigid":[30,44,55,63,69,90,104,139,150],"motion.":[31,56],"After":[32,106],"habituation":[33,144],"infants,":[36],"presented":[40,158,164],"different":[43,103],"motion,":[45,50,64],"or":[46,51,160],"deforming":[49,86],"same":[54,114,162],"Habituation":[57],"was":[58,110,152],"maintained":[59],"new":[62,156],"indicating":[65,128],"that":[66,129],"motions":[70,116,151],"perceived":[72],"sharing":[74],"an":[75,134,180,193,196,202],"property.":[77],"Dishabituation,":[78],"on":[79],"other":[81],"hand,":[82],"occurred":[83],"when":[84],"motion":[87,168],"followed":[88,153],"one.":[91],"2,":[94],"one":[99],"motions.":[105,140],"habituation,":[107],"changed":[111],"but":[112],"continued.":[117],"Dishabituation":[118],"occurred,":[119],"compared":[120],"group":[123],"with":[124],"no":[125],"change,":[127],"is":[131],"distinguished":[132],"property":[136],"over":[137],"3,":[143],"motionless,":[159],"motionless.":[165],"Cessation":[166],"did":[169],"not":[170],"prevent":[171],"recognition":[172],"invariant.":[176],"Two":[177],"object,":[181],"shape,":[184],"thus":[185],"appear":[186],"be":[188],"detectable":[189],"in":[192],"event":[194],"sequence,":[195],"instance":[197],"\"phenomenal":[199],"doubling\"":[200],"at":[201],"early":[203],"age.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
