{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010749415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41443","title":"Energy Aware Grid: Global Workload Placement Based on Energy Efficiency","display_name":"Energy Aware Grid: Global Workload Placement Based on Energy Efficiency","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010749415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41443","mag":"2010749415"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1115/imece2003-41443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606942","display_name":"ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054688680","display_name":"Chandrakant D. Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-4457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-4457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandrakant Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102736348","display_name":"Ratnesh Kumar Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9139-2120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9139-2120","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5022-0945"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ratnesh Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043000769","display_name":"Cullen E. Bash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3177-3041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3177-3041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cullen Bash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015228201","display_name":"Sven Graupner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sven Graupner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto. Ca#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8129,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76225555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"267","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.46799999475479126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.46799999475479126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14098","display_name":"Energy Efficiency in Computing","score":0.4059999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.11990000307559967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload-placement","display_name":"workload placement","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center-energy-efficiency","display_name":"data center energy efficiency","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management","display_name":"thermal management","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center-cooling","display_name":"data center cooling","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambient-temperature","display_name":"ambient temperature","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diurnal-and-seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal and diurnal variation","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-conservation","display_name":"energy conservation","score":0.5400000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.8115319609642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.693988025188446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.6023023724555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.518372118473053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70429105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249999","display_name":"Grid computing","level":3,"score":0.475324422121048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4305824637413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.25385433435440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12937229871749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12908804416656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1115/imece2003-41443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41443","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606942","display_name":"ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9853000044822693},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.46149998903274536}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055854044","https://openalex.org/W2091257550","https://openalex.org/W2109474385","https://openalex.org/W2116575712","https://openalex.org/W2131154911","https://openalex.org/W2139363301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099782277","https://openalex.org/W2768122690","https://openalex.org/W2898788345","https://openalex.org/W1582951990","https://openalex.org/W2285614574","https://openalex.org/W2053766082","https://openalex.org/W2242211489","https://openalex.org/W2125081589","https://openalex.org/W7162461268","https://openalex.org/W7097835369"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computing":[0,98],"will":[1,9,184,208],"be":[2,10,68,209],"pervasive,":[3],"and":[4,16,105,121,145,160,194,242,245,324],"enablers":[5],"of":[6,22,30,52,97,136,142,151,167,179,235,253,262,290,308,334,391],"pervasive":[7,122],"computing":[8,33,57,123,323],"data":[11,20,39,93,137,155,198,216,226,237,284,291,300,329,354,393],"centers":[12,138,156],"housing":[13,139],"computing,":[14,143],"networking":[15,144],"storage":[17,146],"hardware.":[18,147],"The":[19,95,148,221,293,346],"center":[21,217,238,285,301,330,355,394],"tomorrow":[23],"is":[24,113,231,257,302,343,359],"envisaged":[25],"as":[26,115,126,128],"one":[27],"containing":[28],"thousands":[29],"single":[31],"board":[32],"systems":[34],"deployed":[35],"in":[36,108,119,154,274,286,298,312,336,348,352,356,395],"racks.":[37],"A":[38,248],"center,":[40],"with":[41,259],"1000":[42],"racks,":[43],"over":[44],"30,000":[45],"square":[46],"feet,":[47],"would":[48,67,84],"require":[49],"10":[50],"MW":[51,66],"power":[53,55,61],"to":[54,74,265,278,304,315,367,374],"the":[56,71,76,81,116,177,212,225,236,243,267,275,280,287,349,353,370,377,384],"infrastructure.":[58,171],"At":[59,79],"this":[60,173],"dissipation,":[62],"an":[63,140,202,260],"additional":[64],"5":[65],"needed":[69],"by":[70,224],"cooling":[72,82,350],"resources":[73],"remove":[75],"dissipated":[77],"heat.":[78],"$100/MWh,":[80],"alone":[83],"cost":[85],"$4":[86],"million":[87],"per":[88],"annum":[89],"for":[90,124,251,319],"such":[91,152,168],"a":[92,133,169,186,232,254,299,328,392],"center.":[94],"concept":[96],"Grid,":[99,213],"based":[100,214,295,361],"on":[101,215,362],"coordinated":[102],"resource":[103,228],"sharing":[104],"problem":[106],"solving":[107],"dynamic,":[109],"multi-institutional":[110],"virtual":[111],"organizations,":[112],"emerging":[114],"new":[117],"paradigm":[118],"distributed":[120],"scientific":[125],"well":[127],"commercial":[129],"applications.":[130],"We":[131],"envision":[132],"global":[134,170,187,288],"network":[135,289],"aggregation":[141],"increased":[149],"compaction":[150],"devices":[153],"has":[157],"created":[158],"thermal":[159,195,239],"energy":[161,192,218,263,282,296],"management":[162,196,240],"issues":[163],"that":[164,183,382],"inhibit":[165],"sustainability":[166],"In":[172],"paper,":[174],"we":[175],"propose":[176],"framework":[178],"Energy":[180],"Aware":[181],"Grid":[182],"provide":[185],"utility":[188],"infrastructure":[189,241],"explicitly":[190],"incorporating":[191],"efficiency":[193,219,297,347,385],"among":[197],"centers.":[199,292],"Designed":[200],"around":[201],"energy-aware":[203],"co-allocator,":[204],"workload":[205,271,396],"placement":[206,397],"decisions":[207],"made":[210],"across":[211],"coefficients.":[220],"coefficient,":[222],"evaluated":[223],"center\u2019s":[227],"allocation":[229],"manager,":[230],"complex":[233],"function":[234],"seasonal":[244],"diurnal":[246],"variations.":[247],"detailed":[249],"procedure":[250],"implementation":[252],"test":[255],"case":[256],"provided":[258],"estimate":[261],"savings":[264],"justify":[266],"economics.":[268],"An":[269],"example":[270],"deployment":[272],"shown":[273,303],"paper":[276,378],"aspires":[277],"seek":[279],"most":[281],"efficient":[283],"locality":[294],"arise":[305],"from":[306,327,365,387],"use":[307],"ground":[309],"coupled":[310],"loops":[311],"cold":[313],"climates":[314],"lower":[316,363],"ambient":[317,333],"temperature":[318],"heat":[320,326],"rejection":[321],"e.g.":[322],"rejecting":[325],"at":[331,344],"nighttime":[332],"20\u00b0C.":[335],"New":[337,357],"Delhi,":[338],"India":[339],"while":[340],"Phoenix,":[341],"USA":[342],"45\u00b0C.":[345],"system":[351],"Delhi":[358],"derived":[360],"lift":[364],"evaporator":[366],"condenser.":[368],"Besides":[369],"obvious":[371],"advantage":[372],"due":[373],"external":[375],"ambient,":[376],"also":[379],"incorporates":[380],"techniques":[381],"rate":[383],"arising":[386],"internal":[388],"thermo-fluids":[389],"behavior":[390],"decision.":[398]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
