{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010736873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.935667","title":"Damage Effects Identified By Scatter Evaluation Of Supersmooth Surfaces","display_name":"Damage Effects Identified By Scatter Evaluation Of Supersmooth Surfaces","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010736873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.935667","mag":"2010736873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.935667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.935667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.935667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026871067","display_name":"W. K. Stowell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. K. Stowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["AFWAL/AADO-2 (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AFWAL/AADO-2 (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072496315","display_name":"Fred D. Orazio","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred D. Orazio, Jr.","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTI , Inc. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTI , Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1868,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75757576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"0406","issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11723","display_name":"Optical Coatings and Gratings","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-scattering","display_name":"light scattering","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-laser-gyroscope","display_name":"ring laser gyroscope","score":0.7580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39008891582489014}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.935667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.935667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.935667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4233752245","https://openalex.org/W2042050560","https://openalex.org/W2522605993","https://openalex.org/W2026893466","https://openalex.org/W4242379242","https://openalex.org/W2039563726","https://openalex.org/W2036521191","https://openalex.org/W2003118134","https://openalex.org/W4321516402","https://openalex.org/W2028083289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,135],"surface":[1,182,201],"quality":[2,54],"of":[3,27,83,124,127,129,146,197,207],"optics":[4,55,84,122],"used":[5,56],"in":[6,57,89,95,156,162],"an":[7],"extremely":[8,119],"sensitive":[9],"laser":[10],"instrument,":[11],"such":[12,106,133,167,185],"as":[13,107,159,161,168,186,194],"a":[14,28,108,195],"Ring":[15],"Laser":[16],"Gyro":[17],"(RLG),":[18],"is":[19,154,192],"critical.":[20],"This":[21],"has":[22,150],"led":[23],"to":[24,71],"the":[25,33,52,78,96,125,130,143,147,179,187],"development":[26],"Variable":[29,188],"Angle":[30,189],"Scatterometer":[31,190],"at":[32,39],"Air":[34,41],"Force":[35,42],"Wright":[36],"Aeronautical":[37],"Laboratories":[38],"Wright-Patterson":[40],"Base,":[43],"which":[44,85,174],"can":[45,175],"detect":[46],"low":[47,120],"level":[48,145],"light":[49],"scatter":[50,121],"from":[51,178],"high":[53],"RLG's,":[58],"without":[59],"first":[60],"overcoating":[61],"with":[62],"metals.":[63],"With":[64],"this":[65],"instrument":[66],"we":[67],"have":[68],"been":[69],"able":[70],"identify":[72],"damage":[73],"effects":[74],"that":[75,104,205],"occur":[76],"during":[77],"typical":[79],"processing":[80],"and":[81,153,227],"handling":[82],"cause":[86],"wide":[87],"variation":[88],"subsequent":[90],"measurements":[91,102],"depending":[92],"on":[93,118,132],"when,":[94],"process,":[97],"one":[98],"takes":[99],"data.":[100],"These":[101],"indicate":[103],"techniques":[105],"Total":[109],"Integrated":[110],"Scatter":[111],"(TIS)":[112],"may":[113],"be":[114,176],"inadequate":[115],"for":[116,138,220],"standards":[117,149],"because":[123],"lack":[126],"sensitivity":[128],"method":[131,196],"surfaces.":[134],"general":[136],"term":[137],"optical":[139,181,200],"surfaces":[140,206],"better":[141,199],"than":[142],"lowest":[144],"scratch-dig":[148],"become":[151],"\"supersmooth\",":[152],"seen":[155],"technical":[157],"literature":[158],"well":[160],"advertising.":[163],"A":[164],"performance":[165],"number,":[166],"Bidirectional":[169],"Radiation":[170],"Distribution":[171],"Function":[172],"(BRDF),":[173],"measured":[177],"uncoated":[180],"by":[183],"equipment":[184],"(VAS)":[191],"proposed":[193],"generating":[198],"specifications.":[202],"Data":[203],"show":[204],"average":[208],"BRDF":[209],"values":[210],"near":[211],"10":[212],"parts":[213],"per":[214,216],"billion":[215],"steriadian":[217],"(0.010":[218],"PPM/Sr)":[219],"0-(301":[221],"=":[222],"0.5,":[223],"are":[224],"now":[225],"possible":[226],"measurable.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}