{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010584096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220532","title":"West African Slavery and Atlantic Commerce: The Senegal River Valley, 1700-1860","display_name":"West African Slavery and Atlantic Commerce: The Senegal River Valley, 1700-1860","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010584096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220532","mag":"2010584096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/220532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169569900","display_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","issn_l":"0361-7882","issn":["0361-7882","2326-3016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315938","host_organization_name":"Boston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315938"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Boston University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. Malcolm Thompson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Malcolm Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois Urbana Champaign >  >  >  >"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana Champaign >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"James F. Searing","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James F. Searing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.2204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98865635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"2","first_page":"372","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.010400000028312206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13019","display_name":"African Studies and Geopolitics","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transatlantic-slave-trade","display_name":"transatlantic slave trade","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/senegal-river-valley","display_name":"Senegal River Valley","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/senegambia","display_name":"Senegambia","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coastal-trade","display_name":"coastal trade","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-surplus","display_name":"agricultural surplus","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slave-revolts","display_name":"slave revolts","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-protest","display_name":"religious protest","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-crisis","display_name":"environmental crisis","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/18th-century","display_name":"18th century","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-structure","display_name":"political structure","score":0.46299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5027110576629639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.4679276943206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993786211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39816","display_name":"River valley","level":2,"score":0.4592421352863312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.3245961666107178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.24169576168060303}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/220532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169569900","display_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","issn_l":"0361-7882","issn":["0361-7882","2326-3016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315938","host_organization_name":"Boston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315938"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Boston University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of African Historical Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4236926911","https://openalex.org/W1564537835","https://openalex.org/W2305053627","https://openalex.org/W2482445791","https://openalex.org/W7005951164","https://openalex.org/W2065329863","https://openalex.org/W1165415631","https://openalex.org/W650367893","https://openalex.org/W4411137963","https://openalex.org/W614403540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"West":[0,72],"African":[1],"societies":[2,47],"were":[3,15],"transformed":[4],"by":[5],"the":[6,24,38,41,46,49,54,60,63,67,79,100,104],"slave":[7,43,111,121],"trade,":[8],"even":[9],"in":[10,53,78,90,99,125],"regions":[11],"where":[12],"few":[13],"slaves":[14,89],"exported.":[16],"While":[17],"many":[18],"books":[19],"have":[20],"been":[21],"written":[22],"on":[23,30,45],"import":[25],"and":[26,29,81,92,120],"export":[27],"trade":[28,44,65],"warrior":[31],"predation,":[32],"Dr":[33],"Searing's":[34],"concern":[35],"is":[36],"with":[37],"effects":[39],"of":[40,48,62,69,103,107],"Atlantic":[42,64],"Senegal":[50],"river":[51,80],"valley":[52],"eighteenth":[55],"century.":[56],"He":[57],"shows":[58],"that":[59],"growth":[61],"stimulated":[66],"development":[68],"slavery":[70],"within":[71],"Africa.":[73],"Slaves":[74],"worked":[75],"as":[76],"seamen":[77],"coasting":[82],"trades,":[83],"produced":[84],"surplus":[85],"grain":[86],"to":[87,95,117],"feed":[88],"transit,":[91],"sometimes":[93],"came":[94],"hold":[96],"pivotal":[97],"positions":[98],"political":[101],"structure":[102],"coastal":[105],"kingdoms":[106],"Senegambia.":[108],"This":[109],"local":[110],"system":[112],"had":[113],"far-reaching":[114],"consequences,":[115],"leading":[116],"religious":[118],"protest":[119],"rebellions.":[122],"The":[123],"changes":[124],"agricultural":[126],"production":[127],"fostered":[128],"an":[129],"ecological":[130],"crisis.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}