{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010558674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","title":"An Electronic Self-Balancing Zero-Resistance Ammeter","display_name":"An Electronic Self-Balancing Zero-Resistance Ammeter","publication_year":1955,"publication_date":"1955-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010558674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","mag":"2010558674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1149/1.2429939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2429939/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138759888","display_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","issn_l":"0013-4651","issn":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2429939/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082123928","display_name":"Donald R. Makar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310264347","display_name":"IIT Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/057jp7h82","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310264347"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald R. Makar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310264347","https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045201317","display_name":"Howard T. Francis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1310264347","display_name":"IIT Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/057jp7h82","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1310264347"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard T. Francis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1310264347","https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1950},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23983621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"102","issue":"12","first_page":"669","last_page":"669"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10310","display_name":"Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition","score":0.9359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10310","display_name":"Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition","score":0.9359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11434","display_name":"Electrochemical Analysis and Applications","score":0.020899999886751175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1603","display_name":"Electrochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-resistance-ammeter","display_name":"zero resistance ammeter","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-circuit-current-measurement","display_name":"short-circuit current measurement","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-balancing","display_name":"battery balancing","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17477027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166046","display_name":"Ammeter","level":3,"score":0.8763651847839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29633239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209440","display_name":"Galvanic cell","level":2,"score":0.7184439301490784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781371449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2367906","display_name":"Galvanic corrosion","level":3,"score":0.5951008200645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106945098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527701","display_name":"Internal resistance","level":4,"score":0.5859662890434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5582486987113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.5228978991508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.49142634868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4863894283771515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.47817450761795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.463091641664505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34400343894958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2606135904788971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.2293897271156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.12264126539230347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1149/1.2429939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2429939/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138759888","display_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","issn_l":"0013-4651","issn":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1149/1.2429939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2429939","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2429939/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138759888","display_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","issn_l":"0013-4651","issn":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2010558674.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2010558674.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099234012","https://openalex.org/W2071819723","https://openalex.org/W2025057880","https://openalex.org/W1990026395","https://openalex.org/W843766135","https://openalex.org/W1964440642","https://openalex.org/W2025720639","https://openalex.org/W2017947385","https://openalex.org/W1965747399","https://openalex.org/W2072480363"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"relatively":[1],"simple":[2],"electronic":[3],"device":[4,22],"is":[5,23,48],"described":[6],"which":[7,54],"permits":[8],"continuous":[9],"observation":[10],"of":[11,36],"the":[12,33,56],"short\u2010circuit":[13],"current":[14,47],"flowing":[15],"in":[16],"a":[17,37],"galvanic":[18],"corrosion":[19,45],"cell.":[20],"The":[21,44],"particularly":[24],"useful":[25],"for":[26],"measuring":[27],"currents":[28],"from":[29],"low\u2010resistance":[30],"cells,":[31],"where":[32],"internal":[34],"resistance":[35],"micro\u2010":[38],"or":[39],"milliammeter":[40],"would":[41],"be":[42],"excessive.":[43],"cell":[46,57],"automatically":[49],"held":[50],"at":[51,59],"that":[52],"value":[53],"maintains":[55],"voltage":[58],".":[60]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}