{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010523355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","title":"Household costs and public expenditure on primary education in five low income countries: A comparative analysis","display_name":"Household costs and public expenditure on primary education in five low income countries: A comparative analysis","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010523355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","mag":"2010523355"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20152851","display_name":"International Journal of Educational Development","issn_l":"0738-0593","issn":["0738-0593","1873-4871"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Educational Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101962774","display_name":"Santosh K. Mehrotra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0098-8050","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0098-8050"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112289208","display_name":"United Nations Children's Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/02dg0pv02","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112289208","https://openalex.org/I1286959531"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santosh Mehrotra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Evaluation, Policy and Planning, UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Evaluation, Policy and Planning, UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112289208"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022897495","display_name":"Enrique Delam\u00f3nica","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-1421","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-1421"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112289208","display_name":"United Nations Children's Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/02dg0pv02","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112289208","https://openalex.org/I1286959531"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique DelaMonica","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Evaluation, Policy and Planning, UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Evaluation, Policy and Planning, UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112289208"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112289208"],"apc_list":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.665,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97475094,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"41","last_page":"61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.8755000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.8755000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.045099999755620956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11300","display_name":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","score":0.022199999541044235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-costs","display_name":"household costs","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-expenditure-on-education","display_name":"public expenditure on education","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-salaries","display_name":"teacher salaries","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matriculation","display_name":"enrollment","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-quality","display_name":"educational quality","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-finance","display_name":"education funding","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-countries","display_name":"low-income countries","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burkina-faso","display_name":"Burkina Faso","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bhutan","display_name":"Bhutan","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myanmar","display_name":"Myanmar","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uganda","display_name":"Uganda","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vietnam","display_name":"Vietnam","score":0.921999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.5809288620948792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.48692500591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4801770746707916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017753974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q881","display_name":"Viet nam","level":2,"score":0.45959386229515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.44888487458229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4437715709209442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160443848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45918","display_name":"Per capita income","level":2,"score":0.42404696345329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10050518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975085","display_name":"Primary education","level":2,"score":0.4160793423652649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.35088151693344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.32158440351486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.11531943082809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.08159026503562927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0738-0593(97)00043-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20152851","display_name":"International Journal of Educational Development","issn_l":"0738-0593","issn":["0738-0593","1873-4871"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Educational Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303},{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.666700005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153014842","https://openalex.org/W157753999","https://openalex.org/W214299277","https://openalex.org/W216578056","https://openalex.org/W259481688","https://openalex.org/W571631149","https://openalex.org/W572015212","https://openalex.org/W1484847398","https://openalex.org/W1501530229","https://openalex.org/W1529771129","https://openalex.org/W1539053875","https://openalex.org/W1561484984","https://openalex.org/W1561845662","https://openalex.org/W1566678405","https://openalex.org/W1580913784","https://openalex.org/W1771791530","https://openalex.org/W1969796591","https://openalex.org/W1977631587","https://openalex.org/W2035399025","https://openalex.org/W2039900870","https://openalex.org/W2054281290","https://openalex.org/W2058388348","https://openalex.org/W2063403498","https://openalex.org/W2085373122","https://openalex.org/W2088090139","https://openalex.org/W2103145474","https://openalex.org/W2104444271","https://openalex.org/W2123310562","https://openalex.org/W2129975262","https://openalex.org/W2131251371","https://openalex.org/W2153459175","https://openalex.org/W2230669714","https://openalex.org/W2263453350","https://openalex.org/W2494252800","https://openalex.org/W2735002038","https://openalex.org/W2938661327","https://openalex.org/W4388114078","https://openalex.org/W4388114286","https://openalex.org/W6611222651"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026888475","https://openalex.org/W7100131709","https://openalex.org/W2058943245","https://openalex.org/W2072920634","https://openalex.org/W2581645983","https://openalex.org/W2144982362","https://openalex.org/W6992242711","https://openalex.org/W7061591001","https://openalex.org/W1966901443","https://openalex.org/W2034238660"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}