{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010484665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/2009-023","title":"Enhanced Gas Recovery: Effect of Reservoir Heterogeneity on Gas-Gas Displacement","display_name":"Enhanced Gas Recovery: Effect of Reservoir Heterogeneity on Gas-Gas Displacement","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010484665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/2009-023","mag":"2010484665"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/2009-023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/2009-023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/2009-023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306505608","display_name":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108522581","display_name":"S. Sim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253737","display_name":"InnoTech Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0119pw819","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.S.K. Sim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alberta Research Council","ALBERTA RES COUNCIL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Research Council","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALBERTA RES COUNCIL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108439329","display_name":"Alex T. Turta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253737","display_name":"InnoTech Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0119pw819","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.T.Q. Turta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alberta Research Council","ALBERTA RES COUNCIL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Research Council","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALBERTA RES COUNCIL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111801678","display_name":"A.K. Singhal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253737","display_name":"InnoTech Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0119pw819","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.K. Singhal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alberta Research Council","ALBERTA RES COUNCIL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Research Council","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALBERTA RES COUNCIL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060364938","display_name":"Blaine F. Hawkins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253737","display_name":"InnoTech Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0119pw819","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.F. Hawkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alberta Research Council","ALBERTA RES COUNCIL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alberta Research Council","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALBERTA RES COUNCIL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253737"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46876933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.5228999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.5228999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.4341000020503998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-gas-recovery","display_name":"enhanced gas recovery","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reservoir-heterogeneity","display_name":"reservoir heterogeneity","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-segregation","display_name":"gravity segregation","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-injection","display_name":"CO2 injection","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flue-gas-injection","display_name":"flue gas injection","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-gas","display_name":"waste gas","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-flow","display_name":"crossflow","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transverse-dispersion","display_name":"transverse dispersion","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permeability-barrier","display_name":"permeability barrier","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-recovery","display_name":"methane recovery","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shallow-gas-reservoirs","display_name":"shallow gas reservoirs","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandpack-experiments","display_name":"sandpack experiments","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement-efficiency","display_name":"displacement efficiency","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-solubility-in-water","display_name":"gas solubility in water","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-sequestration","display_name":"CO2 sequestration","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-sequestration","display_name":"greenhouse gas sequestration","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-dimensional-physical-model","display_name":"two-dimensional physical model","score":0.3919999897480011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.5737621188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49768784642219543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4173278212547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24637258052825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/2009-023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/2009-023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/2009-023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306505608","display_name":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2895318792","https://openalex.org/W4221063774","https://openalex.org/W4235470633","https://openalex.org/W4200597917","https://openalex.org/W250894530","https://openalex.org/W1970231666","https://openalex.org/W3211098525","https://openalex.org/W4404841121","https://openalex.org/W4243306345","https://openalex.org/W7204487672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Experimental":[1,414],"results":[2,405],"on":[3,21,65,116,196,210,269,387],"the":[4,15,46,160,174,205,324,339,353,395,400,429,433,466,473,479],"combined":[5],"effect":[6,62,107],"of":[7,48,56,63,85,96,108,123,136,177,200,208,281,301,316,320,326,338,349,416,428,447,461,478],"reservoir":[8,197,464],"heterogeneity,":[9],"dispersion":[10,170],"and":[11,17,37,43,87,113,131,138,156,168,185,221,294,318,382,420,449,489],"gravity":[12,109],"segregation":[13,110],"between":[14,159,183],"injected":[16,112,184,354],"produced":[18,114,186],"hydrocarbon":[19,247,350],"gases":[20,255],"gas":[22,59,101,187,222,226,271,309,351,356,378,383,463],"recovery":[23,223,248,272],"efficiency":[24,194,390],"are":[25,306,312,322,482],"presented":[26,392,438,483],"in":[27,34,45,70,313,385,394,410,439,454,484],"this":[28,103,302],"paper.":[29],"Laboratory":[30],"tests":[31,363,408,435],"were":[32,144,391,452,491],"conducted":[33,364,409],"both":[35],"one-dimensional":[36],"two-dimensional":[38],"systems":[39],"at":[40,334],"ambient":[41],"temperature":[42],"pressures":[44],"range":[47],"700":[49],"kPa":[50],"to":[51,172,203,243,251,371,456,494],"3500":[52],"kPa,":[53],"conditions":[54],"typical":[55],"Alberta":[57,257],"shallow":[58],"reservoirs.":[60],"The":[61,106,142,297,330,487],"heterogeneity":[64,178,209],"Enhanced":[66],"Gas":[67],"Recovery":[68],"(EGR)":[69,273],"a":[71,124,147,240,263,462],"system":[72],"containing":[73,129],"two":[74,80,161,458],"non-communicating":[75,459],"intervals":[76],"was":[77,92,118,212,470],"investigated":[78,120],"with":[79,134,146,150,365,444],"parallel":[81,455],"2":[82,88,125,137,366,421],"m":[83],"sand-packs":[84,419,481],"5.4":[86,448],"Darcies":[89],"(D).":[90],"Methane":[91],"recovered":[93],"by":[94,121,224,352],"injection":[95,229],"either":[97,189],"CO2,":[98],"or":[99,191,227],"flue":[100],"from":[102,361,406],"heterogeneous":[104,411],"system.":[105],"(between":[111],"gas)":[115],"EGR":[117,211,303],"also":[119,213],"means":[122],"dimensional":[126,422],"physical":[127,423],"model":[128,424],"upper":[130],"lower":[132,474],"compartments":[133],"permeabilities":[135,446],"5":[139],"D,":[140],"respectively.":[141],"layers":[143,460],"separated":[145],"thin":[148],"barrier":[149],"moderate":[151],"permeability":[152],"allowing":[153],"cross":[154,166],"flow":[155,167,380],"molecular":[157],"diffusion":[158],"compartments.":[162],"Results":[163,360],"show":[164],"that":[165,347],"transverse":[169],"help":[171],"mitigate":[173,204],"adverse":[175,206],"effects":[176],"during":[179],"EGR.":[180],"Density":[181],"difference":[182],"can":[188,357],"improve":[190,246],"reduce":[192],"displacement":[193,341,389,407,434],"depending":[195],"geology.":[198],"Effectiveness":[199],"various":[201],"techniques":[202],"impact":[207],"investigated.":[214],"Introduction":[215],"In":[216,399],"recent":[217],"years,":[218],"enhanced":[219,270],"oil":[220],"waste":[225,355],"CO2":[228],"has":[230,260],"attracted":[231],"much":[232],"interest":[233],"1\u20137":[234],"because":[235],"it":[236],"is":[237,437],"considered":[238],"as":[239,375],"feasible":[241],"mean":[242],"not":[244],"only":[245],"but":[249],"also,":[250],"permanently":[252],"store":[253],"greenhouse":[254],"underground.":[256],"Research":[258],"Council":[259],"been":[261],"operating":[262],"joint":[264],"Industry":[265],"Participation":[266],"(JIP)":[267],"project":[268,279],"for":[274,432],"several":[275,282],"years.":[276],"This":[277],"JIP":[278,304],"consisted":[280],"tasks":[283],"including":[284],"laboratory":[285,331,362],"experimentation,":[286],"numerical":[287],"simulation,":[288],"economic":[289],"evaluation,":[290],"surface":[291],"facility":[292],"designs":[293],"field":[295],"pilot.":[296],"main":[298],"resource":[299],"targets":[300],"program":[305,332],"Alberta's":[307],"4200":[308],"pools":[310],"which":[311],"different":[314,445],"stages":[315],"exploitation":[317],"many":[319],"them":[321],"approaching":[323],"end":[325],"their":[327],"production":[328],"life.":[329],"aims":[333],"achieving":[335],"better":[336],"understanding":[337],"gas-gas":[340,388],"process":[342],"within":[343],"porous":[344,412],"media":[345],"so":[346],"contamination":[348],"be":[358],"mitigated.":[359],"meter":[367],"long":[368,418],"homogeneous":[369],"sand-pack":[370],"investigate":[372],"factors":[373],"such":[374],"pressure,":[376],"displacing":[377],"properties,":[379],"rate":[381],"solubility":[384],"water,":[386],"previously":[393],"2008":[396],"CIPC":[397],"conference8.":[398],"present":[401,404],"paper,":[402],"we":[403],"media.":[413],"Preparation":[415],"2m":[417],"A":[425],"schematic":[426],"diagram":[427],"experimental":[430],"setup":[431],"1\u20134":[436],"Figure":[440],"1.":[441,486],"Two":[442],"sandpacks":[443],"2.0":[450],"D":[451],"arranged":[453],"simulate":[457],"where":[465],"higher":[467],"permeable":[468,475],"layer":[469],"located":[471],"below":[472],"layer.":[476],"Properties":[477],"restored":[480],"Table":[485],"equipment":[488],"procedure":[490],"very":[492],"similar":[493],"those":[495],"described":[496],"previously8.":[497]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}