{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010367554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","title":"The fallacy of \u201clight\u201d cigarettes","display_name":"The fallacy of \u201clight\u201d cigarettes","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010367554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","mag":"2010367554","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15016715","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2901853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2901853","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088728555","display_name":"Nancy A. Rigotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2223-1657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2223-1657"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316535847","display_name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy A Rigotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of General Internal Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston, MA","Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, Tobacco Research and Treatment Massachussetts General Hospital Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Internal Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, Tobacco Research and Treatment Massachussetts General Hospital Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040062207","display_name":"Hilary Aurora Tindle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7581-7483","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7581-7483"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316535847","display_name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hilary A Tindle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of General Internal Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston, MA","Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, Tobacco Research and Treatment Massachussetts General Hospital Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Internal Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, Tobacco Research and Treatment Massachussetts General Hospital Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"328","issue":"7440","first_page":"E278","last_page":"E279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12816","display_name":"Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-cigarettes","display_name":"light cigarettes","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-tar-cigarettes","display_name":"low-tar cigarettes","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-tar-yield","display_name":"cigarette tar yield","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-risk-perception","display_name":"smoking risk perception","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer-risk","display_name":"lung cancer risk","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-industry-marketing","display_name":"tobacco industry marketing","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-prevalence","display_name":"smoking prevalence","score":0.722000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192643346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283579","display_name":"tar (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7684115171432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5294123888015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781145028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907703","display_name":"Tobacco industry","level":2,"score":0.5273386240005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5192039608955383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5118250250816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019085024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Cigarette smoking","level":2,"score":0.45612087845802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8868529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124794","display_name":"Taste","level":2,"score":0.4397273659706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.41882434487342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.24425822496414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19067367911338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013638","descriptor_name":"Tars","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014026","descriptor_name":"Nicotiana","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7440.e278","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15016715","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15016715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2901853","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2901853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:bmj:328/7440/E278","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/328/7440/E278","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2901853","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2901853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6955434257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L30 AT002496","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337593","funder_display_name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337593","display_name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00190t495"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060689400","https://openalex.org/W2078519449","https://openalex.org/W2153865568","https://openalex.org/W2162006363","https://openalex.org/W2170876712","https://openalex.org/W3196006573","https://openalex.org/W4211004012"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7111974606","https://openalex.org/W2383510686","https://openalex.org/W2112114897","https://openalex.org/W2143169855","https://openalex.org/W4253286735","https://openalex.org/W4231379458","https://openalex.org/W2122150431","https://openalex.org/W2020355580","https://openalex.org/W2545462090","https://openalex.org/W2417331439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"tar":[1,110,118,132,175],"is":[2,63,155],"not":[3,156],"low":[4],"risk":[5,179],"\n\nJust":[6],"40":[7,77],"years":[8],"ago,":[9],"the":[10,20,24,54,64,67,75,90,95,115,120,146,157,170],"1964":[11],"Surgeon":[12],"General's":[13],"Report":[14],"on":[15],"Smoking":[16],"and":[17,52,183],"Health":[18],"alerted":[19],"American":[21,82],"public":[22,35],"to":[23,48,114],"health":[25,36],"risks":[26],"of":[27,57,119,142,180],"cigarette":[28,68,91,122],"smoking.":[29],"It":[30],"launched":[31],"a":[32,85],"remarkably":[33],"successful":[34],"campaign":[37],"that":[38,66,106,125,172],"dramatically":[39],"cut":[40],"adult":[41],"smoking":[42,173],"prevalence,":[43],"from":[44,89],"42.4%":[45],"in":[46,50,74,93,145,150],"1965":[47],"22.8%":[49],"2001,":[51],"recast":[53],"cultural":[55],"acceptability":[56],"tobacco":[58,98],"use.1":[59],"Less":[60],"well":[61],"known":[62],"fact":[65],"itself":[69],"has":[70],"undergone":[71],"major":[72],"change":[73],"past":[76],"years.":[78],"Today's":[79],"46.2":[80],"million":[81],"smokers":[83,160],"buy":[84,161,165],"product":[86],"very":[87],"different":[88],"sold":[92,123,144],"1964.\n\nIn":[94],"late":[96],"1960s,":[97],"manufacturers":[99],"introduced":[100],"\u201clight\u201d":[101],"or":[102],"\u201clow":[103],"tar\u201d":[104],"brands":[105,129],"yielded":[107],"7-14":[108],"mg":[109,117,136],"per":[111,137],"cigarette,":[112],"compared":[113],"22":[116],"average":[121],"at":[124],"time.2":[126],"Later,":[127],"\u201cultralight\u201d":[128],"appeared,":[130],"with":[131],"yields":[133],"below":[134],"7":[135],"cigarette.":[138],"Today,":[139],"almost":[140],"90%":[141],"cigarettes":[143],"United":[147],"States":[148],"are":[149],"these":[151,189],"categories.3":[152],"Better":[153],"taste":[154],"reason":[158],"why":[159],"light":[162],"cigarettes.":[163],"They":[164],"them":[166],"because":[167],"they":[168],"have":[169],"misconception":[171],"lower":[174],"products":[176],"reduces":[177],"their":[178],"lung":[181],"cancer":[182],"other":[184],"tobacco-related":[185],"diseases.4":[186],"Advertisements":[187],"for":[188],"\u2026":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}