{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010355199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","title":"Analysis of Forest Structure Using Thematic Mapper Simulator Data","display_name":"Analysis of Forest Structure Using Thematic Mapper Simulator Data","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010355199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","mag":"2010355199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006367879","display_name":"David L. Peterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7447-3914","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7447-3914"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nasa Ames Research Center, CA, USA","NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett     Field,   CA   94035"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nasa Ames Research Center, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett     Field,   CA   94035","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109177229","display_name":"Walter E. Westman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197604219","display_name":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq2w707","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Westman","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council Associate, NASA Ames Research Center, CA, USA","National Research Council Associate at the NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council Associate, NASA Ames Research Center, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I197604219","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council Associate at the NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088397741","display_name":"Nathan L. Stephenson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nate Stephenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, , , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111380203","display_name":"Vincent G. Ambrosia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Ambrosia","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Ames Research Center, Technicolor Government Services, Inc., CA, USA","Technicolor Government Services, Inc., NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Technicolor Government Services, Inc., CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technicolor Government Services, Inc., NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111383553","display_name":"James A. Brass","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Brass","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nasa Ames Research Center, CA, USA","NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett     Field,   CA   94035"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nasa Ames Research Center, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett     Field,   CA   94035","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael Spanner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Spanner","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Ames Research Center, Technicolor Government Services, Inc., CA, USA","Technicolor Government Services, Inc., NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Technicolor Government Services, Inc., CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technicolor Government Services, Inc., NASA/Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.2537,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98390962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"GE-24","issue":"1","first_page":"113","last_page":"121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9185000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9185000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.054099999368190765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.01600000075995922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-structure","display_name":"forest structure","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy-closure","display_name":"canopy closure","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-area","display_name":"basal area","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-size","display_name":"tree size","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-cover-types","display_name":"forest cover types","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"feature selection","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-components","display_name":"principal components","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-conifer-forest","display_name":"mixed conifer forest","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequoia-national-park","display_name":"Sequoia National Park","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floristic-composition","display_name":"floristic composition","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detrended-correspondence-analysis","display_name":"detrended correspondence analysis","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-fir","display_name":"red fir","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lodgepole-pine","display_name":"lodgepole pine","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91354502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830384","display_name":"Basal area","level":2,"score":0.8001596927642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.6502037644386292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775938548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1565182","display_name":"Thematic Mapper","level":3,"score":0.6472392082214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20450499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5265809","display_name":"Detrended correspondence analysis","level":3,"score":0.6180427074432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777205146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935091","display_name":"Multispectral Scanner","level":2,"score":0.5397018790245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5194867849349976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.49250754714012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39807119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134228","display_name":"Tree canopy","level":3,"score":0.4744861125946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.35011428594589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26649224758148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.26057296991348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2264632284641266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22128808498382568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.22008860111236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175570560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2029312","display_name":"Ordination","level":2,"score":0.08458247780799866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1986.289692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2184510146","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/36/4072408/04072426.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120672537","https://openalex.org/W127914828","https://openalex.org/W202893025","https://openalex.org/W1543350971","https://openalex.org/W1578243720","https://openalex.org/W1997731494","https://openalex.org/W2000648382","https://openalex.org/W2013795924","https://openalex.org/W2014826714","https://openalex.org/W2018881432","https://openalex.org/W2024851931","https://openalex.org/W2053772222","https://openalex.org/W2080870934","https://openalex.org/W2164185981","https://openalex.org/W2300889558","https://openalex.org/W2323663421","https://openalex.org/W3113004531","https://openalex.org/W4232297496","https://openalex.org/W6787033069"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014826714","https://openalex.org/W302532109","https://openalex.org/W202784928","https://openalex.org/W320317499","https://openalex.org/W1578060180","https://openalex.org/W7095928914","https://openalex.org/W2167986532","https://openalex.org/W6980770356","https://openalex.org/W2061804983","https://openalex.org/W2007687832"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remotely":[0],"sensed":[1],"data":[2,47,68,115,170],"from":[3],"forested":[4],"landscapes":[5],"contain":[6],"information":[7],"on":[8,161,191],"both":[9],"cover":[10],"type":[11,28],"and":[12,24,29,58,82,109],"structure.":[13],"Structural":[14],"properties":[15],"include":[16],"crown":[17,80],"closure,":[18],"basal":[19,150,212],"area,":[20],"leaf":[21],"area":[22,151,213],"index,":[23],"tree":[25,83],"size.":[26],"Cover":[27],"structure":[30,51],"together":[31],"are":[32],"useful":[33],"variables":[34],"for":[35,48,78,116,165],"designing":[36],"forest":[37,50,75,146,167,198,219],"volume":[38],"inventories.":[39],"The":[40,111],"potential":[41],"of":[42,95,113,135,149,194,208,230],"Thematic":[43],"Mapper":[44],"Simulator":[45],"(TMS)":[46],"sensing":[49],"has":[52],"been":[53],"explored":[54],"by":[55,132,173,184],"principal":[56],"components":[57],"feature":[59],"selection":[60],"techniques.":[61],"Improved":[62],"discrimination":[63],"over":[64],"multispectral":[65],"scanner":[66],"(MSS)":[67],"proved":[69],"possible":[70],"in":[71,76,120,217],"a":[72,133,179,185],"mixed":[73],"conifer":[74],"Idaho":[77],"estimating":[79],"closure":[81,127,201],"size":[84],"(saplings/seedlings,":[85],"pole,":[86],"sawtimber).":[87],"Classification":[88],"accuracy":[89],"increased":[90],"monotonically":[91],"with":[92,221],"the":[93,101,192,205],"addition":[94],"new":[96],"channels":[97,104],"up":[98],"to":[99,145,203],"seven;":[100],"four":[102],"optimum":[103],"were":[105,171,182],"4,":[106],"7,":[107],"5,":[108],"3.":[110],"analysis":[112,188],"TMS":[114,231],"123":[117],"field":[118],"sites":[119,181],"Sequoia":[121],"National":[122],"Park":[123],"indicated":[124],"that":[125],"canopy":[126,193,200],"could":[128,214],"be":[129,204,215],"well":[130],"estimated":[131],"variety":[134],"bands":[136,232],"or":[137,159,223],"band":[138],"ratios":[139,229],"(r":[140],"=":[141,157,239,245],"0.62-0.69)":[142],"without":[143],"reference":[144],"type.":[147],"Estimation":[148],"was":[152],"less":[153],"successful":[154],"(":[155],"r":[156,238,244],"0.51":[158],"less)":[160],"average,":[162],"but":[163],"improved":[164,222],"certain":[166,218],"types":[168,220],"when":[169],"stratified":[172],"floristic":[174],"composition.":[175],"To":[176],"achieve":[177],"such":[178],"stratification,":[180],"ordinated":[183],"detrended":[186],"correspondence":[187],"(DECORANA)":[189],"based":[190],"dominant":[195],"species.":[196],"Within":[197],"types,":[199],"continued":[202],"best":[206],"predictor":[207],"spectral":[209],"variation.":[210],"Total":[211],"predicted":[216],"moderate":[224],"reliability":[225],"using":[226],"various":[227],"linear":[228],"(e.":[233],"g.,":[234],"red":[235],"fir,":[236],"5/4,":[237],"0.76;":[240],"lodgepole":[241],"pine,":[242],"4/3,":[243],"0.82).":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
