{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010248698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","title":"Concurrency: Simple Concepts and Powerful Tools","display_name":"Concurrency: Simple Concepts and Powerful Tools","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010248698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","mag":"2010248698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032231503","display_name":"Ian T Foster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2129-5269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2129-5269"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032231503"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2877,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3794},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2526,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80386543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"6","first_page":"501","last_page":"507"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.5092999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.5092999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.4490000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.009200000204145908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"concurrency","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stepwise-refinement","display_name":"stepwise refinement","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-program-design","display_name":"parallel program design","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-programming-languages","display_name":"concurrent programming languages","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-structure","display_name":"program structure","score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strand","display_name":"Strand","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development-tools","display_name":"software development tools","score":0.5049999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8213381767272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7258623838424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.7100405693054199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.5355373024940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40266484022140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.345861554145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3315492868423462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.326191782951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1458139717578888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/33.6.501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560443002","https://openalex.org/W1977264549","https://openalex.org/W2049693630","https://openalex.org/W2913898976","https://openalex.org/W2143334694","https://openalex.org/W2402939367","https://openalex.org/W2154004999","https://openalex.org/W130366326","https://openalex.org/W1969429016","https://openalex.org/W7101156917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stepwise":[0],"refinement":[1,77],"is":[2,26],"a":[3,24,118,137,146],"central":[4],"program":[5,86],"development":[6],"methodology":[7,44],"that":[8,69],"has":[9],"been":[10,133],"applied":[11,134],"extensively":[12],"to":[13,33,45,52,78,88,107],"the":[14,39,43,94,115,122],"design":[15,95],"of":[16,38,124,140],"sequential":[17],"and":[18,54,61,105,110,130,142],"parallel":[19,46,79],"programs.":[20,80],"In":[21],"this":[22],"methodology,":[23],"problem":[25],"successively":[27],"decomposed":[28],"into":[29],"subproblems":[30],"in":[31,74,93,136,145],"order":[32],"untangle":[34],"seemingly":[35],"interdependent":[36],"aspects":[37],"design.":[40],"To":[41],"apply":[42],"programs,":[47],"one":[48],"must":[49],"be":[50,89],"able":[51],"separate":[53],"reason":[55],"about":[56],"issues":[57],"such":[58],"as":[59],"partitioning":[60],"mapping.":[62],"This":[63,97],"paper":[64],"describes":[65],"programming":[66,126,149],"language":[67],"concepts":[68,82,116,129],"we":[70],"have":[71,132],"found":[72],"useful":[73],"applying":[75],"stepwise":[76],"The":[81],"allow":[83],"decisions":[84],"concerning":[85],"structure":[87],"delayed":[90],"until":[91],"late":[92],"process.":[96],"capability":[98],"permits":[99],"rapid":[100],"experimentation":[101],"with":[102],"alternative":[103],"structures":[104],"leads":[106],"both":[108],"portable":[109],"scalable":[111],"code.":[112],"Although":[113],"simple,":[114],"form":[117],"sufficient":[119],"basis":[120],"for":[121],"construction":[123],"powerful":[125],"tools.":[127],"Both":[128],"tools":[131],"successfully":[135],"wide":[138],"variety":[139],"applications":[141],"are":[143],"incorporated":[144],"commercial":[147],"concurrent":[148],"system,":[150],"Strand*.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
