{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010169192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","title":"Power scaling of the Xe(L) amplifier at \u03bb \u223c 2.8 \u00c5 into the petawatt regime","display_name":"Power scaling of the Xe(L) amplifier at \u03bb \u223c 2.8 \u00c5 into the petawatt regime","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010169192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","mag":"2010169192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108417319","display_name":"Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics","issn_l":"0953-4075","issn":["0953-4075","1361-6455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108544203","display_name":"Alex B Borisov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex B Borisov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012166228","display_name":"Ervin R\u00e1cz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-1397","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-1397"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090693","display_name":"Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/008mx9f83","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090693","https://openalex.org/I4210126225","https://openalex.org/I4387152226"]}],"countries":["HU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ervin Racz","raw_affiliation_strings":["KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, EURATOM Association, P.O. Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary","Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, EURATOM Association, P.O. Box 49, 1525 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003427212","display_name":"Shahab F Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0898-9178","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0898-9178"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahab F Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008823892","display_name":"Sankar Poopalasingam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sankar Poopalasingam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070579560","display_name":"John C McCorkindale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5975-4070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5975-4070"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John C McCorkindale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101924695","display_name":"Ji Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-9087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-9087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056507849","display_name":"J. Boguta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Boguta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045723697","display_name":"J. W. Longworth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James W Longworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050668795","display_name":"C. K. Rhodes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles K Rhodes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for x-ray Microimaging and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3325,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3325},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3192,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63413377,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"1","first_page":"015402","last_page":"015402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","score":0.3181000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","score":0.3181000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10566","display_name":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","score":0.22660000622272491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10523","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics","score":0.1517000049352646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray-free-electron-laser","display_name":"X-ray free-electron laser","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-scaling","display_name":"power scaling","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-extraction-efficiency","display_name":"energy extraction efficiency","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling-limits","display_name":"scaling limits","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-intensity","display_name":"peak intensity","score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"brightness","score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-duration","display_name":"pulse duration","score":0.7710000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9659111499786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7585813403129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.6489334106445312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.49660831689834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.40894001722335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.3375544846057892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.17679494619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.1411260962486267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/015402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108417319","display_name":"Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics","issn_l":"0953-4075","issn":["0953-4075","1361-6455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965730862","https://openalex.org/W1966419995","https://openalex.org/W1966859607","https://openalex.org/W1970409767","https://openalex.org/W1972170167","https://openalex.org/W1980977291","https://openalex.org/W2011209030","https://openalex.org/W2013346455","https://openalex.org/W2017154611","https://openalex.org/W2021007323","https://openalex.org/W2022716353","https://openalex.org/W2023700030","https://openalex.org/W2025951218","https://openalex.org/W2026097047","https://openalex.org/W2030753819","https://openalex.org/W2033624984","https://openalex.org/W2034584704","https://openalex.org/W2041980631","https://openalex.org/W2051420306","https://openalex.org/W2057396408","https://openalex.org/W2058734126","https://openalex.org/W2062187316","https://openalex.org/W2071929066","https://openalex.org/W2076947480","https://openalex.org/W2078451464","https://openalex.org/W2078787667","https://openalex.org/W2080966930","https://openalex.org/W2093925061","https://openalex.org/W2110179385","https://openalex.org/W2159759190","https://openalex.org/W2312518003","https://openalex.org/W2983720020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123055600","https://openalex.org/W2026097047","https://openalex.org/W2124582707","https://openalex.org/W2060112793","https://openalex.org/W306779902","https://openalex.org/W1993251015","https://openalex.org/W2641329212","https://openalex.org/W2326646499","https://openalex.org/W1644051566","https://openalex.org/W2066574033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Single-pulse":[0],"and":[1,95,104],"time-integrated":[2],"spectral":[3],"measurements":[4],"of":[5,8,20,23,28,47],"the":[6,9],"characteristics":[7],"Xe(L)":[10,56],"amplifier":[11],"at":[12],"\u03bb":[13],"~":[14,65,73,85,97,110],"2.8":[15],"A":[16],"indicate":[17],"an":[18,68,105],"efficiency":[19],"energy":[21],"extraction":[22],"~30%":[24],"over":[25],"a":[26,40,44,51,61],"bandwidth":[27],"~500":[29],"eV.":[30],"These":[31],"observations,":[32],"together":[33],"with":[34],"data":[35],"from":[36],"prior":[37],"studies,":[38],"provide":[39],"basis":[41],"for":[42,50],"estimating":[43],"corresponding":[45,82],"set":[46],"scaling":[48],"limits":[49],"laboratory":[52],"sized":[53],"~4.5":[54],"keV":[55],"system.":[57],"Specifically,":[58],"they":[59],"are":[60],"peak":[62,70,79],"power":[63],"Px":[64],"6.0":[66],"PW,":[67],"unfocused":[69],"intensity":[71],"Ix":[72],"3.4":[74],"\u00d7":[75,87,99],"1021":[76],"W":[77,101],"cm\u22122,":[78],"brightness":[80],"figures":[81],"to":[83],"B":[84],"4.1":[86],"1034":[88],"photons":[89],"s\u22121":[90],"mm\u22122":[91],"mrad\u22122":[92],"(0.1%":[93],"bandwidth)\u22121":[94],"Px/\u03bb2":[96],"7.6":[98],"1030":[100],"cm\u22122":[102],"sr\u22121,":[103],"x-ray":[106],"pulse":[107],"length":[108],"\u03c4x":[109],"5\u201310":[111],"as.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}