{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009951968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720127699","title":"Fertility transition in Communist Albania, 1950-90","display_name":"Fertility transition in Communist Albania, 1950-90","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009951968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720127699","mag":"2009951968","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11778622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00324720127699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720127699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720127699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202512192","display_name":"Population Studies","issn_l":"0032-4728","issn":["0032-4728","1477-4747"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026432812","display_name":"Jane Falkingham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7135-5875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7135-5875"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Falkingham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics, London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics, London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050202372","display_name":"Arjan Gjon\u00e7a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjan Gjon\u00e7a","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9913,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82262211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"3","first_page":"309","last_page":"318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.7294999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.7294999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10600","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","score":0.12559999525547028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.09860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-transition","display_name":"fertility transition","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albania","display_name":"Albania","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communist-albania","display_name":"communist Albania","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronatalism","display_name":"pronatalism","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contraception","display_name":"contraception","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abortion","display_name":"abortion","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-decline","display_name":"fertility decline","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-economic-change","display_name":"socio-economic change","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-change","display_name":"cultural change","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-history","display_name":"demographic history","score":0.40400001406669617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.8515864014625549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6053343415260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143845886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381763","display_name":"Demographic transition","level":4,"score":0.590180516242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778642596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8452","display_name":"Abortion","level":3,"score":0.4918067753314972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207456731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818","display_name":"League","level":2,"score":0.482413649559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.46913784742355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542948173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6186","display_name":"Communism","level":3,"score":0.4681803286075592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.464589387178421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.4548708200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.41037502884864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3730381429195404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.3574466109275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3257741928100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3251906633377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17332428693771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1714206337928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1045612096786499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.09846964478492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08468836545944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000415","descriptor_name":"Albania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001723","descriptor_name":"Birth Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003148","descriptor_name":"Communism","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012922","descriptor_name":"Social Change","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00324720127699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720127699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720127699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202512192","display_name":"Population Studies","issn_l":"0032-4728","issn":["0032-4728","1477-4747"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11778622","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11778622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Population studies","raw_type":"Historical Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:34182","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/34182/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7799999713897705}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168452234","https://openalex.org/W403394818","https://openalex.org/W1538368233","https://openalex.org/W1818014066","https://openalex.org/W1966843838","https://openalex.org/W1970684525","https://openalex.org/W1977030223","https://openalex.org/W1985418867","https://openalex.org/W1993215863","https://openalex.org/W2021113754","https://openalex.org/W2057465112","https://openalex.org/W2066979448","https://openalex.org/W2075518770","https://openalex.org/W2075711678","https://openalex.org/W2080853833","https://openalex.org/W2090200646","https://openalex.org/W2130687426","https://openalex.org/W2245406965","https://openalex.org/W2801325947","https://openalex.org/W6613490123"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3122049319","https://openalex.org/W2141391753","https://openalex.org/W7098558325","https://openalex.org/W2066827915","https://openalex.org/W2023159896","https://openalex.org/W2550125425","https://openalex.org/W7056751906","https://openalex.org/W2247958076","https://openalex.org/W604031779","https://openalex.org/W2559204760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"1945,":[1],"at":[2,66],"the":[3,6,12,34,53,67,70,79,85,90,94],"end":[4],"of":[5,20,56,69,96],"Second":[7],"World":[8],"War,":[9],"Albania":[10,30,83],"had":[11,40],"highest":[13],"fertility":[14,39,72,80],"in":[15,37,52,82,93],"Europe":[16],"with":[17],"an":[18],"average":[19],"more":[21],"than":[22],"six":[23],"live":[24],"births":[25],"per":[26,45],"woman.":[27],"However,":[28],"when":[29],"emerged":[31],"from":[32],"behind":[33],"'olive":[35],"curtain'":[36],"1990,":[38],"fallen":[41],"to":[42],"three":[43],"children":[44],"woman,":[46],"despite":[47],"a":[48],"pro-natalist":[49],"environment":[50],"and":[51,58,88,99],"virtual":[54],"absence":[55],"contraception":[57],"abortion.":[59],"Nevertheless,":[60],"after":[61],"five":[62],"decades,":[63],"Albania's":[64],"position":[65],"top":[68],"European":[71],"league":[73],"remains":[74],"unchanged.":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"documents":[78],"transition":[81],"during":[84],"period":[86],"1950-90":[87],"places":[89],"demographic":[91],"results":[92],"context":[95],"recent":[97],"socio-economic":[98],"cultural":[100],"change.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}