{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009559576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","title":"The way of our errors: Theme and variations","display_name":"The way of our errors: Theme and variations","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009559576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","mag":"2009559576","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19929897"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167723465","display_name":"Psychophysiology","issn_l":"0048-5772","issn":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychophysiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111971965","display_name":"Robert F. Simons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert F. Simons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. rsimons@psych.udel.edu","Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. rsimons@psych.udel.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111971965"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"],"apc_list":{"value":4020,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4020},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8744,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":178,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62228654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11997","display_name":"Free Will and Agency","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-related-negativity","display_name":"error-related negativity","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedback-related-negativity","display_name":"feedback-related negativity","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correct-response-negativity","display_name":"correct response negativity","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-feedback","display_name":"negative feedback","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-monitoring","display_name":"performance monitoring","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection","display_name":"error detection","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anterior-cingulate-cortex","display_name":"anterior cingulate cortex","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefrontal-cortex","display_name":"prefrontal cortex","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-function","display_name":"executive function","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-related-potentials","display_name":"event-related potentials","score":0.6899999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8433361053466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7453019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16254302","display_name":"Negativity effect","level":2,"score":0.7125499248504639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.6617721915245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2121931","display_name":"Anterior cingulate cortex","level":3,"score":0.598649263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8784161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2269187","display_name":"Error-related negativity","level":4,"score":0.5755127668380737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.5498858690261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18680","display_name":"Prefrontal cortex","level":3,"score":0.5400391817092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67359045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14026181","display_name":"Event-related potential","level":3,"score":0.4458150863647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775968953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783092","display_name":"Executive functions","level":3,"score":0.4309229254722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21715850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720968","display_name":"Mismatch negativity","level":3,"score":0.4184666872024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.38429006934165955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.3799477815628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.324055552482605}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001007","descriptor_name":"Anxiety","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017397","descriptor_name":"Prefrontal Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030141","descriptor_name":"Feedback, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056344","descriptor_name":"Executive Function","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167723465","display_name":"Psychophysiology","issn_l":"0048-5772","issn":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychophysiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19929897","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19929897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychophysiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00929.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167723465","display_name":"Psychophysiology","issn_l":"0048-5772","issn":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychophysiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3441363982","display_name":"Cognitive Training for Social Anxiety","funder_award_id":"K23MH064491","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3794864246","display_name":"Error-related brain activity and pediatric anxiety","funder_award_id":"F31MH069047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6507627124","display_name":"TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER","funder_award_id":"R01MH055126","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G897853701","display_name":"Neural correlates of cognitive biases in social phobia","funder_award_id":"F31MH077388","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2009559576.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2009559576.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19012124","https://openalex.org/W1269562257","https://openalex.org/W1659864209","https://openalex.org/W1891021019","https://openalex.org/W1972100326","https://openalex.org/W1974367319","https://openalex.org/W1978993273","https://openalex.org/W1982805224","https://openalex.org/W1983424485","https://openalex.org/W1985399534","https://openalex.org/W1990145288","https://openalex.org/W1990208413","https://openalex.org/W1990592342","https://openalex.org/W1991491984","https://openalex.org/W1994256711","https://openalex.org/W1994401248","https://openalex.org/W1999764065","https://openalex.org/W2000775565","https://openalex.org/W2001866454","https://openalex.org/W2002958204","https://openalex.org/W2011692649","https://openalex.org/W2022640694","https://openalex.org/W2025686518","https://openalex.org/W2026482820","https://openalex.org/W2027060349","https://openalex.org/W2039483201","https://openalex.org/W2039500286","https://openalex.org/W2053212267","https://openalex.org/W2057046889","https://openalex.org/W2057509043","https://openalex.org/W2057859304","https://openalex.org/W2058317558","https://openalex.org/W2061496397","https://openalex.org/W2061859238","https://openalex.org/W2062961742","https://openalex.org/W2064301601","https://openalex.org/W2064510408","https://openalex.org/W2065015660","https://openalex.org/W2071583576","https://openalex.org/W2074262113","https://openalex.org/W2075307384","https://openalex.org/W2078581693","https://openalex.org/W2084562202","https://openalex.org/W2093106172","https://openalex.org/W2095576699","https://openalex.org/W2095958248","https://openalex.org/W2097963125","https://openalex.org/W2101620812","https://openalex.org/W2102142327","https://openalex.org/W2103454939","https://openalex.org/W2108611279","https://openalex.org/W2109493861","https://openalex.org/W2110274942","https://openalex.org/W2113665653","https://openalex.org/W2115693974","https://openalex.org/W2115836035","https://openalex.org/W2117275480","https://openalex.org/W2118852668","https://openalex.org/W2119792333","https://openalex.org/W2120357670","https://openalex.org/W2120730087","https://openalex.org/W2122333639","https://openalex.org/W2125015303","https://openalex.org/W2125027043","https://openalex.org/W2130514477","https://openalex.org/W2131381493","https://openalex.org/W2133132751","https://openalex.org/W2134012732","https://openalex.org/W2135572147","https://openalex.org/W2137899599","https://openalex.org/W2138154769","https://openalex.org/W2138490691","https://openalex.org/W2145554271","https://openalex.org/W2147011998","https://openalex.org/W2147390777","https://openalex.org/W2147666048","https://openalex.org/W2150096845","https://openalex.org/W2151169111","https://openalex.org/W2159594385","https://openalex.org/W2162919425","https://openalex.org/W2164418127","https://openalex.org/W2164999292","https://openalex.org/W2165047247","https://openalex.org/W2165389751","https://openalex.org/W2168596899","https://openalex.org/W2171494914","https://openalex.org/W2339444704","https://openalex.org/W2794542090","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6749820250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000775565","https://openalex.org/W4234163268","https://openalex.org/W2022009089","https://openalex.org/W2396980118","https://openalex.org/W2096279410","https://openalex.org/W2152545767","https://openalex.org/W154319745","https://openalex.org/W2120254525","https://openalex.org/W2007774400","https://openalex.org/W3202769600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Negative":[0],"feedback,":[1],"either":[2],"internal":[3,73],"or":[4,74],"external,":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,57,67],"fundamental":[8],"guide":[9],"to":[10,32,49,65,110,113],"human":[11],"learning":[12],"and":[13,24,43,98],"performance.":[14],"The":[15,53],"neural":[16],"system":[17],"that":[18,36,61],"underlies":[19],"the":[20,25,39,96],"monitoring":[21,97],"of":[22,27,59,69,89,101,104],"performance":[23],"adjustment":[26,100],"behavior":[28],"has":[29],"been":[30],"subject":[31],"multiple":[33],"neuroimaging":[34],"investigations":[35],"uniformly":[37],"implicate":[38],"anterior":[40],"cingulate":[41],"cortex":[42],"other":[44],"prefrontal":[45],"structures":[46],"as":[47],"crucial":[48],"these":[50,108],"executive":[51],"functions.":[52],"present":[54],"article":[55],"describes":[56],"series":[58],"experiments":[60],"employed":[62],"event-related":[63],"potentials":[64],"study":[66],"variety":[68],"processes":[70],"associated":[71],"with":[72],"external":[75],"feedback.":[76],"Three":[77],"medial-frontal":[78],"negativities":[79],"(error-related":[80],"negativity,":[81,83],"correct-response":[82],"feedback-related":[84],"negativity)":[85],"are":[86,115],"highlighted,":[87],"each":[88],"which":[90],"plays":[91],"an":[92],"important":[93],"role":[94],"in":[95],"dynamic":[99],"behavior.":[102],"Extensions":[103],"basic":[105],"research":[106],"on":[107],"ERPs":[109],"questions":[111],"relevant":[112],"clinical-science":[114],"also":[116],"provided.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
