{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009319183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr282","title":"A National Qualitative Study of Tobacco Use Among Career Firefighters and Department Health Personnel","display_name":"A National Qualitative Study of Tobacco Use Among Career Firefighters and Department Health Personnel","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009319183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr282","mag":"2009319183","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22180587","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6281053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ntr/ntr282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62426309","display_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","issn_l":"1462-2203","issn":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine &amp; Tobacco Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6281053","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109135034","display_name":"Walker S. Carlos Poston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331203130","display_name":"National Development and Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/00zfzef50","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. S. C. Poston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS 66224, USA. poston@ndri.org","Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS 66224, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS 66224, USA. poston@ndri.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS 66224, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103074206","display_name":"Christopher Keith Haddock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9863-2326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9863-2326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331203130","display_name":"National Development and Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/00zfzef50","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. K. Haddock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062572376","display_name":"Nattinee Jitnarin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-773X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-773X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331203130","display_name":"National Development and Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/00zfzef50","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Jitnarin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098141515","display_name":"S. A. Janhke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331203130","display_name":"National Development and Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/00zfzef50","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Janhke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109135034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331203130"],"apc_list":{"value":5392,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75328947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"6","first_page":"734","last_page":"741"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12138","display_name":"Occupational Health and Performance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefighters","display_name":"firefighters","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-use","display_name":"tobacco use","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smokeless-tobacco","display_name":"smokeless tobacco","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smokeless-tobacco-use","display_name":"smokeless tobacco use","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-policy","display_name":"smoking policy","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-health","display_name":"occupational health","score":0.5460000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019190695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Tobacco use","level":3,"score":0.6187639832496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.48646995425224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4309979975223541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42784255743026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.35833925008773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3487062454223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.09279820322990417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000074606","descriptor_name":"Smoking Prevention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006293","descriptor_name":"Health Promotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006293","descriptor_name":"Health Promotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014030","descriptor_name":"Tobacco, Smokeless","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016134","descriptor_name":"Organizational Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017144","descriptor_name":"Focus Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020340","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Use Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036301","descriptor_name":"Qualitative Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061388","descriptor_name":"Firefighters","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ntr/ntr282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62426309","display_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","issn_l":"1462-2203","issn":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine &amp; Tobacco Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5255615","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6281053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6281053","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6281053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine Tob Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22180587","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22180587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:nictob:ntr282v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ntr.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/ntr282v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5255615","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6281053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1539489689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32DA007233\u00a0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G558321319","display_name":"Behavioral Sciences Training in Drug Abuse Research","funder_award_id":"5t32da007233-40","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114012647","https://openalex.org/W1992105097","https://openalex.org/W2032522252","https://openalex.org/W2033937839","https://openalex.org/W2040808418","https://openalex.org/W2057571621","https://openalex.org/W2075635028","https://openalex.org/W2084265226","https://openalex.org/W2112071625","https://openalex.org/W2127697590","https://openalex.org/W2128883395","https://openalex.org/W2129097493","https://openalex.org/W2132187980","https://openalex.org/W2165065515","https://openalex.org/W2169110538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123978490","https://openalex.org/W3160050056","https://openalex.org/W3019234508","https://openalex.org/W2128883395","https://openalex.org/W2323778199","https://openalex.org/W3211947102","https://openalex.org/W1974249232","https://openalex.org/W3155084063","https://openalex.org/W2951178509","https://openalex.org/W2560231165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Firefighters":[1,68],"currently":[2],"have":[3,20,33],"substantially":[4],"lower":[5],"smoking":[6,76,93,105,138],"rates":[7,23,139],"than":[8],"similar":[9],"occupational":[10],"groups":[11,53],"and":[12,51,108,151,163,191],"the":[13,38,73,78,84,90,109,118,149,175,185,215],"general":[14],"U.S.":[15],"population.":[16],"In":[17,113],"contrast,":[18,114],"firefighters":[19,141],"very":[21],"high":[22],"of":[24,63,92,111,121,161,178,189,196,201],"smokeless":[25],"tobacco":[26,45,156,179],"(SLT).":[27],"The":[28,132,206],"reasons":[29,71,134,168],"for":[30,72,136,210],"this":[31],"paradox":[32],"not":[34],"been":[35],"explored;":[36],"thus,":[37],"current":[39],"study":[40,144],"examined":[41],"firefighters'":[42],"perspectives":[43],"on":[44,94,129,218],"use.":[46],"METHODS:":[47],"Key":[48],"informant":[49],"interviews":[50],"focus":[52],"were":[54,145,204],"conducted":[55],"in":[56,75,77,83,106,142],"a":[57,159],"national,":[58],"cross-sectional":[59],"purposively":[60],"sampled":[61],"group":[62],"332":[64],"career":[65],"firefighters.":[66],"RESULTS:":[67],"suggested":[69],"several":[70],"decline":[74],"fire":[79,85],"service":[80,86],"including":[81],"changes":[82],"culture,":[87],"concerns":[88],"about":[89,184,193],"impact":[91],"their":[95,99],"ability":[96],"to":[97,126,198],"perform":[98],"job,":[100],"regulations":[101],"aimed":[102],"at":[103,148],"reducing":[104],"departments,":[107],"costs":[110],"smoking.":[112,130,219],"they":[115],"felt":[116],"that":[117,154],"greater":[119,182,216],"use":[120,157,213],"SLT":[122,212],"was":[123,214],"primarily":[124],"due":[125],"increasing":[127],"restrictions":[128,217],"CONCLUSIONS:":[131],"primary":[133,207],"cited":[135,209],"decreased":[137],"by":[140],"our":[143],"policy":[146,170],"implementation":[147],"state":[150],"local":[152],"levels":[153],"prohibit":[155],"as":[158,173],"condition":[160],"employment":[162],"related":[164],"presumption":[165],"laws.":[166],"However,":[167],"beyond":[169],"mandates":[171],"such":[172],"witnessing":[174],"end":[176],"results":[177],"use,":[180],"fitness,":[181],"education":[183],"negative":[186],"health":[187],"effects":[188],"smoking,":[190],"awareness":[192],"increased":[194,211],"risk":[195],"exposure":[197],"toxic":[199],"products":[200],"combustions":[202],"also":[203],"noted.":[205],"reason":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
