{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009237808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713823549","title":"Computer Generated Diffractive Multi-focal Lens","display_name":"Computer Generated Diffractive Multi-focal Lens","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009237808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713823549","mag":"2009237808"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/713823549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713823549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713823549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82541167","display_name":"Journal of Modern Optics","issn_l":"0950-0340","issn":["0950-0340","1362-3044"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Modern Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038857689","display_name":"Michael A. Golub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-3635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-3635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141000","display_name":"Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science \"Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation\" of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/046npx426","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Golub","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002259101","display_name":"Leonid L. Doskolovich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-028X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-028X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141000","display_name":"Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science \"Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation\" of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/046npx426","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L.L. Doskolovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080594712","display_name":"Nikolay Lvovich Kazanskiy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0180-7522","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0180-7522"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141000","display_name":"Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science \"Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation\" of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/046npx426","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N.L. Kazanskiy","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036732181","display_name":"Sergey I. Kharitonov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141000","display_name":"Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science \"Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation\" of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/046npx426","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.I. Kharitonov","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011639969","display_name":"Victor A. Soifer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4239-4389","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4239-4389"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313323035","display_name":"Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qrfxd25","country_code":"RU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141000","display_name":"Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science \"Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation\" of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/046npx426","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V.A. Soifer","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Central Design Institute of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya, Samara, SU-443001 Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210141000"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44742228,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"6","first_page":"1245","last_page":"1251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11723","display_name":"Optical Coatings and Gratings","score":0.006200000178068876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffractive-optics","display_name":"diffractive optics","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fresnel-lens","display_name":"Fresnel lens","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-nonlinearity","display_name":"phase nonlinearity","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-gratings","display_name":"phase gratings","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thin-lens","display_name":"thin lenses","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bifocals","display_name":"bifocal lenses","score":0.8109999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7988186478614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.7533372640609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.692614734172821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82552819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193540","display_name":"Focal length","level":3,"score":0.5936168432235718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781358867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14672","display_name":"Fresnel lens","level":3,"score":0.5912692546844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.521508514881134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138395690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376733","display_name":"Cardinal point","level":2,"score":0.5061766505241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50282329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2286895","display_name":"Fresnel diffraction","level":3,"score":0.48522233963012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.46621257066726685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/713823549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713823549","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713823549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82541167","display_name":"Journal of Modern Optics","issn_l":"0950-0340","issn":["0950-0340","1362-3044"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Modern Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W225265453","https://openalex.org/W1494482350","https://openalex.org/W1666853924","https://openalex.org/W2016403150","https://openalex.org/W2029722255","https://openalex.org/W2033334026","https://openalex.org/W2081368946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028333523","https://openalex.org/W1652907129","https://openalex.org/W1996714919","https://openalex.org/W4417272392","https://openalex.org/W2000839935","https://openalex.org/W2058885185","https://openalex.org/W2883343232","https://openalex.org/W2989188801","https://openalex.org/W1990593997","https://openalex.org/W3102190755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"method":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3,69],"proposed":[4],"for":[5,50],"computing":[6],"Fresnel-type":[7],"multi-focal":[8,18],"lenses":[9],"on":[10],"the":[11,37,43,46,51],"basis":[12],"of":[13,26,36,45],"special-type":[14],"phase":[15,52],"nonlinearity.":[16],"A":[17],"lens":[19,29,64,67],"is":[20,40],"represented":[21],"as":[22],"a":[23,27],"mathematical":[24],"superposition":[25],"thin":[28],"and":[30,65],"nonlinearity":[31,38],"distorted":[32],"Fresnel":[33],"lens.":[34],"Selection":[35],"type":[39],"reduced":[41],"to":[42],"problem":[44],"groove":[47],"form":[48],"determination":[49],"diffraction":[53],"grating":[54],"with":[55],"pre-set":[56],"energy":[57],"distribution":[58],"between":[59],"orders.":[60],"In":[61],"particular,":[62],"bi-focal":[63],"seven-focal":[66],"have":[68],"investigated.":[70]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}