{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009013466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","title":"PIGEONS MAY NOT REMEMBER THE STIMULI THAT REINFORCED THEIR RECENT BEHAVIOR","display_name":"PIGEONS MAY NOT REMEMBER THE STIMULI THAT REINFORCED THEIR RECENT BEHAVIOR","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009013466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","mag":"2009013466","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10784005","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1284767"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1284767","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030279254","display_name":"David W. Schaal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David W. Schaal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050115675","display_name":"Amy L. Odum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-4013","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-4013"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy L. Odum","raw_affiliation_strings":["WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062872403","display_name":"Timothy A. Shahan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-8714","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-8714"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy A. Shahan","raw_affiliation_strings":["WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030279254"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1676,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47642362,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"2","first_page":"125","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.3086000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.3086000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.22349999845027924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.20239999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-matching-to-sample","display_name":"delayed matching-to-sample","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-interval-schedules","display_name":"variable-interval schedules","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-discounting","display_name":"delay discounting","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditioned-reinforcement","display_name":"conditioned reinforcement","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-stimuli","display_name":"discriminative stimulus","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus-delay","display_name":"stimulus delay","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proactive-interference","display_name":"proactive interference","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pigeons","display_name":"pigeons","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-rate","display_name":"response rate","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching-accuracy","display_name":"matching accuracy","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.725662112236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5685210824012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5666399002075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5473315119743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.5420281887054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57022672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617378","display_name":"Stimulus control","level":3,"score":0.5195229649543762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.42965394258499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27134087681770325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.22393247485160828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.20568764209747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11315903067588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.10781681537628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28086552","display_name":"Nicotine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003213","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010856","descriptor_name":"Columbidae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2000.73-125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1284767","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1284767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Anal Behav","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10784005","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10784005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.121.8990","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.121.8990","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/articles/2000/jeab-73-02-0125.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.33.4568","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.33.4568","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.envmed.rochester.edu/wwwvgl/jeab_articles/2000/schaal-73-125.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.usu.edu:psych_facpub-1051","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/psych_facpub/52","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196327","display_name":"Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121980950","host_organization_name":"Utah State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121980950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychology Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1284767","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1284767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Anal Behav","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8930065227","display_name":"ABUSED DRUGS, FOOD DEPRIVATION, AND OPERANT BEHAVIOR","funder_award_id":"R29DA008053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83058143","https://openalex.org/W1970188413","https://openalex.org/W1986685554","https://openalex.org/W1988501184","https://openalex.org/W1997709025","https://openalex.org/W2025016460","https://openalex.org/W2025387097","https://openalex.org/W2031780180","https://openalex.org/W2032007831","https://openalex.org/W2033029177","https://openalex.org/W2036934911","https://openalex.org/W2038460915","https://openalex.org/W2041721285","https://openalex.org/W2052014281","https://openalex.org/W2066234557","https://openalex.org/W2074411755","https://openalex.org/W2077207482","https://openalex.org/W2085974327","https://openalex.org/W2098449479","https://openalex.org/W2123475279","https://openalex.org/W2138564880","https://openalex.org/W2161147021","https://openalex.org/W4240605570","https://openalex.org/W4302767811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096434930","https://openalex.org/W1977730924","https://openalex.org/W2005589117","https://openalex.org/W2298143010","https://openalex.org/W1997709025","https://openalex.org/W2060883031","https://openalex.org/W4255764262","https://openalex.org/W1996462585","https://openalex.org/W1988501184","https://openalex.org/W2074908672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,223],"two":[1,62],"experiments":[2],"the":[3,81,90,95,100,125,128,157,188,241,247,257,267,282,286,291,296],"conditioned":[4,283],"reinforcing":[5,284],"and":[6,85,124,137,150,161,220,229,285,300],"delayed":[7,287],"discriminative":[8,288],"stimulus":[9,160,293],"functions":[10,165,289],"of":[11,55,59,61,83,112,127,134,140,238,290],"stimuli":[12,88,119,146],"that":[13,98],"signal":[14],"delays":[15,68,171,190,217,239],"to":[16,22,30,74,94,107,116,144,170,179,192,202,214,246,262],"reinforcement":[17],"were":[18,102,195,304],"studied.":[19],"Pigeons'":[20],"pecks":[21,115,143],"a":[23,31,43,56,121,235],"center":[24],"key":[25,64,96],"produced":[26,120],"delayed-matching-to-sample":[27],"trials":[28,53,151],"according":[29],"variable-interval":[32,45,47,242,248,268,301],"60-s":[33],"(or":[34],"30-s":[35],"in":[36,78,240,253,266],"1":[37,136],"pigeon)":[38],"schedule":[39,49],"(Experiment":[40,50],"1)":[41],"or":[42],"multiple":[44],"20-s":[46,249,269],"120-s":[48,243],"2).":[51],"The":[52,164,251],"consisted":[54],"2-s":[57],"illumination":[58],"one":[60],"sample":[63,101,292],"colors":[65],"followed":[66,77],"by":[67,80],"ranging":[69],"across":[70],"phases":[71],"from":[72,174],"0.1":[73],"27.0":[75,193],"s":[76],"turn":[79],"presentation":[82],"matching":[84,159,227,254],"nonmatching":[86,117,145],"comparison":[87,118],"on":[89,295],"side":[91],"keys.":[92],"Pecks":[93],"color":[97],"matched":[99],"reinforced":[103],"with":[104],"4-s":[105,122],"access":[106],"grain.":[108],"Under":[109,131],"some":[110],"conditions":[111,133,281],"Experiment":[113,135,141,224],"1,":[114],"blackout":[123],"start":[126],"next":[129],"interval.":[130],"other":[132],"each":[138],"condition":[139],"2,":[142,225],"had":[147],"no":[148],"effect":[149],"ended":[152],"only":[153],"when":[154],"pigeons":[155],"pecked":[156],"other,":[158],"received":[162],"food.":[163],"relating":[166,176],"pretrial":[167],"response":[168,182,230],"rates":[169,183,231],"differed":[172],"markedly":[173],"those":[175],"matching-to-sample":[177],"accuracy":[178,206,228,255],"delays.":[180],"Specifically,":[181],"remained":[184,232],"relatively":[185],"high":[186,208,233],"until":[187],"longest":[189],"(15.0":[191],"s)":[194],"arranged,":[196],"at":[197,209,216],"which":[198],"point":[199],"they":[200],"fell":[201,213],"low":[203],"levels.":[204],"Matching":[205],"was":[207,259],"short":[210,275],"delays,":[211],"but":[212,303],"chance":[215],"between":[218,256],"3.0":[219],"9.0":[221],"s.":[222],"both":[226],"over":[234],"wider":[236],"range":[237],"component":[244,270],"relative":[245],"component.":[250],"difference":[252],"components":[258],"not":[260],"due":[261],"an":[263],"increased":[264],"tendency":[265],"toward":[271],"proactive":[272],"interference":[273],"following":[274],"intervals.":[276],"Thus,":[277],"under":[278],"these":[279],"experimental":[280],"depended":[294],"same":[297],"variables":[298],"(delay":[299],"value),":[302],"nevertheless":[305],"dissociated.":[306]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}