{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008706350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","title":"The effects of human disturbance on Magellanic PenguinSpheniscus magellanicusbehaviour and breeding success","display_name":"The effects of human disturbance on Magellanic PenguinSpheniscus magellanicusbehaviour and breeding success","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008706350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","mag":"2008706350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0959270900002410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DA362AC30C80E49AE4EB6E3E5B0705AC/S0959270900002410a.pdf/div-class-title-the-effects-of-human-disturbance-on-magellanic-penguin-span-class-italic-spheniscus-magellanicus-span-behaviour-and-breeding-success-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194129668","display_name":"Bird Conservation International","issn_l":"0959-2709","issn":["0959-2709","1474-0001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bird Conservation International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DA362AC30C80E49AE4EB6E3E5B0705AC/S0959270900002410a.pdf/div-class-title-the-effects-of-human-disturbance-on-magellanic-penguin-span-class-italic-spheniscus-magellanicus-span-behaviour-and-breeding-success-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000087420","display_name":"Pablo Yorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-1649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-1649"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Yorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wildlife Conservation International, The Bronx Zoo, New York 10460, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Conservation International, The Bronx Zoo, New York 10460, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006525769","display_name":"Patricia Dee Boersma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8644-6059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8644-6059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Dee Boersma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Environmental Studies and Department of Zoology, FM-12, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Environmental Studies and Department of Zoology, FM-12, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2048,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74831126,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"161","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10089","display_name":"Avian ecology and behavior","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10089","display_name":"Avian ecology and behavior","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10659","display_name":"Marine animal studies overview","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magellanic-penguin","display_name":"Magellanic penguin","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spheniscus-magellanicus","display_name":"Spheniscus magellanicus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-disturbance","display_name":"human disturbance","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism","display_name":"tourism","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breeding-success","display_name":"breeding success","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nest-abandonment","display_name":"nest abandonment","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incubation","display_name":"incubation","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-tolerance","display_name":"human tolerance","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patagonian-coast","display_name":"Patagonian coast","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourist-visitation","display_name":"tourist visitation","score":0.4830000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5153798460960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.506393551826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.47937658429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59659247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11990","display_name":"Reproduction","level":2,"score":0.41299504041671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.34051430225372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.32093706727027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.30424678325653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.06881183385848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0959270900002410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DA362AC30C80E49AE4EB6E3E5B0705AC/S0959270900002410a.pdf/div-class-title-the-effects-of-human-disturbance-on-magellanic-penguin-span-class-italic-spheniscus-magellanicus-span-behaviour-and-breeding-success-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194129668","display_name":"Bird Conservation International","issn_l":"0959-2709","issn":["0959-2709","1474-0001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bird Conservation International","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0959270900002410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002410","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DA362AC30C80E49AE4EB6E3E5B0705AC/S0959270900002410a.pdf/div-class-title-the-effects-of-human-disturbance-on-magellanic-penguin-span-class-italic-spheniscus-magellanicus-span-behaviour-and-breeding-success-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194129668","display_name":"Bird Conservation International","issn_l":"0959-2709","issn":["0959-2709","1474-0001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bird Conservation International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2008706350.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2008706350.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53044626","https://openalex.org/W63388252","https://openalex.org/W85066059","https://openalex.org/W128300169","https://openalex.org/W180451528","https://openalex.org/W185250256","https://openalex.org/W202271923","https://openalex.org/W206877852","https://openalex.org/W412221201","https://openalex.org/W561785729","https://openalex.org/W811690407","https://openalex.org/W1501513488","https://openalex.org/W1588599659","https://openalex.org/W1972103653","https://openalex.org/W1974215099","https://openalex.org/W1987485310","https://openalex.org/W1990554913","https://openalex.org/W2020582002","https://openalex.org/W2037048105","https://openalex.org/W2040747296","https://openalex.org/W2044277787","https://openalex.org/W2049447628","https://openalex.org/W2060105516","https://openalex.org/W2071809466","https://openalex.org/W2312296982","https://openalex.org/W2319512845","https://openalex.org/W2335005553","https://openalex.org/W2477688975","https://openalex.org/W2492153195","https://openalex.org/W2619079105","https://openalex.org/W2797690846","https://openalex.org/W3042647244","https://openalex.org/W3202416335","https://openalex.org/W4214809929","https://openalex.org/W4384165527","https://openalex.org/W4413066127","https://openalex.org/W7002466137"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W234053825","https://openalex.org/W1985609284","https://openalex.org/W7065719344","https://openalex.org/W1991628036","https://openalex.org/W2159128398","https://openalex.org/W2130693462","https://openalex.org/W2604814472","https://openalex.org/W7052643421","https://openalex.org/W2016793369","https://openalex.org/W7112959919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Summary":[0],"Magellanic":[1,35,92],"PenguinsSpheniscus":[2],"magellanicusalong":[3],"the":[4,22,30,59,86,105],"Patagonian":[5],"coast,":[6],"Argentina,":[7,139],"are":[8,127],"increasingly":[9],"exposed":[10],"to":[11,15,43,95,110],"human":[12,25,44,99],"activities,":[13],"especially":[14],"a":[16,47,142,182,243,272],"growing":[17],"tourist":[18,60,87,106],"industry.":[19],"We":[20,116],"quantified":[21],"effects":[23],"of":[24,34,98],"visitation":[26,118],"and":[27,32,55,80,89,101],"disturbance":[28],"on":[29],"behaviour":[31],"breeding":[33,103],"Penguins.":[36],"Nesting":[37],"penguins":[38,74,102],"differed":[39],"in":[40,58,63,85,104],"their":[41,76,114],"response":[42],"approach,":[45],"allowing":[46],"significantly":[48],"closer":[49],"approach":[50],"before":[51],"responding":[52],"with":[53,122],"threat":[54],"defensive":[56],"displays":[57],"area":[61,88,107],"than":[62],"areas":[64],"rarely":[65],"visited":[66],"by":[67],"people.":[68],"When":[69],"approached":[70],"during":[71],"incubation,":[72],"no":[73,218],"abandoned":[75],"nest.":[77],"Breeding":[78],"success":[79],"fledgling":[81],"weights":[82],"were":[83],"similar":[84],"non-tourist":[90],"areas.":[91],"Penguins":[93],"appear":[94],"be":[96,120],"tolerant":[97],"visitation,":[100],"become":[108],"accustomed":[109],"people":[111],"walking":[112],"among":[113],"nests.":[115],"suggest":[117],"may":[119],"compatible":[121],"penguin":[123],"reproduction":[124],"if":[125],"visits":[126],"controlled.":[128],"El":[129,227,252],"Ping\u00fcino":[130,253],"de":[131,137,150,159,171,192,216,225,233,254,290],"MagallanesSpheniscus":[132],"magellanicusde":[133],"las":[134,143,160,282,296],"costas":[135],"patag\u00f3nicas":[136],"la":[138,151,172,183,214,249,258,288,291],"esta":[140],"expuesto":[141],"crecientes":[144],"actividades":[145],"humanas,":[146],"especialmente":[147],"el":[148,167,223,238,267],"aumento":[149],"demanda":[152],"turistica.":[153],"Se":[154],"han":[155],"cuantificado":[156],"los":[157,201,231,234,273],"efectos":[158],"visitas":[161,283],"y":[162,169,230,247,262,294],"molestias":[163],"del":[164,260],"hombre":[165],"en":[166,178,197,203,220,242,248,266],"comportamiento":[168],"reproducci\u00f3n":[170,289],"especie.":[173],"Los":[174],"ping\u00fcinos":[175],"mostraron":[176],"diferencias":[177],"su":[179],"respuesta":[180],"frent":[181],"proximidad":[184,211],"humana,":[185],"permitiendo":[186],"un":[187],"acercamiento":[188],"signifi-cativamente":[189],"mayor":[190],"antes":[191],"responder":[193],"con":[194,205,287],"actitudes":[195],"defensivas":[196],"\u00e1reas":[198],"frecuentadas":[199],"por":[200],"turistas":[202],"comparicion":[204],"aquellas":[206],"rara":[207],"vez":[208],"visitadas.":[209],"La":[210],"humana":[212],"durante":[213],"\u00e9poca":[215],"incubaci\u00f3n":[217],"supuso":[219],"ninguna":[221],"ocasi\u00f3n":[222],"abandono":[224],"nidos.":[226,279],"\u00e9xito":[228],"reproductive":[229],"pesos":[232],"j\u00f3venes":[235],"al":[236],"abandonar":[237],"nido":[239],"resultaron":[240],"similares":[241],"l":[244],"zona":[245],"tur\u00edstica":[246],"menos":[250],"frecuentada.":[251],"Magallanes":[255],"parece":[256],"tolerar":[257],"presencia":[259],"hombre,":[261],"aquellos":[263],"que":[264,275,281],"nidifican":[265],"\u00e1rea":[268],"turistica":[269],"se":[270],"habit\u00faan":[271],"visitantes":[274],"caminan":[276],"entre":[277],"sus":[278],"Sugerimos":[280],"pueden":[284],"ser":[285],"compatibles":[286],"especie":[292],"siempre":[293],"cuando":[295],"mismas":[297],"est\u00e9n":[298],"controladas.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}