{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008703206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","title":"Geostatistical Mapping of Precipitation from Rain Gauge Data Using Atmospheric and Terrain Characteristics","display_name":"Geostatistical Mapping of Precipitation from Rain Gauge Data Using Atmospheric and Terrain Characteristics","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008703206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","mag":"2008703206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194984","display_name":"Journal of applied meteorology","issn_l":"0021-8952","issn":["0021-8952","0894-8763","1520-0450","2163-534X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/0035507634","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034901180","display_name":"Phaedon C. Kyriakidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-8567","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-8567"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phaedon C. Kyriakidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Regional Climate Center, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Regional Climate Center, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674636","display_name":"Jinwon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2364-7494","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2364-7494"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Regional Climate Center, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Regional Climate Center, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080328321","display_name":"Norman L. Miller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norman L. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Regional Climate Center, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Regional Climate Center, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1694,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85371984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"11","first_page":"1855","last_page":"1877"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall-mapping","display_name":"rainfall mapping","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rain-gauge-data","display_name":"rain gauge data","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-interpolation","display_name":"spatial interpolation","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"kriging","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orographic-precipitation","display_name":"orographic precipitation","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-humidity","display_name":"specific humidity","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind","display_name":"wind","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain-elevation","display_name":"terrain elevation","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"digital elevation model","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ncep-ncar-reanalysis","display_name":"NCEP/NCAR reanalysis","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-linear-regression","display_name":"multiple linear regression","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-validation","display_name":"cross-validation","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall-variability","display_name":"rainfall variability","score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-california","display_name":"Northern California","score":0.8090000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.6492639780044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.6422324180603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6262116432189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.6195263266563416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120961793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190052","display_name":"Rain gauge","level":3,"score":0.6137062311172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134295995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506685","display_name":"Orographic lift","level":3,"score":0.6127628087997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203332170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6334079","display_name":"Multivariate interpolation","level":3,"score":0.5937671065330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5566436648368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5343643426895142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.516288697719574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.4486442506313324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.4452141225337982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3324092626571655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26393646001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.16180413961410522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16093456745147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15246480703353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.09356537461280823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09085777401924133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205203396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612143","display_name":"Bilinear interpolation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1855:gmopfr>2.0.co;2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194984","display_name":"Journal of applied meteorology","issn_l":"0021-8952","issn":["0021-8952","0894-8763","1520-0450","2163-534X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ktisis.cut.ac.cy:20.500.14279/14399","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/0035507634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400897","display_name":"Ktisis at Cyprus University of Technology (Cyprus University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","host_organization_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"mag:57432677","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/789137-geostatistical-mapping-precipitation-using-atmospheric-terrain-characteristics","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Meteorology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ktisis.cut.ac.cy:20.500.14279/14399","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/0035507634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400897","display_name":"Ktisis at Cyprus University of Technology (Cyprus University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","host_organization_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1823032471","https://openalex.org/W1963814228","https://openalex.org/W1968999578","https://openalex.org/W1971259365","https://openalex.org/W1974297865","https://openalex.org/W1977816647","https://openalex.org/W1984955620","https://openalex.org/W2001617852","https://openalex.org/W2002496920","https://openalex.org/W2004286110","https://openalex.org/W2012090224","https://openalex.org/W2027792629","https://openalex.org/W2035989749","https://openalex.org/W2041863660","https://openalex.org/W2050551931","https://openalex.org/W2051524684","https://openalex.org/W2051774590","https://openalex.org/W2052469867","https://openalex.org/W2072833115","https://openalex.org/W2075816546","https://openalex.org/W2089345903","https://openalex.org/W2093071314","https://openalex.org/W2095278437","https://openalex.org/W2096835869","https://openalex.org/W2103330243","https://openalex.org/W2116519870","https://openalex.org/W2126909335","https://openalex.org/W2143022286","https://openalex.org/W2144051257","https://openalex.org/W2171646358","https://openalex.org/W2173251738","https://openalex.org/W2176478590","https://openalex.org/W2180733263","https://openalex.org/W2573715514","https://openalex.org/W2579594096","https://openalex.org/W2891163915","https://openalex.org/W3138949179","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300025484"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W188482582","https://openalex.org/W141167374","https://openalex.org/W2592634072","https://openalex.org/W2144051257","https://openalex.org/W7097452273","https://openalex.org/W2068845516","https://openalex.org/W7096525122","https://openalex.org/W7153163252","https://openalex.org/W3182234408","https://openalex.org/W2116315150"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,94],"geostatistical":[1,221],"framework":[2,222],"for":[3,38,45,67,136,163,171],"integrating":[4],"lower-atmosphere":[5,89],"state":[6,20],"variables":[7,21],"and":[8,26,41,56,112,202,216,272,280],"terrain":[9,54,217],"characteristics":[10,90,205],"into":[11],"the":[12,35,42,74,86,140,153,158,165,172,203,230,257,260,265,269,274],"spatial":[13,147,204,231,266],"interpolation":[14,148,193],"of":[15,76,88,97,118,130,146,155,157,168,199,206,214,229,233,249,259,268,276],"rainfall":[16,70,113,119,234,279],"is":[17,100,121],"presented.":[18],"Lower-atmosphere":[19],"considered":[22,162],"are":[23,65,161,195],"specific":[24],"humidity":[25],"wind,":[27],"derived":[28,122],"from":[29,34,59,139,174],"an":[30],"assimilated":[31],"data":[32],"product":[33],"National":[36,43],"Centers":[37],"Environmental":[39],"Prediction":[40],"Center":[44],"Atmospheric":[46],"Research":[47],"(NCEP-NCAR":[48],"reanalysis).":[49],"These":[50],"variables,":[51],"along":[52],"with":[53,91],"elevation":[55,63],"its":[57,281],"gradient":[58],"a":[60,103,128,183,220],"1-km-resolution":[61],"digital":[62],"model,":[64],"used":[66],"constructing":[68],"additional":[69],"predictors,":[71],"such":[72],"as":[73],"amount":[75],"moisture":[77],"subject":[78],"to":[79,125,178,225],"orographic":[80],"lifting;":[81],"these":[82],"latter":[83,251],"predictors":[84],"quantify":[85],"interaction":[87],"local":[92,137],"terrain.":[93],"\"first-guess\"":[95],"field":[96,129],"precipitation":[98,170,270],"estimates":[99,120],"constructed":[101],"via":[102],"multiple":[104],"regression":[105],"model":[106],"using":[107],"collocated":[108],"rain":[109,244,261],"gauge":[110,245,262],"observations":[111],"predictors.":[114,282],"The":[115,191,209,247],"final":[116],"map":[117],"by":[123],"adding":[124],"this":[126,250],"initial":[127],"spatially":[131],"interpolated":[132],"residuals,":[133],"which":[134,150],"accounts":[135],"deviations":[138],"regression-based":[141],"first-guess":[142,159],"field.":[143],"Several":[144],"forms":[145],"(kriging),":[149],"differ":[151],"in":[152,185,197,219,238],"degree":[154,275],"complexity":[156],"field,":[160,271],"mapping":[164],"seasonal":[166],"average":[167],"daily":[169],"period":[173],"1":[175],"November":[176],"1981":[177],"31":[179],"January":[180],"1982":[181],"over":[182],"region":[184],"northern":[186],"California":[187],"at":[188],"1-km":[189],"resolution.":[190],"different":[192],"schemes":[194],"compared":[196],"terms":[198],"cross-validation":[200,207],"statistics":[201],"errors.":[208],"results":[210],"indicate":[211],"that":[212],"integration":[213],"low-atmosphere":[215],"information":[218],"could":[223],"lead":[224],"more":[226],"accurate":[227],"representations":[228],"distribution":[232],"than":[235],"those":[236],"found":[237],"traditional":[239],"analyses":[240],"based":[241],"only":[242],"on":[243,256,264,273],"data.":[246],"magnitude":[248],"improvement,":[252],"however,":[253],"would":[254],"depend":[255],"density":[258],"stations,":[263],"variability":[267],"correlation":[277],"between":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}