{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008697179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","title":"Mie Theory Evaluation of Species Contributions to 1990 Wintertime Visibility Reduction in the Grand Canyon","display_name":"Mie Theory Evaluation of Species Contributions to 1990 Wintertime Visibility Reduction in the Grand Canyon","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008697179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","mag":"2008697179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186842","display_name":"Air & Waste","issn_l":"1073-161X","issn":["1073-161X","2374-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Air &amp; Waste","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xinqiu Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273165","display_name":"South Coast Air Quality Management District","ror":"https://ror.org/05cphtt40","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinqiu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA","S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072961226","display_name":"Barbara J. Turpin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-4187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-4187"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273165","display_name":"South Coast Air Quality Management District","ror":"https://ror.org/05cphtt40","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara J. Turpin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA","S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012769140","display_name":"Peter H. McMurry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-5131","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-5131"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273165","display_name":"South Coast Air Quality Management District","ror":"https://ror.org/05cphtt40","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter H. McMurry","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA","S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059868424","display_name":"Susanne V. Hering","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-310X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-310X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141716","display_name":"Aerosol Dynamics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047mw6m75","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273165","display_name":"South Coast Air Quality Management District","ror":"https://ror.org/05cphtt40","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanne V. Hering","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerosol Dynamics, Berkeley, California, USA","S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerosol Dynamics, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010476360","display_name":"Mark R. Stolzenburg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5528-6646","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5528-6646"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141716","display_name":"Aerosol Dynamics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047mw6m75","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273165","display_name":"South Coast Air Quality Management District","ror":"https://ror.org/05cphtt40","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark R. Stolzenburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerosol Dynamics, Berkeley, California, USA","S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerosol Dynamics, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. Coast Air Quality Mgmt. District","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.361,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96127886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"2","first_page":"153","last_page":"162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.030400000512599945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-visibility","display_name":"low visibility","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pm2-5","display_name":"PM2.5","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-scattering","display_name":"light scattering","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering-efficiency","display_name":"scattering efficiency","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mie-theory","display_name":"Mie theory","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonaceous-aerosols","display_name":"carbonaceous aerosols","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfate-aerosols","display_name":"sulfate aerosols","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonium-sulfate","display_name":"ammonium sulfate","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hygroscopicity","display_name":"hygroscopicity","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-humidity","display_name":"relative humidity","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size-distribution","display_name":"particle size distribution","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-dust","display_name":"soil dust","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate","display_name":"nitrate","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-transportation","display_name":"regional transport","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grand-canyon","display_name":"Grand Canyon","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158960510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Relative humidity","level":2,"score":0.6053985953330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63688654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901737","display_name":"Mie scattering","level":4,"score":0.5754917860031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.5306110978126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.48946821689605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780925461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191831","display_name":"Ammonium sulfate","level":2,"score":0.4798019230365753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778343803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172290","display_name":"Sulfate","level":2,"score":0.47925448417663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4754473865032196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.4697171747684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4649582803249359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.43620407581329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4257954955101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518881349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682","display_name":"Sulfur","level":2,"score":0.42379170656204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.35562652349472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3336879014968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3201814293861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120456961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Light scattering","level":3,"score":0.23778170347213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.21516889333724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2117886245250702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18796783685684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.16254302859306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.1198139488697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10833609104156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10169601440429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.06367602944374084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186842","display_name":"Air & Waste","issn_l":"1073-161X","issn":["1073-161X","2374-7625"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Air &amp; Waste","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5351999998092651,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310509","display_name":"Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqztz06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332542","display_name":"National Park Service","ror":"https://ror.org/044zqqy65"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984381810","https://openalex.org/W2130413170","https://openalex.org/W2027656194","https://openalex.org/W1988021838","https://openalex.org/W2078006822","https://openalex.org/W1982054105","https://openalex.org/W2048160831","https://openalex.org/W1963748232","https://openalex.org/W4282928352","https://openalex.org/W2004457468"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contributions":[0],"of":[1,17,49,61,76,125,168,208,235,238],"the":[2,25,88,131,147,150,159,166,250,260],"major":[3,160],"fine":[4,161],"particle":[5,21,63,105,137,162],"species":[6,163],"to":[7,56,67,120,140,175,245],"light":[8],"scattering":[9,47,95,114,176,225],"were":[10,203,231],"evaluated":[11],"using":[12],"Mie":[13],"theory":[14],"from":[15,35,54,117,241],"measurements":[16],"sizeresolved":[18],"chemistry":[19],"and":[20,102,107,173,181,185,194],"hygroscopicity":[22],"obtained":[23],"during":[24,146,153,206],"1990":[26,38],"NGS":[27],"Visibility":[28],"Study":[29],"at":[30],"Hopi":[31,246],"Point,":[32],"Grand":[33],"Canyon,":[34],"January":[36],"9,":[37],"through":[39],"March":[40],"31,":[41],"1990.":[42],"It":[43],"was":[44,144],"found":[45,205],"that":[46,93,108,143],"efficiencies":[48,96,115,226,254],"participate":[50],"carbon":[51,62,70],"mass":[52,64,198,221],"ranged":[53],"1.5":[55,79,119],"8":[57],"m2":[58,122],"per":[59,123],"gram":[60,124],"(assumed":[65],"equal":[66],"1.4":[68],"times":[69,258],"mass),":[71],"with":[72],"an":[73],"average":[74,186],"value":[75],"5.4":[77],"\u00b1":[78],"m2/g.":[80],"Sulfur":[81,197],"size":[82,138,155],"distributions,":[83],"which":[84,154],"are":[85,164,177,190],"available":[86],"for":[87,158,227,233,249,255],"entire":[89],"80-day":[90],"study,":[91],"show":[92],"sulfate":[94],"depend":[97],"on":[98,103],"both":[99],"relative":[100,210],"humidity":[101,216],"median":[104,135,199,222],"size,":[106],"\u201cdry\u201d":[109],"(RH":[110],"<60":[111],"percent)":[112],"sulfur":[113,136,220],"range":[116,129],"about":[118],"4.5":[121],"ammonium":[126],"sulfate.":[127],"This":[128],"reflects":[130],"wide":[132],"variability":[133],"in":[134],"(0.07":[139],"0.66":[141],"urn)":[142],"observed":[145],"study.":[148],"For":[149],"20-day":[151],"period":[152],"distribution":[156],"data":[157],"available,":[165],"contributions":[167,189],"soil":[169],"dust,":[170],"carbon,":[171],"sulfates,":[172],"nitrates":[174],"0.38,":[178],"5.0,":[179],"4.8,":[180],"0.7":[182],"Mm\u22121":[183],"respectively,":[184],"daily":[187],"percentage":[188],"4.2,":[191],"50.1,":[192],"38.5,":[193],"6.9":[195],"percent.":[196],"diameters":[200],">0.3":[201],"\u03bcm":[202],"only":[204],"periods":[207,217],"high":[209,215],"humidity,":[211],"but":[212],"not":[213],"all":[214],"had":[218],"large":[219],"diameters.":[223],"Sulfate":[224],">60":[228],"percent":[229],"RH":[230],"smaller":[232],"instances":[234],"direct":[236],"transport":[237,257],"<36":[239],"hr":[240],"Navajo":[242],"Generating":[243],"Station":[244],"Point":[247],"than":[248],"regional":[251,261],"background.":[252,262],"Scattering":[253],"longer":[256],"resembled":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
