{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008607234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/1553-3840.1618","title":"Sphaeranthus indicus Flower Derived Constituents Exhibits Synergistic Effect against Acetylcholinesterase and Possess Potential Antiamnestic Activity","display_name":"Sphaeranthus indicus Flower Derived Constituents Exhibits Synergistic Effect against Acetylcholinesterase and Possess Potential Antiamnestic Activity","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008607234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/1553-3840.1618","mag":"2008607234","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23023564"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/1553-3840.1618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/1553-3840.1618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/1553-3840.1618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186077364","display_name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","issn_l":"1553-3840","issn":["1553-3840","2194-6329"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103431009","display_name":"Mayurkumar B. Patel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105737","display_name":"Atmiya University","ror":"https://ror.org/01cj5hx77","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105737"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayurkumar B. Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmiya Institute of Pharmacy, Rajkot"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmiya Institute of Pharmacy, Rajkot","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009905431","display_name":"Dipa Amin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105737","display_name":"Atmiya University","ror":"https://ror.org/01cj5hx77","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105737"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dipa Amin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmiya Institute of Pharmacy, Rajkot"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmiya Institute of Pharmacy, Rajkot","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105737"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2712},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.431,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64320087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"Article 23","last_page":"Article 23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12023","display_name":"Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases","score":0.7300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12023","display_name":"Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases","score":0.7300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12891","display_name":"Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection","score":0.12020000070333481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11547","display_name":"Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies","score":0.10100000351667404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sphaeranthus-indicus","display_name":"Sphaeranthus indicus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetylcholinesterase-inhibition","display_name":"acetylcholinesterase inhibition","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sesquiterpene-lactones","display_name":"sesquiterpene lactones","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synergistic-effect","display_name":"synergistic effect","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scopolamine-induced-cognitive-impairment","display_name":"scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-impairment","display_name":"memory impairment","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-enhancement","display_name":"cognitive enhancement","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778816929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676679","display_name":"Acetylcholinesterase","level":3,"score":0.8736766576766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779059548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383701","display_name":"Ach\u00e9","level":4,"score":0.8016412258148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31896038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415635","display_name":"Cholinesterase","level":2,"score":0.6032470464706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779243328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424405","display_name":"Sesquiterpene lactone","level":3,"score":0.5765463709831238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776211264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80218","display_name":"Sesquiterpene","level":2,"score":0.5429378151893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.4900432825088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.469242125749588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17077164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185869","display_name":"Inhibitory postsynaptic potential","level":2,"score":0.45466580986976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.44339847564697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.428072988986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775910092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623","display_name":"Acetylcholine","level":2,"score":0.4242267906665802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13260007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3825159","display_name":"Radial arm maze","level":4,"score":0.42109331488609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3234875798225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.28962182998657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.264313668012619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71240020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186011","display_name":"Stereochemistry","level":1,"score":0.23349636793136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.2005983293056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.149293452501297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.14856034517288208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.13973605632781982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.09186848998069763}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000284","descriptor_name":"Administration, Oral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002800","descriptor_name":"Cholinesterase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002800","descriptor_name":"Cholinesterase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004334","descriptor_name":"Drug Administration Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004357","descriptor_name":"Drug Synergism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010936","descriptor_name":"Plant Extracts","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010936","descriptor_name":"Plant Extracts","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010946","descriptor_name":"Plants, Medicinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012601","descriptor_name":"Scopolamine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012717","descriptor_name":"Sesquiterpenes","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012717","descriptor_name":"Sesquiterpenes","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018782","descriptor_name":"Maze Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019659","descriptor_name":"Asteraceae","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020128","descriptor_name":"Inhibitory Concentration 50","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035264","descriptor_name":"Flowers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/1553-3840.1618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/1553-3840.1618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/1553-3840.1618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186077364","display_name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","issn_l":"1553-3840","issn":["1553-3840","2194-6329"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23023564","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23023564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of complementary & integrative medicine","raw_type":"Evaluation Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2268152833","https://openalex.org/W1481373797","https://openalex.org/W2552077790","https://openalex.org/W2961519347","https://openalex.org/W4214771490","https://openalex.org/W4313645749","https://openalex.org/W2052743475","https://openalex.org/W4407190258","https://openalex.org/W1866660801","https://openalex.org/W2007643175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"The":[1,30,42],"present":[2],"investigation":[3],"was":[4,27,44,181],"aimed":[5],"at":[6],"discovery":[7],"of":[8,19,22,34,66,171,179],"novel":[9],"acetylcholinesterase":[10],"(AChE)":[11],"inhibitors.":[12],"METHODS:":[13],"In":[14,60],"vitro":[15,57],"AchE":[16,162],"inhibitory":[17,163],"activity":[18],"various":[20],"extracts":[21],"Sphaeranthus":[23],"indicus":[24,36,136],"flower":[25],"heads":[26],"carried":[28],"out.":[29],"petroleum":[31],"ether":[32],"fraction":[33,43],"S.":[35,135],"flowers":[37],"(SIPE)":[38],"exhibited":[39],"significant":[40],"activity.":[41,144,164],"found":[45],"to":[46,138,183],"be":[47,189],"rich":[48],"in":[49,56,68,94,108,115,123,169],"sesquiterpene":[50,140,147],"lactone":[51],"content":[52],"possibly":[53],"responsible":[54],"for":[55,161,191],"AChE":[58],"inhibition.":[59],"further":[61],"study,":[62],"the":[63,71,116,120,124],"antiamnesic":[64],"activities":[65,186],"SIPE":[67,85,158,180],"mice":[69,95],"on":[70],"learning":[72],"and":[73,111,159],"memory":[74],"impairments":[75,93],"induced":[76],"by":[77,96],"scopolamine":[78],"(1.0":[79],"mg/kg,":[80,87],"i.p.)":[81],"were":[82,155,167],"examined.":[83],"RESULTS:":[84],"(10":[86],"p.o.)":[88],"administration":[89],"significantly":[90],"reversed":[91],"cognitive":[92,192],"passive":[97],"avoidance":[98],"test":[99],"(P":[100,128],"<":[101,129],"0.05).":[102,130],"It":[103],"also":[104],"reduced":[105],"escape":[106],"latencies":[107],"training":[109],"trials":[110],"prolonged":[112],"swimming":[113],"times":[114],"target":[117],"quadrant":[118],"during":[119],"probe":[121],"trial":[122],"water":[125],"maze":[126],"task":[127],"These":[131],"results":[132,166],"indicated":[133],"that":[134,187],"due":[137],"its":[139],"lactones":[141],"have":[142,184],"anti-cholinesterase":[143],"A":[145],"major":[146],"lactone,":[148],"7-hydroxy":[149],"frullanolide":[150],"along":[151],"with":[152],"other":[153],"constituents":[154,178],"isolated":[156,172],"from":[157],"evaluated":[160],"Negative":[165],"obtained":[168],"case":[170],"compounds.":[173],"CONCLUSION:":[174],"Synergistic":[175],"effect":[176],"between":[177],"confirmed":[182],"anti-amnesic":[185],"may":[188],"useful":[190],"impairment":[193],"treatment.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}