{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008423093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","title":"Application of the Ambulatory Care Groups in the Primary Care of a European National Health Care System","display_name":"Application of the Ambulatory Care Groups in the Primary Care of a European National Health Care System","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008423093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","mag":"2008423093","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10098568"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79233773","display_name":"Medical Care","issn_l":"0025-7079","issn":["0025-7079","1537-1948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-3","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036148229","display_name":"Juan F. Orueta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-636X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-636X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125364","display_name":"Osakidetza","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7qcb42","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan F. Orueta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Astrabud\u00faa Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain. joruetam@dasv.es","From the Astrabud\u00faa Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain","Juan F. Orueta, MD, Primary Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud, Luis Power 18, E-48014 Bilbao, Spain. E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Astrabud\u00faa Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain. joruetam@dasv.es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Astrabud\u00faa Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juan F. Orueta, MD, Primary Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud, Luis Power 18, E-48014 Bilbao, Spain. E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004940973","display_name":"Josefina L\u00f3pez de Munain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125364","display_name":"Osakidetza","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7qcb42","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josefina Lopez-De-Munain","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Primary Health Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Osakidetza/Basque Service, Bizkaia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Primary Health Care Research Unit of Bizkaia, Osakidetza/Basque Service, Bizkaia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067061863","display_name":"Koldo B\u00e1ez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125364","display_name":"Osakidetza","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7qcb42","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koldo B\u00e1ez","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Derio Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Derio Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008750484","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Aiarzag\u00fcena","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125364","display_name":"Osakidetza","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7qcb42","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose M. Aiarzaguena","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Ignacio Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Ignacio Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030413328","display_name":"Jon I. Aranguren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125364","display_name":"Osakidetza","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7qcb42","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon I. Aranguren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lutxana-Barakaldo Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lutxana-Barakaldo Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049463544","display_name":"Eduardo Fonseca\u2010Pedrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7453-5225","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7453-5225"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125364","display_name":"Osakidetza","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7qcb42","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Pedrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Ignacio Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Ignacio Health Center, Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Bizkaia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036148229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125364"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1849,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9749236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"3","first_page":"238","last_page":"248"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11590","display_name":"Primary Care and Health Outcomes","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11590","display_name":"Primary Care and Health Outcomes","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12246","display_name":"Chronic Disease Management Strategies","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-mix-classification","display_name":"case-mix classification","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care-utilization","display_name":"primary care utilization","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-morbidity","display_name":"patient morbidity","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-workload","display_name":"physician workload","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-health-care-system","display_name":"national health care system","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bizkaia","display_name":"Vizcaya","score":0.7789999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7300726175308228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124306116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2512965","display_name":"Ambulatory care","level":3,"score":0.6745596528053284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.6252696514129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5854208469390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5715909600257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5657179355621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.5477367043495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5176661610603333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88579808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046955","display_name":"Case mix index","level":2,"score":0.43412578105926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.4309224486351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.37176185846328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.16423746943473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08461058139801025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000553","descriptor_name":"Ambulatory Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003953","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis-Related Groups","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003953","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis-Related Groups","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005062","descriptor_name":"European Union","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006302","descriptor_name":"Health Services Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009017","descriptor_name":"Morbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013030","descriptor_name":"Spain","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017678","descriptor_name":"Sex Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199903000-00004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79233773","display_name":"Medical Care","issn_l":"0025-7079","issn":["0025-7079","1537-1948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-3","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10098568","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10098568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical care","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W930166","https://openalex.org/W123900989","https://openalex.org/W1568700290","https://openalex.org/W1639378237","https://openalex.org/W1986229129","https://openalex.org/W1988696195","https://openalex.org/W1997433963","https://openalex.org/W2029875482","https://openalex.org/W2044968728","https://openalex.org/W2046325484","https://openalex.org/W2055675683","https://openalex.org/W2079132354","https://openalex.org/W2080715378","https://openalex.org/W2083807323","https://openalex.org/W2398770492","https://openalex.org/W2402292178","https://openalex.org/W4256337194"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992827216","https://openalex.org/W2019402147","https://openalex.org/W1967834248","https://openalex.org/W2055675683","https://openalex.org/W2414648713","https://openalex.org/W2106929413","https://openalex.org/W2080715378","https://openalex.org/W2147962381","https://openalex.org/W4385473972","https://openalex.org/W2400275984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Ambulatory":[1,187],"Care":[2],"Groups":[3,189],"(ACGs),":[4],"a":[5,29,58,88,112,226,245],"US":[6],"case-mix":[7,223],"system":[8,62,224],"that":[9,132,175],"uses":[10],"the":[11,14,37,41,51,64,103,123,143,160,164,184,186,195,199,210,215,234,237],"patient":[12],"as":[13],"unit":[15],"of":[16,32,43,53,114,122,142,183,197,236,239],"analysis,":[17],"is":[18,176,225],"particularly":[19],"appropriate":[20],"for":[21,50,180,229],"health":[22,60,79,212,241,248],"care":[23,55,61,80,157,242],"systems":[24],"in":[25,57,82,145,209,233,244],"which":[26,40],"physicians":[27,75],"serve":[28],"defined":[30],"list":[31],"patients.":[33],"OBJECTIVE:":[34],"To":[35],"determine":[36],"extent":[38],"to":[39,46,73,102,155,163,205,217],"categorization":[42],"patients":[44,117],"according":[45],"ACGs":[47,124,165,222],"would":[48],"account":[49],"utilization":[52],"primary":[54,78,156,211,240],"services":[56,243],"national":[59,247],"within":[63],"European":[65,246],"Union.":[66],"METHODS:":[67],"Of":[68],"all":[69],"subjects":[70],"continuously":[71],"assigned":[72,110],"9":[74],"from":[76],"public":[77],"centers":[81],"Bizkaia,":[83],"Basque":[84],"Country":[85],"(Spain)":[86],"over":[87],"12-month":[89],"period,":[90],"those":[91],"visited":[92],"at":[93],"least":[94],"once":[95],"(n":[96],"=":[97],"9,093)":[98],"were":[99,118],"included.":[100],"According":[101],"subject's":[104],"age,":[105],"sex,":[106],"and":[107,134,151,169,172,178,202,214],"ICD-9-CM":[108],"diagnoses":[109],"during":[111],"year":[113],"patient-provider":[115],"encounters,":[116],"classified":[119],"by":[120,149,153],"means":[121],"system.":[125,249],"RESULTS:":[126],"Multiple":[127],"linear":[128],"regression":[129],"analyses":[130],"indicated":[131],"age":[133,201],"sex":[135,203],"did":[136],"not":[137],"explain":[138],"more":[139],"than":[140],"7.1%":[141],"variance":[144],"annual":[146],"visits":[147],"made":[148],"adults":[150],"25.7%":[152],"children":[154],"physicians.":[158],"However,":[159],"r2":[161],"adjusted":[162],"model":[166],"was":[167],"50%":[168],"48%,":[170],"respectively,":[171],"even":[173],"higher,":[174],"58%":[177],"64%":[179],"another":[181],"component":[182],"system,":[185],"Diagnostic":[188],"(ADGs).":[190],"CONCLUSIONS:":[191],"Those":[192],"results":[193],"support":[194],"inadequacy":[196],"using":[198],"patient's":[200],"alone":[204],"estimate":[206],"physicians'":[207],"workload":[208],"setting":[213],"need":[216],"consider":[218],"morbidity":[219,232],"categories.":[220],"The":[221],"useful":[227],"tool":[228],"incorporating":[230],"patients'":[231],"explanation":[235],"use":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
