{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008403290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","title":"Distinguishability and Indistinguishability by Local Operations and Classical Communication","display_name":"Distinguishability and Indistinguishability by Local Operations and Classical Communication","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008403290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","mag":"2008403290","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15169195"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0311026","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100703985","display_name":"Heng Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-2449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-2449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086780","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heng Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantum Computation and Information Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Daini Hongo White Building 201, Hongo 5-28-3, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantum Computation and Information Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Daini Hongo White Building 201, Hongo 5-28-3, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100703985"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4392,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":215,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9652841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"92","issue":"17","first_page":"177905","last_page":"177905"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-distinguishability","display_name":"local distinguishability","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-indistinguishability","display_name":"local indistinguishability","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-operations-and-classical-communication","display_name":"local operations and classical communication","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-state-discrimination","display_name":"quantum state discrimination","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximally-entangled-states","display_name":"maximally entangled states","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/werner-states","display_name":"Werner states","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separable-states","display_name":"separable states","score":0.6949999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105141246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6459475","display_name":"LOCC","level":4,"score":0.9237402677536011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6235318183898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110340908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131594","display_name":"Pauli exclusion principle","level":2,"score":0.5600115656852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5187276005744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5168500542640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.4820307493209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4357047975063324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3966822028160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.3898661136627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.342164009809494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32201087474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2445387840270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.92.177905","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24807848","display_name":"Physical Review Letters","issn_l":"0031-9007","issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114","1092-0145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15169195","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15169195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/0311026","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0311026","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0311026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:681768","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/681768","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0311026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0311026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0311026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/0311026","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0311026","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0311026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7599999904632568}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483698584","https://openalex.org/W1556265897","https://openalex.org/W1849243312","https://openalex.org/W1853368774","https://openalex.org/W1966949903","https://openalex.org/W1973929994","https://openalex.org/W1974293884","https://openalex.org/W1994599332","https://openalex.org/W2004692749","https://openalex.org/W2025537762","https://openalex.org/W2026999464","https://openalex.org/W2036901841","https://openalex.org/W2038054480","https://openalex.org/W2060887031","https://openalex.org/W2079503315","https://openalex.org/W2086483474","https://openalex.org/W2092971644","https://openalex.org/W2141140927","https://openalex.org/W2153095366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214864353","https://openalex.org/W1987898811","https://openalex.org/W3100784320","https://openalex.org/W3184761167","https://openalex.org/W1578524876","https://openalex.org/W3196723278","https://openalex.org/W2566118479","https://openalex.org/W2375320666","https://openalex.org/W2375194035","https://openalex.org/W2019760516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1],"well":[2],"known":[3],"that":[4,16,40,100],"orthogonal":[5,18],"quantum":[6,19,32,46],"states":[7,20,33,47,75,103],"can":[8],"be":[9,35,56],"distinguished":[10],"perfectly.":[11],"However,":[12],"if":[13,82],"we":[14,98],"assume":[15],"these":[17,30,93],"are":[21,51,79,88,104],"shared":[22,31],"by":[23,61],"spatially":[24],"separated":[25],"parties,":[26],"the":[27,68],"distinguishability":[28],"of":[29,43],"may":[34],"completely":[36],"different.":[37],"We":[38],"show":[39,99],"a":[41],"set":[42,78],"linearly":[44],"independent":[45],"${({U}_{m,n}\\ensuremath{\\bigotimes}I){\\ensuremath{\\rho}}^{AB}({U}_{m,n}^{\\ifmmode\\dagger\\else\\textdagger\\fi{}}\\ensuremath{\\bigotimes}I){}}_{m,n=0}^{d\\ensuremath{-}1}$,":[48],"where":[49],"${U}_{m,n}$":[50],"generalized":[52],"Pauli":[53],"matrices,":[54],"cannot":[55],"discriminated":[57],"deterministically":[58],"or":[59],"probabilistically":[60],"local":[62],"operations":[63],"and":[64],"classical":[65],"communication.":[66],"On":[67],"other":[69],"hand,":[70],"any":[71],"$l$":[72],"maximally":[73],"entangled":[74],"from":[76],"this":[77],"locally":[80,91,105],"distinguishable":[81],"$l(l\\ensuremath{-}1)\\ensuremath{\\le}2d$.":[83],"The":[84],"explicit":[85],"projecting":[86],"measurements":[87],"obtained":[89],"to":[90],"discriminate":[92],"states.":[94],"As":[95],"an":[96],"example,":[97],"four":[101],"Werner":[102],"indistinguishable.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
