{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008368467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","title":"\u201cCo-Agent of the Millennium\u201d: City Planning and Christian Eschatology in the North American City, 1890\u20131920","display_name":"\u201cCo-Agent of the Millennium\u201d: City Planning and Christian Eschatology in the North American City, 1890\u20131920","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008368467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","mag":"2008368467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152953893","display_name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers","issn_l":"0004-5608","issn":["0004-5608","1467-8306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316476","host_organization_name":"American Association of Geographers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316476"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Geographers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022024105","display_name":"Phillip Gordon Mackintosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-7467","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-7467"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186803428","display_name":"Brock University","ror":"https://ror.org/056am2717","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186803428"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip G. Mackintosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Brock University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Brock University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186803428"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089455792","display_name":"Clyde R. Forsberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152100410","display_name":"Aletheia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ke8ye77","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clyde R. Forsberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English, Oxford College, Aletheia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English, Oxford College, Aletheia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152100410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3901,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88137367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"103","issue":"3","first_page":"727","last_page":"747"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10239","display_name":"Urban Planning and Governance","score":0.5957000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10239","display_name":"Urban Planning and Governance","score":0.5957000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.1647000014781952,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12188","display_name":"Architecture, Modernity, and Design","score":0.07559999823570251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"urban planning","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christian-eschatology","display_name":"Christian eschatology","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postmillennialism","display_name":"postmillennialism","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-gospel","display_name":"social gospel","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-geography","display_name":"urban geography","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-jerusalem","display_name":"New Jerusalem","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-progress","display_name":"social progress","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-american-cities","display_name":"North American cities","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-reform","display_name":"urban reform","score":0.42100000381469727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780816474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170337","display_name":"Eschatology","level":2,"score":0.7548359036445618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.5104233622550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777533384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821102","display_name":"Progressivism","level":3,"score":0.5009040832519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781384534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34274","display_name":"Gospel","level":2,"score":0.4938967823982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.48098599910736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.45801085233688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778154381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105296908","display_name":"Ingenuity","level":2,"score":0.45447641611099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.33774620294570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3054514527320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2764083445072174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.25725433230400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.19388160109519958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.18947890400886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10409149527549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2011.652888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152953893","display_name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers","issn_l":"0004-5608","issn":["0004-5608","1467-8306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316476","host_organization_name":"American Association of Geographers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316476"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Geographers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7646999955177307}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7799999713897705}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":125,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W186825615","https://openalex.org/W561464680","https://openalex.org/W563795791","https://openalex.org/W570591900","https://openalex.org/W572923379","https://openalex.org/W574805547","https://openalex.org/W583031560","https://openalex.org/W597140778","https://openalex.org/W597501390","https://openalex.org/W606550961","https://openalex.org/W612889653","https://openalex.org/W615988735","https://openalex.org/W631843527","https://openalex.org/W640291594","https://openalex.org/W1015878732","https://openalex.org/W1523606508","https://openalex.org/W1529776739","https://openalex.org/W1530103250","https://openalex.org/W1537783865","https://openalex.org/W1538125563","https://openalex.org/W1554254169","https://openalex.org/W1555997300","https://openalex.org/W1566027351","https://openalex.org/W1582148703","https://openalex.org/W1594505298","https://openalex.org/W1597814108","https://openalex.org/W1599916686","https://openalex.org/W1605372617","https://openalex.org/W1608112752","https://openalex.org/W1971067922","https://openalex.org/W1980338245","https://openalex.org/W1986284781","https://openalex.org/W1986807947","https://openalex.org/W1988647997","https://openalex.org/W1989243648","https://openalex.org/W1998761658","https://openalex.org/W1999021105","https://openalex.org/W2000693855","https://openalex.org/W2005667562","https://openalex.org/W2012762237","https://openalex.org/W2012970574","https://openalex.org/W2015600834","https://openalex.org/W2018605989","https://openalex.org/W2024541930","https://openalex.org/W2026935300","https://openalex.org/W2027599660","https://openalex.org/W2027833638","https://openalex.org/W2033472861","https://openalex.org/W2033962219","https://openalex.org/W2038243767","https://openalex.org/W2045658223","https://openalex.org/W2048002868","https://openalex.org/W2049107817","https://openalex.org/W2054639469","https://openalex.org/W2058832180","https://openalex.org/W2061709509","https://openalex.org/W2063201378","https://openalex.org/W2066348421","https://openalex.org/W2070308094","https://openalex.org/W2074885477","https://openalex.org/W2075210467","https://openalex.org/W2075584177","https://openalex.org/W2076346711","https://openalex.org/W2077488255","https://openalex.org/W2078232434","https://openalex.org/W2080164221","https://openalex.org/W2082774538","https://openalex.org/W2085653879","https://openalex.org/W2087319237","https://openalex.org/W2088847962","https://openalex.org/W2092043248","https://openalex.org/W2093780567","https://openalex.org/W2098073278","https://openalex.org/W2098784908","https://openalex.org/W2113761180","https://openalex.org/W2121661954","https://openalex.org/W2123128691","https://openalex.org/W2124945973","https://openalex.org/W2131999900","https://openalex.org/W2133252264","https://openalex.org/W2161255775","https://openalex.org/W2167111643","https://openalex.org/W2297342506","https://openalex.org/W2314203389","https://openalex.org/W2314388535","https://openalex.org/W2314899222","https://openalex.org/W2314941278","https://openalex.org/W2317534095","https://openalex.org/W2322949470","https://openalex.org/W2326823721","https://openalex.org/W2327550796","https://openalex.org/W2328721176","https://openalex.org/W2333141984","https://openalex.org/W2413824144","https://openalex.org/W2522225815","https://openalex.org/W2621403717","https://openalex.org/W2747746887","https://openalex.org/W2792249250","https://openalex.org/W2795419224","https://openalex.org/W2796057598","https://openalex.org/W2905284550","https://openalex.org/W2913833393","https://openalex.org/W3022489754","https://openalex.org/W3135533583","https://openalex.org/W3136862759","https://openalex.org/W3154739585","https://openalex.org/W4230130688","https://openalex.org/W4232737899","https://openalex.org/W4233335381","https://openalex.org/W4238093209","https://openalex.org/W4242251889","https://openalex.org/W4242439429","https://openalex.org/W4247061441","https://openalex.org/W4247549389","https://openalex.org/W4250101496","https://openalex.org/W4250892264","https://openalex.org/W4292932995","https://openalex.org/W4298337359","https://openalex.org/W4299653585","https://openalex.org/W4299657575","https://openalex.org/W4301019358","https://openalex.org/W4301767830","https://openalex.org/W4319588206","https://openalex.org/W4378439589","https://openalex.org/W4385523243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066858368","https://openalex.org/W1551626719","https://openalex.org/W3081558055","https://openalex.org/W7020381958","https://openalex.org/W7205506645","https://openalex.org/W7204404330","https://openalex.org/W2087870468","https://openalex.org/W4249766261","https://openalex.org/W3112813257","https://openalex.org/W2980233364"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"geography":[1,99],"has":[2],"overlooked":[3],"the":[4,9,19,22,27,42,77,98,101,104,122,133,138,158,165],"influence":[5],"of":[6,13,21,30,41,44,76,79,100,110,124],"eschatology":[7],"in":[8,37,49,54,89],"conception":[10],"and":[11,34,69,81,93,107,119,155,164,169,172],"production":[12],"modern":[14],"cities.":[15],"City":[16],"planning":[17,85,162],"at":[18,26],"turn":[20],"twentieth":[23],"century":[24],"imbibed":[25],"plentiful":[28],"well":[29],"liberal":[31],"evangelical":[32],"theology":[33],"its":[35,90],"belief":[36],"a":[38,56,63,86,160,167],"postmillennial":[39],"advent":[40],"\u201cKingdom":[43],"God":[45],"on":[46],"Earth.\u201d":[47],"Foretold":[48],"scripture,":[50],"this":[51],"\u201ckingdom\u201d":[52],"was":[53],"fact":[55],"heavenly":[57],"city":[58,82,84,102,111,125,151],"brought":[59],"down":[60],"to":[61,66,96,121],"earth,":[62],"divine":[64],"corollary":[65],"social":[67,87],"progress":[68],"scientific":[70],"ingenuity.":[71],"Unsurprisingly,":[72],"postmillennialism":[73,118],"informed":[74],"much":[75,139],"progressivism":[78],"reformers":[80],"planners,":[83],"gospel":[88],"own":[91],"right":[92],"best":[94],"qualified":[95],"reconcile":[97],"with":[103],"moral,":[105],"physical,":[106],"spiritual":[108],"life":[109],"people.":[112],"Thus,":[113],"what":[114],"we":[115,147],"call":[116],"professional":[117],"attribute":[120],"efforts":[123],"planners":[126,130],"waxed":[127],"secular:":[128],"Professional":[129],"produced":[131],"not":[132],"hoped-for":[134],"\u201cNew":[135],"Jerusalem\u201d":[136],"but":[137],"maligned":[140],"twentieth-century":[141],"city.":[142],"To":[143],"demonstrate":[144],"our":[145],"thesis":[146],"investigate":[148],"two":[149],"foundational":[150],"planners:":[152],"Charles":[153],"Zueblin":[154],"John":[156],"Nolen,":[157],"former":[159],"respected":[161],"theorist":[163],"latter":[166],"prolific":[168],"celebrated":[170],"practitioner,":[171],"disclose":[173],"both":[174],"as":[175],"discursively":[176],"postmillennial.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}