{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007744669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","title":"The immune response to infection with Treponema pallidum, the stealth pathogen","display_name":"The immune response to infection with Treponema pallidum, the stealth pathogen","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007744669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","mag":"2007744669","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12361913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56361996","display_name":"Microbes and Infection","issn_l":"1286-4579","issn":["1286-4579","1769-714X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbes and Infection","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089648429","display_name":"Juan Carlos Salazar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-546X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-546X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101648","display_name":"Connecticut Children's Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a1jjn24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101648"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan C. Salazar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA. jsalaza@ccmckids.org","Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA","Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA. jsalaza@ccmckids.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053212938","display_name":"Karsten R. O. Hazlett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-7607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-7607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karsten R.O. Hazlett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013263926","display_name":"Justin David Radolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9341-6712","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9341-6712"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin D. Radolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA","Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, MC 3710, University of Connecticut Medical School, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I75929689"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089648429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145","https://openalex.org/I4210101648","https://openalex.org/I75929689"],"apc_list":{"value":3510,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3510},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3729,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":138,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36012862,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"11","first_page":"1133","last_page":"1140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11934","display_name":"Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11934","display_name":"Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treponema-pallidum","display_name":"Treponema pallidum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syphilis","display_name":"syphilis","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-response","display_name":"immune response","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humoral-immunity","display_name":"humoral immunity","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirochetal-infection","display_name":"spirochetal infection","score":0.6510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780187896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134745","display_name":"Treponema","level":4,"score":0.9454460144042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8220819234848022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.7418442368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193419808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645075","display_name":"Acquired immune system","level":3,"score":0.7157483100891113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.7068769931793213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6628889441490173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.5907741189002991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776460866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogen","level":2,"score":0.5794336199760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776548049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142875","display_name":"Humoral immunity","level":3,"score":0.4884771406650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3590043783187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41083","display_name":"Syphilis","level":3,"score":0.16061300039291382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000917","descriptor_name":"Antibody Formation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001768","descriptor_name":"Blister","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001768","descriptor_name":"Blister","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007111","descriptor_name":"Immunity, Cellular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008074","descriptor_name":"Lipoproteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008074","descriptor_name":"Lipoproteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000819","qualifier_name":"agonists","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011110","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013587","descriptor_name":"Syphilis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013587","descriptor_name":"Syphilis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014210","descriptor_name":"Treponema pallidum","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014210","descriptor_name":"Treponema pallidum","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014210","descriptor_name":"Treponema pallidum","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016678","descriptor_name":"Genome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017422","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, DNA","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56361996","display_name":"Microbes and Infection","issn_l":"1286-4579","issn":["1286-4579","1769-714X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbes and Infection","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12361913","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12361913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbes and infection","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01638-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56361996","display_name":"Microbes and Infection","issn_l":"1286-4579","issn":["1286-4579","1769-714X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbes and Infection","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G244061042","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI-10573","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2655221040","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"M01RR006192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G313293622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI26756","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4115226742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI 38894","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8537870888","display_name":"Cutaneous Immune Response in Early Syphilis","funder_award_id":"R01AI038894","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8716710816","display_name":"TRACE METAL ACQUISTION BY TREPONEMA PALLIDUM","funder_award_id":"F32AI010573","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306313","display_name":"Patrick and Catherine Weldon Donaghue Medical Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02mvkbz85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310017","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320893","display_name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337376","display_name":"NIH Clinical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfsmv21"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570138186","https://openalex.org/W621356974","https://openalex.org/W1485400731","https://openalex.org/W1494529898","https://openalex.org/W1498518287","https://openalex.org/W1504177403","https://openalex.org/W1506565605","https://openalex.org/W1511596690","https://openalex.org/W1516606469","https://openalex.org/W1538533752","https://openalex.org/W1562690307","https://openalex.org/W1577392629","https://openalex.org/W1605353467","https://openalex.org/W1612465238","https://openalex.org/W1830450752","https://openalex.org/W1912645041","https://openalex.org/W1953687738","https://openalex.org/W1958969439","https://openalex.org/W1968090144","https://openalex.org/W1969731754","https://openalex.org/W1970981509","https://openalex.org/W1989778393","https://openalex.org/W1991464867","https://openalex.org/W1997334557","https://openalex.org/W2000081191","https://openalex.org/W2015931712","https://openalex.org/W2017904277","https://openalex.org/W2040596019","https://openalex.org/W2047143958","https://openalex.org/W2052183876","https://openalex.org/W2076093197","https://openalex.org/W2076561616","https://openalex.org/W2079043785","https://openalex.org/W2100641815","https://openalex.org/W2102934825","https://openalex.org/W2104132006","https://openalex.org/W2115328024","https://openalex.org/W2118127165","https://openalex.org/W2123363341","https://openalex.org/W2123392751","https://openalex.org/W2129319296","https://openalex.org/W2136398633","https://openalex.org/W2145078103","https://openalex.org/W2145803213","https://openalex.org/W2149861461","https://openalex.org/W2154822335","https://openalex.org/W2163664617","https://openalex.org/W2167422454","https://openalex.org/W2239062180","https://openalex.org/W2339709733","https://openalex.org/W2742155583","https://openalex.org/W4313309168","https://openalex.org/W4313310912","https://openalex.org/W4313311262","https://openalex.org/W6822500026"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1033873214","https://openalex.org/W3031011736","https://openalex.org/W2980639901","https://openalex.org/W2465841429","https://openalex.org/W1984750111","https://openalex.org/W2113138352","https://openalex.org/W2403765475","https://openalex.org/W2021873995","https://openalex.org/W2054915363","https://openalex.org/W4306776229"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}