{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007489277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00139728","title":"Extreme events in a changing climate: Variability is more important than averages","display_name":"Extreme events in a changing climate: Variability is more important than averages","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007489277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00139728","mag":"2007489277"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00139728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00139728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00139728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204799461","display_name":"Climatic Change","issn_l":"0165-0009","issn":["0165-0009","1573-1480"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Climatic Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2007489277"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005927168","display_name":"Richard W. Katz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-8953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-8953"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107766831","display_name":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvfcr44","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107766831","https://openalex.org/I1311060795","https://openalex.org/I2799356940","https://openalex.org/I4210141337","https://openalex.org/I4210150888"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard W. Katz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 80307, Boulder, CO, USA","Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 80307, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086237863","display_name":"Barbara G. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5855-9427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5855-9427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107766831","display_name":"NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05cvfcr44","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107766831","https://openalex.org/I1311060795","https://openalex.org/I2799356940","https://openalex.org/I4210141337","https://openalex.org/I4210150888"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara G. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 80307, Boulder, CO, USA","Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 80307, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107766831"],"apc_list":{"value":4390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.0591,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1391,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9967978,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"289","last_page":"302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13530","display_name":"Climate Change and Environmental Impact","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-events","display_name":"extreme events","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-variability","display_name":"climate variability","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-detection","display_name":"climate change detection","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-value-theory","display_name":"extreme value theory","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-parameter","display_name":"scale parameter","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-parameter","display_name":"location parameter","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-model-experiments","display_name":"climate model experiments","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-policy-scenarios","display_name":"climate policy scenarios","score":0.6740000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6520170569419861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5854837894439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5818440318107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.526806116104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147581598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729429","display_name":"Extreme value theory","level":2,"score":0.5232376456260681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4850022494792938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.45711541175842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54464151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521783","display_name":"Climate sensitivity","level":4,"score":0.45014670491218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4362793564796448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993643576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277161","display_name":"Climate extremes","level":3,"score":0.42754611372947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.25378552079200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19110599160194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18657782673835754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10937517881393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00139728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00139728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00139728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204799461","display_name":"Climatic Change","issn_l":"0165-0009","issn":["0165-0009","1573-1480"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Climatic Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2562382122","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Barbara_Brown7/publication/227277885_Extreme_events_in_a_changing_climate_Variability_is_more_important_than_averages/links/540f84c40cf2f2b29a3ddff4.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306107","display_name":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W657259599","https://openalex.org/W1613301539","https://openalex.org/W1969997114","https://openalex.org/W1970288949","https://openalex.org/W1970757805","https://openalex.org/W1974460423","https://openalex.org/W1978799123","https://openalex.org/W1980043698","https://openalex.org/W1982417536","https://openalex.org/W1985720140","https://openalex.org/W1987610446","https://openalex.org/W1991567646","https://openalex.org/W2024112300","https://openalex.org/W2025597192","https://openalex.org/W2045994370","https://openalex.org/W2060151277","https://openalex.org/W2071851972","https://openalex.org/W2093890137","https://openalex.org/W2109246257","https://openalex.org/W2112262492","https://openalex.org/W2126919392","https://openalex.org/W2156219488","https://openalex.org/W2158288565","https://openalex.org/W2172193502","https://openalex.org/W2173165602","https://openalex.org/W2751335644","https://openalex.org/W2943325041","https://openalex.org/W3016197797","https://openalex.org/W3017912975","https://openalex.org/W3021963657","https://openalex.org/W4230187027","https://openalex.org/W4292923457","https://openalex.org/W6604441987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4250871278","https://openalex.org/W4385892883","https://openalex.org/W4221128552","https://openalex.org/W3125643369","https://openalex.org/W2229562879","https://openalex.org/W3110013091","https://openalex.org/W190808505","https://openalex.org/W1640647276"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":61}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}