{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007485145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","title":"Prevalence of koala retrovirus in geographically diverse populations in A ustralia","display_name":"Prevalence of koala retrovirus in geographically diverse populations in A ustralia","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007485145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","mag":"2007485145","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23004234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93354060","display_name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","issn_l":"0005-0423","issn":["0005-0423","1751-0813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058452847","display_name":"GS Simmons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"GS Simmons","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072766818","display_name":"Paul R. Young","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-5190","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-5190"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PR Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051307045","display_name":"Jon J. Hanger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-4600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-4600"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JJ Hanger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Australian Wildlife Hospital; Beerwah; Queensland; Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Australian Wildlife Hospital; Beerwah; Queensland; Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"K Jones","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003623560","display_name":"Daniel T. W. Clarke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8907-6316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8907-6316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Clarke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074060243","display_name":"J J McKee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802234274","display_name":"Queensland Rail","ror":"https://ror.org/01fykd523","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801244131","https://openalex.org/I2802234274"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JJ McKee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecosure, West Burleigh, Queensland, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecosure, West Burleigh, Queensland, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802234274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084085223","display_name":"J. Meers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-0469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-0469"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Meers","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058452847"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7156,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":134,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98033904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"90","issue":"10","first_page":"404","last_page":"409"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13385","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Mycology","score":0.45730000734329224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13385","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Mycology","score":0.45730000734329224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11495","display_name":"Animal Virus Infections Studies","score":0.1316000074148178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12159","display_name":"T-cell and Retrovirus Studies","score":0.12160000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/koala-retrovirus","display_name":"koala retrovirus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/koala","display_name":"Phascolarctos cinereus","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proviral-load","display_name":"proviral load","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endogenous-retroviruses","display_name":"endogenous retroviruses","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exogenous-infection","display_name":"exogenous infection","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retrovirus-infection","display_name":"retroviral infection","score":0.460999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102906071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422467","display_name":"Provirus","level":4,"score":0.8640715479850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909354612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36101","display_name":"Phascolarctos cinereus","level":3,"score":0.8456480503082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7415522933006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49105822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996","display_name":"Polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.5162675380706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157431215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856465","display_name":"Nested polymerase chain reaction","level":4,"score":0.43717247247695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.4184311628341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.3600490093231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3221418261528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3080933094024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.09782007336616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.06691274046897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001315","descriptor_name":"Australia","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004279","descriptor_name":"DNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012190","descriptor_name":"Retroviridae","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012192","descriptor_name":"Retroviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012192","descriptor_name":"Retroviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012192","descriptor_name":"Retroviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019562","descriptor_name":"Viral Load","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D048368","descriptor_name":"Phascolarctidae","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00964.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93354060","display_name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","issn_l":"0005-0423","issn":["0005-0423","1751-0813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23004234","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23004234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian veterinary journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/53876","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/53876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064376","display_name":"Griffith Research Online","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498302281","https://openalex.org/W2013600296","https://openalex.org/W2026444780","https://openalex.org/W2044096520","https://openalex.org/W2055097234","https://openalex.org/W2060519547","https://openalex.org/W2066251405","https://openalex.org/W2069384396","https://openalex.org/W2074950444","https://openalex.org/W2111737695","https://openalex.org/W2124291123","https://openalex.org/W2144677167","https://openalex.org/W2160056003","https://openalex.org/W2164207497","https://openalex.org/W2889385162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141741936","https://openalex.org/W173658741","https://openalex.org/W2588150189","https://openalex.org/W3125561560","https://openalex.org/W3162293401","https://openalex.org/W2949053168","https://openalex.org/W4381433179","https://openalex.org/W354324104","https://openalex.org/W7065260828","https://openalex.org/W3006495831"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"the":[3,121,145,164,214,230],"prevalence":[4,140],"of":[5,22,62,71,102,115,134,141,147,216,221,232],"koala":[6,11],"retrovirus":[7],"(KoRV)":[8],"in":[9,19,32,68,78,99,120,131,144,153,163,180,199,206,236,249],"selected":[10],"populations":[12],"and":[13,38,56,73,86,106,149,160,166,182,252],"to":[14,124,188],"estimate":[15],"proviral":[16,94,151,217],"copy":[17,95,218,235],"number":[18,96],"a":[20,113,233],"subset":[21],"koalas.":[23,136],"METHODS:":[24],"Blood":[25],"or":[26,191,193,204],"tissue":[27],"samples":[28],"from":[29,104,112],"708":[30],"koalas":[31,65,103,143,155,179],"Queensland,":[33],"New":[34,74],"South":[35,39,75,91],"Wales,":[36,76],"Victoria":[37,107],"Australia":[40,148,184],"were":[41],"tested":[42],"for":[43,229,239],"KoRV":[44,63,158,189,245],"pol":[45],"provirus":[46],"gene":[47],"using":[48],"standard":[49],"polymerase":[50],"chain":[51],"reaction":[52],"(PCR),":[53],"nested":[54],"PCR":[55,58],"real-time":[57],"(qPCR).":[59],"RESULTS:":[60],"Prevalence":[61],"provirus-positive":[64],"was":[66],"100%":[67],"four":[69,83,100],"regions":[70],"Queensland":[72,105,122,154],"72.2%":[77],"mainland":[79],"Victoria,":[80],"26.6%":[81],"on":[82,88],"Victorian":[84,135,241],"islands":[85],"14.8%":[87],"Kangaroo":[89],"Island,":[90],"Australia.":[92],"Estimated":[93],"per":[97,118,129],"cell":[98,119,130,238],"groups":[101],"showed":[108],"marked":[109],"variation,":[110],"ranging":[111],"mean":[114],"165":[116],"copies":[117,128],"group":[123,133],"1.29":[125],"\u00d7":[126],"10(-4)":[127],"one":[132],"CONCLUSIONS:":[137],"The":[138],"higher":[139],"KoRV-positive":[142],"north":[146,165],"high":[150],"loads":[152],"may":[156],"indicate":[157],"entered":[159],"became":[161],"endogenous":[162,248],"is":[167,171,246],"spreading":[168],"southwards.":[169],"It":[170],"also":[172],"possible":[173],"there":[174],"are":[175,202,212],"genetic":[176],"differences":[177],"between":[178],"northern":[181,200],"southern":[183,207],"that":[185,194,244],"affect":[186],"susceptibility":[187],"infection":[190],"endogenisation,":[192],"environmental":[195],"factors":[196],"affecting":[197],"transmission":[198],"states":[201],"absent":[203],"uncommon":[205],"regions.":[208],"Although":[209],"further":[210],"studies":[211],"required,":[213],"finding":[215],"numbers":[219],"orders":[220],"magnitude":[222],"lower":[223],"than":[224],"what":[225],"would":[226],"be":[227],"expected":[228],"presence":[231],"single":[234],"every":[237],"many":[240],"animals":[242,251],"suggests":[243],"not":[247],"these":[250],"likely":[253],"reflects":[254],"ongoing":[255],"exogenous":[256],"infection.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}