{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007424486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","title":"Developing New Surfactant Chemistry for Breaking Emulsions in Heavy Oil","display_name":"Developing New Surfactant Chemistry for Breaking Emulsions in Heavy Oil","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007424486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","mag":"2007424486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027483705","display_name":"Clare Temple-Heald","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clare Temple-Heald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croda Europe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croda Europe","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082594144","display_name":"Craig Davies","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Davies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croda Europe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croda Europe","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088638363","display_name":"Natalie G. Wilson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalie Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croda Europe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croda Europe","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010987821","display_name":"Nicola Readman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Readman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Croda Europe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Croda Europe","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.668167,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"01","first_page":"30","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10721","display_name":"Surfactants and Colloidal Systems","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crude-oil-emulsions","display_name":"crude oil emulsions","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-water-separation","display_name":"oil-water separation","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacial-rheology","display_name":"interfacial rheology","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacial-tension","display_name":"interfacial tension","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulsion-destabilization","display_name":"emulsion destabilization","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surfactant-displacement","display_name":"surfactant displacement","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-oil-production","display_name":"heavy oil production","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/api-gravity","display_name":"API gravity","score":0.3779999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-cut","display_name":"water cut","score":0.9129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779750679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186651","display_name":"Demulsifier","level":3,"score":0.993496298789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778123984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187634","display_name":"Emulsion","level":2,"score":0.6756694912910461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58226133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324199","display_name":"Pulmonary surfactant","level":2,"score":0.5406318306922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8892853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170749","display_name":"Surface tension","level":2,"score":0.5394102334976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987168347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Crude oil","level":2,"score":0.5190935134887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993252117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7973940","display_name":"Water cut","level":2,"score":0.4492102265357971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.42926791310310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.39451369643211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.3898178040981293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3516806364059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.3401152491569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1899191439151764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15612250566482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/0114-0030-jpt","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105811054","display_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0149-2136","issn":["0149-2136","1944-978X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072771058","https://openalex.org/W2041436905","https://openalex.org/W1996669037","https://openalex.org/W95168329","https://openalex.org/W2037836605","https://openalex.org/W3015163896","https://openalex.org/W3112763437","https://openalex.org/W4414690833","https://openalex.org/W2392291241","https://openalex.org/W2793561595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technology":[0],"Update":[1],"A":[2,194,331,375],"critical":[3,83],"part":[4],"of":[5,30,35,52,56,65,73,85,98,134,164,196,243,249,257,267,273,319,353,361,370,377,397],"any":[6],"oilfield":[7],"production":[8,31,76],"processing":[9],"is":[10,270,278,385],"oil":[11,75,91,184,199],"and":[12,126,153,175,213,217,255,311,351,368,373,381,418,444],"water":[13,252],"separation.":[14],"Although":[15],"some":[16],"highly":[17],"effective":[18,66,452],"demulsifier":[19,130,144,157,269,283,399],"products":[20,322],"for":[21,27,151,357,413,424],"this":[22,135],"purpose":[23],"have":[24],"been":[25,202],"developed":[26,203],"a":[28,53,156,186,205,241,247,268,271,279,296],"number":[29,64,266],"scenarios,":[32],"the":[33,43,50,61,70,82,96,99,118,123,162,167,180,234,290,300,321,327,344,349,362,378,394,398,402,405,414,421,425,435,437,439,442,445,447,450,453],"application":[34],"demulsifiers":[36,57,88,147,169,200,426],"to":[37,49,58,60,106,140,178,215,315,342],"\u201cheavy\u201d":[38],"oils":[39,245],"remains":[40],"problematic.":[41],"However,":[42],"work":[44,103],"described":[45],"below":[46],"has":[47,201],"led":[48],"development":[51],"tailored":[54],"range":[55,195,242,248],"add":[59],"relatively":[62],"small":[63],"chemistries":[67,380],"applicable":[68],"across":[69],"growing":[71],"demands":[72],"heavy":[74,198],"activity.":[77],"Theoretical":[78],"models":[79],"show":[80,420,433],"that":[81,229,434],"parameters":[84,120],"how":[86,320],"chemical":[87,291],"break":[89],"crude":[90,183,244],"emulsions":[92],"are":[93,111],"associated":[94,121],"with":[95,122,129,204,246],"rheology":[97],"oil/water":[100,124,301,403],"interface.":[101,302],"The":[102,132,263,303,431],"undertaken":[104],"was":[105,137,340,408],"determine":[107],"whether":[108,289],"such":[109],"correlations":[110],"justified":[112],"in":[113,182,233,240,282,326,387,428],"real":[114],"systems":[115],"by":[116],"measuring":[117],"rheological":[119],"interface":[125],"correlating":[127],"them":[128],"performance.":[131],"principle":[133],"model":[136],"then":[138],"used":[139,341],"design":[141],"more":[142,220,451],"efficient":[143,221],"molecules.":[145,222],"All":[146],"were":[148,237,313],"evaluated":[149,239],"individually":[150],"comparison":[152],"not":[154],"as":[155,189,191,295],"blended":[158],"package.":[159],"To":[160,390],"meet":[161],"needs":[163],"field":[165],"applications,":[166],"desired":[168],"must":[170],"be":[171,176,324],"very":[172],"interfacially":[173],"active":[174],"able":[177],"displace":[179],"surfactants":[181],"at":[185,299,401],"use":[187],"concentration":[188],"low":[190],"10":[192],"ppm.":[193],"novel":[197],"wide":[206],"demulsification":[207],"chemistry":[208],"portfolio,":[209],"including":[210],"resins,":[211],"polymerics,":[212],"esters":[214],"optimize":[216],"further":[218,238],"develop":[219],"Experimental":[223],"Work":[224],"Interfacial":[225],"Tension":[226],"(IFT).":[227],"Demulsifiers":[228],"showed":[230],"good":[231],"performance":[232],"IFT":[235,406,422],"testing":[236],"API":[250],"gravities,":[251],"cuts,":[253],"compositions,":[254],"regions":[256],"origin.":[258],"Relative":[259],"Solubility":[260],"Number":[261],"(RSN).":[262],"relative":[264],"solubility":[265,275,286],"measure":[272],"its":[274],"properties.":[276],"This":[277,346],"key":[280],"factor":[281],"selection,":[284],"because":[285],"properties":[287,384],"dictate":[288],"will":[292],"perform":[293],"effectively":[294],"surfaceactive":[297],"agent":[298],"following":[304],"physical":[305,383],"properties,":[306],"pour":[307],"point,":[308],"viscosity,":[309],"density,":[310],"pH,":[312],"measured":[314,409],"provide":[316],"an":[317,354,358],"indication":[318],"could":[323],"handled":[325],"field.":[328],"Turbiscan":[329,332],"Analysis.":[330],"laboratory":[333],"instrument,":[334],"which":[335],"replicates":[336],"onfield":[337],"bottle":[338],"testing,":[339],"evaluate":[343],"demulsifiers.":[345,415],"method":[347],"enables":[348],"acceleration":[350],"documentation":[352],"aging":[355],"test":[356],"in-depth":[359],"understanding":[360],"destabilization":[363],"mechanisms":[364],"(creaming,":[365],"sedimentation,":[366],"flocculation,":[367],"coalescence)":[369],"emulsions.":[371],"Results":[372],"Discussion":[374],"list":[376],"initial":[379],"their":[382],"shown":[386],"Table":[388,429],"1.":[389,430],"establish":[391],"information":[392],"regarding":[393],"equilibrium":[395,448],"adsorption":[396],"materials":[400],"interface,":[404],"(mN/m)":[407],"over":[410],"time":[411],"(sec)":[412],"Figs.":[416],"1":[417],"2":[419],"analysis":[423],"listed":[427],"graphs":[432],"steeper":[436],"gradient,":[438],"faster":[440],"acting":[441],"demulsifier,":[443],"lower":[446],"IFT,":[449],"demulsifier.":[454]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
