{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007234139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","title":"Immune system development during early childhood in tropical Latin America: Evidence for the age-dependent down regulation of the innate immune response","display_name":"Immune system development during early childhood in tropical Latin America: Evidence for the age-dependent down regulation of the innate immune response","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007234139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","mag":"2007234139","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21247809","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3043252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661610007862/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37169408","display_name":"Clinical Immunology","issn_l":"1521-6616","issn":["1521-6616","1521-7035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661610007862/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053488068","display_name":"Rommy Ter\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-7911","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-7911"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69094615","display_name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito","ror":"https://ror.org/01r2c3v86","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rommy Teran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. rommynateran@gmail.com","Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. rommynateran@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042049581","display_name":"Edward E.S. Mitre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7506-3266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7506-3266"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Mitre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086609484","display_name":"Maritza G Vaca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5456-7673","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5456-7673"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69094615","display_name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito","ror":"https://ror.org/01r2c3v86","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maritza Vaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Silvia Erazo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69094615","display_name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito","ror":"https://ror.org/01r2c3v86","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Erazo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021867047","display_name":"G. Oviedo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69094615","display_name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito","ror":"https://ror.org/01r2c3v86","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gisela Oviedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033576692","display_name":"Marc Peter H\u00fcbner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-418X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-418X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799391451","display_name":"University Hospital Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/01xnwqx93","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799391451"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc P. H\u00fcbner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799391451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013693596","display_name":"Martha E. Chico","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-1044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-1044"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martha E. Chico","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078755301","display_name":"Joseph J. Mattapallil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-9507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-9507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph J. Mattapallil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105768650","display_name":"Quentin D Bickle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-2660","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-2660"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quentin Bickle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Immunology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Immunology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025677183","display_name":"Laura Cunha Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-660X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-660X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura C. Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072938610","display_name":"Philip J. Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-6871","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-6871"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69094615","display_name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito","ror":"https://ror.org/01r2c3v86","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]}],"countries":["EC","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Philip J. Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Interoceanica Km 12.5 y Av. Florencia, Cumbaya, Quito, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69094615"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio de Investigaciones FEPIS, Quininde, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072938610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I194839184","https://openalex.org/I69094615"],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"fwci":2.5139,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88888044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"138","issue":"3","first_page":"299","last_page":"310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.8339999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.8339999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.11479999870061874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.0340999998152256,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-system-development","display_name":"immune system development","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood","display_name":"early childhood","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-immunity","display_name":"adaptive immunity","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-cd4-t-cells","display_name":"naive CD4+ T cells","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-t-cells","display_name":"memory T cells","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toll-like-receptor-agonists","display_name":"TLR agonists","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-10","display_name":"IL-10","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foxp3-regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"Foxp3+ regulatory T cells","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infants","display_name":"infants","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-risk","display_name":"asthma risk","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-latin-america","display_name":"tropical Latin America","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecuador","display_name":"Ecuador","score":0.9679999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.8181250095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.7180122137069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.7135251760482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.6334955096244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193419808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645075","display_name":"Acquired immune system","level":3,"score":0.603652834892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426188","display_name":"FOXP3","level":3,"score":0.5728896260261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2745824","display_name":"Immunopathology","level":2,"score":0.5480861067771912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47742525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13418826","display_name":"Innate lymphoid cell","level":4,"score":0.4934174120426178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.46863722801208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3288739323616028}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002657","descriptor_name":"Child Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004484","descriptor_name":"Ecuador","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007107","descriptor_name":"Immune System","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007113","descriptor_name":"Immunity, Innate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015536","descriptor_name":"Down-Regulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016753","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-10","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018414","descriptor_name":"CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018655","descriptor_name":"Lymphocyte Count","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051193","descriptor_name":"Toll-Like Receptors","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051193","descriptor_name":"Toll-Like Receptors","qualifier_ui":"Q000819","qualifier_name":"agonists","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056704","descriptor_name":"Adaptive Immunity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661610007862/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37169408","display_name":"Clinical Immunology","issn_l":"1521-6616","issn":["1521-6616","1521-7035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3043252","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3043252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:21247809","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21247809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.sgul.ac.uk:102232","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/102232/6/licence.docx","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400552","display_name":"St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","host_organization_name":"St George's, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk:1128","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/view/creators/iimmqbic.html>;","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402527","display_name":"LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","host_organization_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.lstmed.ac.uk:2341","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/2341/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400185","display_name":"LSTM Online Archive (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","host_organization_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/phe6q-bx643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/phe6q-bx643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/phe6q-bx643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/yvp69-wp522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/yvp69-wp522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/yvp69-wp522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.011","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661610007862/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37169408","display_name":"Clinical Immunology","issn_l":"1521-6616","issn":["1521-6616","1521-7035"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1049142538","display_name":"Impact of early infectious and microbial exposures on the development of immunity and allergic inflammatory disease in children living in a tropical region of Ecuador.","funder_award_id":"088862","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1226878857","display_name":"Pilot cross-sectional study of differences in immune programming and immune development between infants and children living in urban and rural environments in Ecuador.","funder_award_id":"080013/Z/06/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1565215928","display_name":"Mucosal immunity and rectal challenge","funder_award_id":"R01DE019397","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1601505364","display_name":"Mucosal Epithelium and Long-Term Anti-Retroviral Therapy","funder_award_id":"R21DE018339","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3880150047","display_name":"Pilot cross-sectional study of differences in immune programming and immune development between infants and children living in urban and rural environments in Ecuador.","funder_award_id":"080013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5511048553","display_name":"The impact of urbanization, migration and changes in lifestyle and in exposure to infection on frequency of atopic diseases in Latin America","funder_award_id":"072405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5729784535","display_name":"The impact of maternal and infant geohelminth infections on atopy and vaccine immunity in infants living in rural tropical region of Ecuador.","funder_award_id":"074679/Z/04/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6661968509","display_name":"CD4 T cells and anti-viral control in SIV infection","funder_award_id":"K22AI071812","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/004a2wv92"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007234139.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007234139.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1826394632","https://openalex.org/W1996768376","https://openalex.org/W2002604831","https://openalex.org/W2007645309","https://openalex.org/W2013813995","https://openalex.org/W2016191219","https://openalex.org/W2018173725","https://openalex.org/W2030695732","https://openalex.org/W2032807131","https://openalex.org/W2035023446","https://openalex.org/W2035628828","https://openalex.org/W2063695024","https://openalex.org/W2064835455","https://openalex.org/W2065730682","https://openalex.org/W2081375496","https://openalex.org/W2081959216","https://openalex.org/W2090464282","https://openalex.org/W2102571541","https://openalex.org/W2108236415","https://openalex.org/W2112501571","https://openalex.org/W2112982861","https://openalex.org/W2121169858","https://openalex.org/W2148809615","https://openalex.org/W2157110918","https://openalex.org/W2161853794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072409135","https://openalex.org/W2018706148","https://openalex.org/W7097124479","https://openalex.org/W204476845","https://openalex.org/W3081800126","https://openalex.org/W2019576909","https://openalex.org/W2156614434","https://openalex.org/W7099457762","https://openalex.org/W2135141456","https://openalex.org/W4210466151"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"immune":[1,51,88,100],"response":[2],"that":[3],"develops":[4],"in":[5,53,127],"early":[6,128],"childhood":[7],"underlies":[8],"the":[9,30,35,40,87,91,141],"development":[10,36,85],"of":[11,32,37,44,65,75,86,117,143],"inflammatory":[12],"diseases":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"asthma":[16],"and":[17,49,61,78,115],"there":[18],"are":[19],"few":[20],"data":[21],"from":[22],"tropical":[23],"Latin":[24],"America":[25],"(LA).":[26],"This":[27],"study":[28],"investigated":[29],"effects":[31],"age":[33,72],"on":[34],"immunity":[38,126],"during":[39],"first":[41,92],"5":[42],"years":[43],"life":[45,129],"by":[46],"comparing":[47],"innate":[48,99,125],"adaptive":[50],"responses":[52,101,111],"Ecuadorian":[54],"children":[55,108],"aged":[56],"6-9":[57],"months,":[58,60],"22-26":[59],"48-60":[62],"months.":[63],"Percentages":[64],"na\u00efve":[66],"CD4+":[67],"T":[68,80],"cells":[69,81,120],"declined":[70],"with":[71,122],"while":[73,109],"those":[74],"memory":[76],"CD4(+)":[77],"CD8(+)":[79],"increased":[82],"indicating":[83],"active":[84],"system":[89],"throughout":[90],"five":[93],"years.":[94],"Young":[95],"infants":[96],"had":[97],"greater":[98],"to":[102,106],"TLR":[103],"agonists":[104],"compared":[105],"older":[107],"regulatory":[110],"including":[112],"SEB-induced":[113],"IL-10":[114],"percentages":[116],"FoxP3(+)":[118],"T-regulatory":[119],"decreased":[121],"age.":[123],"Enhanced":[124],"may":[130,139],"be":[131],"important":[132],"for":[133],"host":[134],"defense":[135],"against":[136],"pathogens":[137],"but":[138],"increase":[140],"risk":[142],"immunopathology.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
