{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007228417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700030899","title":"Slavery, Emancipation and Labour Migration in West Africa: the case of the Soninke","display_name":"Slavery, Emancipation and Labour Migration in West Africa: the case of the Soninke","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007228417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700030899","mag":"2007228417"},"language":"fr","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021853700030899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700030899","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700030899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3091228","display_name":"The Journal of African History","issn_l":"0021-8537","issn":["0021-8537","1469-5138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of African History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024727912","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Manchuelle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Manchuelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of CaliforniaSanta Barbara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of CaliforniaSanta Barbara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024727912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.9497,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97760887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"89","last_page":"106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.7842000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.7842000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.19519999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13019","display_name":"African Studies and Geopolitics","score":0.019099999219179153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soninke","display_name":"Soninke","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slavery","display_name":"slavery","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abolition-of-slavery","display_name":"abolition of slavery","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-migration","display_name":"labor migration","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-migration","display_name":"seasonal migration","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emancipation","display_name":"emancipation","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trans-saharan-slave-trade","display_name":"trans-Saharan slave trade","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peanut-production","display_name":"peanut production","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sahel","display_name":"Sahel","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/senegambia","display_name":"Senegambia","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precolonial-west-africa","display_name":"precolonial West Africa","score":0.6269999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.6134341955184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.5797384977340698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781153986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380351","display_name":"Emancipation","level":3,"score":0.4385022222995758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3803117871284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3399754762649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.24569818377494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021853700030899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700030899","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700030899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3091228","display_name":"The Journal of African History","issn_l":"0021-8537","issn":["0021-8537","1469-5138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of African History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W572922264","https://openalex.org/W2006760842","https://openalex.org/W2010780243","https://openalex.org/W2025013717","https://openalex.org/W2046283532","https://openalex.org/W2050853911","https://openalex.org/W2065386855","https://openalex.org/W2069901730","https://openalex.org/W2099909355","https://openalex.org/W2110523273","https://openalex.org/W2144210913","https://openalex.org/W2254241348","https://openalex.org/W2587304774","https://openalex.org/W2588016863","https://openalex.org/W2795699050","https://openalex.org/W2795839504","https://openalex.org/W2947786724","https://openalex.org/W3021433883","https://openalex.org/W4292919055","https://openalex.org/W7029927981"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2278878144","https://openalex.org/W2116058906","https://openalex.org/W7008611522","https://openalex.org/W1996863451","https://openalex.org/W1480792971","https://openalex.org/W3003215525","https://openalex.org/W2253100386","https://openalex.org/W1901639400","https://openalex.org/W2315712612","https://openalex.org/W6944290853"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"L'etude":[0],"des":[1,5,24,46,88,113,139,163,183,190,196,206],"cons\u00e9quences":[2],"de":[3,14,26,35,48,59,146,178,187,208,218,222],"l'\u00e9mancipation":[4],"esclaves":[6,128],"est":[7],"d'une":[8],"grande":[9],"importance":[10],"pour":[11,33,193],"la":[12,27,63,82,103,137,188,194],"comprehension":[13],"l'histoire":[15,153,182,205],"du":[16,30,66,154,167],"travail":[17,49,155,168,209],"en":[18,69,98,156,175,199,203,210],"Afrique":[19,157,200],"occidentale.":[20,158],"Le":[21],"syst\u00e8me":[22],"social":[23],"Sonink\u00e9":[25,184],"haute":[28],"vall\u00e9e":[29],"S\u00e9n\u00e9gal,":[31],"comme":[32],"beaucoup":[34,55],"peuples":[36],"sah\u00e9liens":[37],"\u00e0":[38,81,118],"l'\u00e9poque":[39],"pr\u00e9coloniale,":[40],"reposait":[41],"largement":[42],"sur":[43],"l'esclavage.":[44],"L'apparition":[45],"migrations":[47,86,140,191,197,207],"chez":[50,126,170],"les":[51,85,127,171,216],"Sonink\u00e9,":[52,172],"cependant,":[53],"s'explique":[54],"moins":[56],"par":[57,62],"l'abolition":[58,145],"l'esclavage":[60,147],"que":[61,78],"disparition":[64],"progressive":[65],"commerce":[67,97],"esclavagiste":[68],"S\u00e9n\u00e9gambie":[70],"au":[71],"dix-neuvi\u00e8me":[72],"si\u00e8cle.":[73],"En":[74,180],"effet,":[75],"c'est":[76],"alors":[77],"furent":[79,100,213],"substitut\u00e9s":[80],"traite":[83],"int\u00e9rieure":[84],"saisonni\u00e8res":[87],"jeunes":[89],"Sonink\u00e9.":[90,116],"Ces":[91],"migrations,":[92],"traditionnellement":[93],"orient\u00e9es":[94],"vers":[95,102],"le":[96],"Gambie,":[99],"d\u00e9tourn\u00e9es":[101],"production":[104],"d'arachide":[105],"dans":[106,136,152,165],"cette":[107],"m\u00eame":[108],"r\u00e9gion,":[109],"probablement":[110],"sous":[111],"l'influence":[112],"trafiquants":[114],"d'esclaves":[115],"Quant":[117],"l'\u00e9mancipation,":[119],"elle":[120,132,161],"ne":[121],"cr\u00e9a":[122],"nullement":[123],"un":[124,149,176],"exode":[125],"nouvellement":[129],"lib\u00e9r\u00e9s":[130],"mais":[131],"permit":[133],"leur":[134],"entr\u00e9e":[135],"courant":[138],"saisonni\u00e8res.":[141],"Dans":[142],"ce":[143],"sens,":[144],"fut":[148],"ph\u00e9nom\u00eane":[150],"important":[151],"De":[159],"plus,":[160],"suscita":[162],"transformations":[164],"1'organisation":[166],"familial":[169],"qui":[173,212],"r\u00e9sult\u00e8rent":[174],"surcro\u00eet":[177],"migrants.":[179],"conclusion,":[181],"illustre":[185],"l'importance":[186],"question":[189],"traditionnelles":[192],"compr\u00e9hension":[195],"modernes":[198],"occidentale,":[201],"rappelant":[202],"cela":[204],"Europe,":[211],"elles":[214],"aussi":[215],"h\u00e9riti\u00e8res":[217],"courants":[219],"plus":[220],"anciens":[221],"mobilit\u00e9":[223],"g\u00e9ographique.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}