{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007177579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","title":"Frequency and relationships of clinical chemistry and liver and kidney histopathology findings in 13-week toxicity studies in rats","display_name":"Frequency and relationships of clinical chemistry and liver and kidney histopathology findings in 13-week toxicity studies in rats","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007177579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","mag":"2007177579","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8597028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128555845","display_name":"Toxicology","issn_l":"0300-483X","issn":["0300-483X","1879-3185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008172098","display_name":"Greg S. Travlos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G.S. Travlos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R.W. Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.W. Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analytical Sciences Inc., Alston Technical Park, 100 Capitola Drive, Suite 100, Durham, North Carolina 27713, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analytical Sciences Inc., Alston Technical Park, 100 Capitola Drive, Suite 100, Durham, North Carolina 27713, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110171425","display_name":"Michael R. Elwell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.R. Elwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A. Duke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090135","display_name":"Experimental Pathology Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/00dv9aw81","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090135"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Duke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Experimental Pathology Laboratories Inc., P.O. Box 12766, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Experimental Pathology Laboratories Inc., P.O. Box 12766, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090135"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Rosenblum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Rosenblum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analytical Sciences Inc., Alston Technical Park, 100 Capitola Drive, Suite 100, Durham, North Carolina 27713, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analytical Sciences Inc., Alston Technical Park, 100 Capitola Drive, Suite 100, Durham, North Carolina 27713, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110067187","display_name":"M.B. Thompson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.B. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008172098"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"],"apc_list":{"value":4250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":145,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51002828,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12281","display_name":"Animal testing and alternatives","score":0.12929999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-histopathology","display_name":"liver histopathology","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-histopathology","display_name":"kidney histopathology","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alanine-aminotransferase","display_name":"alanine aminotransferase","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorbitol-dehydrogenase","display_name":"sorbitol dehydrogenase","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"serum alkaline phosphatase","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creatinine","display_name":"creatinine","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urea-nitrogen","display_name":"urea nitrogen","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-bile-acids","display_name":"total bile acids","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholestasis","display_name":"cholestasis","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-value","display_name":"predictive value","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-lesions","display_name":"liver lesions","score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-lesions","display_name":"renal lesions","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rats","display_name":"rats","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.328000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.8004988431930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780306776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426660","display_name":"Creatinine","level":2,"score":0.691449761390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160160445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688","display_name":"Alkaline phosphatase","level":3,"score":0.6874244809150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777905771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303179","display_name":"Sorbitol dehydrogenase","level":3,"score":0.6683862209320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.6455123424530029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.5872754454612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5042506456375122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.43472304940223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.40968960523605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4042550027370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.3961598873138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3944011628627777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.22228127717971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.16953691840171814}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000410","descriptor_name":"Alanine Transaminase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000469","descriptor_name":"Alkaline Phosphatase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001647","descriptor_name":"Bile Acids and Salts","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001798","descriptor_name":"Blood Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001806","descriptor_name":"Blood Urea Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002624","descriptor_name":"Chemistry, Clinical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003404","descriptor_name":"Creatinine","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007064","descriptor_name":"L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007674","descriptor_name":"Kidney Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011916","descriptor_name":"Rats, Inbred F344","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012709","descriptor_name":"Serum Albumin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018675","descriptor_name":"Toxicity Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056486","descriptor_name":"Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(95)03197-n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128555845","display_name":"Toxicology","issn_l":"0300-483X","issn":["0300-483X","1879-3185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8597028","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8597028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxicology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172624418","https://openalex.org/W971505201","https://openalex.org/W1486230207","https://openalex.org/W1500356450","https://openalex.org/W1546748767","https://openalex.org/W1554437088","https://openalex.org/W1557404598","https://openalex.org/W1844762674","https://openalex.org/W1968300278","https://openalex.org/W1974405630","https://openalex.org/W1978705994","https://openalex.org/W1985669981","https://openalex.org/W1992251080","https://openalex.org/W1998648871","https://openalex.org/W2004741060","https://openalex.org/W2009059339","https://openalex.org/W2023196534","https://openalex.org/W2032325250","https://openalex.org/W2037539946","https://openalex.org/W2045270629","https://openalex.org/W2055329265","https://openalex.org/W2060270370","https://openalex.org/W2065719015","https://openalex.org/W2071761385","https://openalex.org/W2073933242","https://openalex.org/W2079135082","https://openalex.org/W2081061070","https://openalex.org/W2093847446","https://openalex.org/W2124629714","https://openalex.org/W2132860959","https://openalex.org/W2139963870","https://openalex.org/W2145430055","https://openalex.org/W2152162328","https://openalex.org/W2169345003","https://openalex.org/W2315613245","https://openalex.org/W2325343629","https://openalex.org/W2410353300","https://openalex.org/W2411547539","https://openalex.org/W2411576706","https://openalex.org/W2482562251","https://openalex.org/W2542208571","https://openalex.org/W2577069723","https://openalex.org/W2771688733","https://openalex.org/W2920918061","https://openalex.org/W2998022772","https://openalex.org/W3023577839","https://openalex.org/W3028399312","https://openalex.org/W4253772167","https://openalex.org/W4255644613","https://openalex.org/W4298345797","https://openalex.org/W6603542860","https://openalex.org/W6732858013","https://openalex.org/W6776897259"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6908347043","https://openalex.org/W2011255455","https://openalex.org/W2162570643","https://openalex.org/W2055329265","https://openalex.org/W2036248084","https://openalex.org/W2147061475","https://openalex.org/W2069192496","https://openalex.org/W1997670027","https://openalex.org/W2047165626","https://openalex.org/W2138564414"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}