{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007109879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/223544","title":"Institutions of Privacy in the Determination of Police Administrative Practice","display_name":"Institutions of Privacy in the Determination of Police Administrative Practice","publication_year":1963,"publication_date":"1963-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007109879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/223544","mag":"2007109879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/223544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/223544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/223544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122471516","display_name":"American Journal of Sociology","issn_l":"0002-9602","issn":["0002-9602","1537-5390"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068484473","display_name":"Arthur L. Stinchcombe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arthur L. Stinchcombe","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068484473"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.458,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":163,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96037501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"2","first_page":"150","last_page":"160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.836899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.836899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.15690000355243683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy","display_name":"privacy","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-practice","display_name":"police practice","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-location","display_name":"crime location","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-department-structure","display_name":"police department structure","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-crimes","display_name":"new crimes","score":0.6389999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777278149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916183","display_name":"Conviction","level":2,"score":0.7726625204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.5176061391830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49886250495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.42043551802635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.41581663489341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3691287636756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.36875149607658386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3590669333934784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.28320199251174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2625206708908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/223544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/223544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/223544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122471516","display_name":"American Journal of Sociology","issn_l":"0002-9602","issn":["0002-9602","1537-5390"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402},{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5142999887466431}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7099999785423279}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162692187","https://openalex.org/W1507100024","https://openalex.org/W4307488561","https://openalex.org/W4322725382","https://openalex.org/W1971456749","https://openalex.org/W4255779913","https://openalex.org/W7113151772","https://openalex.org/W1986272627","https://openalex.org/W2185228223","https://openalex.org/W4402196943"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Legal":[0],"institutions":[1],"in":[2,19,30,42,46,68,78],"modern":[3],"societies":[4],"define":[5,11],"private":[6,20,34,69],"and":[7,10,21,26,35,48,71,83],"public":[8,22,36,40],"places":[9,41],"appropriate":[12],"police":[13,44,108,117,149],"activity":[14],"differently":[15],"for":[16,86,153],"crimes":[17,54,141],"occurring":[18],"places.":[23],"Since":[24],"urban":[25,47],"rural":[27,49],"areas":[28,50],"differ":[29],"the":[31,92,95,99,104,111,122,126,130,136,143],"distribution":[32],"of":[33,55,89,94,98,101,107,114,116,125,128,138,145,148],"places,":[37,70],"with":[38],"denser":[39],"cities,":[43],"practice":[45],"is":[51],"different.":[52],"And":[53],"different":[56,87,146],"types":[57,88,100],"are":[58,64,119,151],"systematically":[59],"distributed;":[60],"some,":[61],"like":[62],"murder,":[63],"almost":[65],"entirely":[66,77],"committed":[67],"others,":[72],"such":[73],"as":[74],"traffic":[75],"offenses,":[76],"public.":[79],"Statistics":[80],"on":[81,103,135],"arrest":[82],"conviction":[84],"rates":[85],"crime":[90,102,129],"show":[91],"influence":[93],"social":[96,123],"location":[97,124],"differential":[105],"character":[106],"practice.":[109],"Too,":[110],"structural":[112],"characteristics":[113],"subsections":[115,147],"departments":[118],"derived":[120],"from":[121],"type":[127],"subsection":[131],"deals":[132],"with.":[133],"Hypotheses":[134],"effects":[137],"introducing":[139],"new":[140],"into":[142],"responsibilities":[144],"department":[150],"outlined":[152],"future":[154],"research.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
