{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006852895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","title":"Skunkworks Approach to Project Management","display_name":"Skunkworks Approach to Project Management","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006852895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","mag":"2006852895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144495243","display_name":"Journal of Management in Engineering","issn_l":"0742-597X","issn":["0742-597X","1943-5479","9742-597X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management in Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008050056","display_name":"Michael R. W. Bommer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16944753","display_name":"Clarkson University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rwgpn18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16944753"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Bommer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of Management, School of Business, Clarkson Univ., Potsdam, NY\u200913699-5790"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of Management, School of Business, Clarkson Univ., Potsdam, NY\u200913699-5790","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16944753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054825753","display_name":"Renee DeLaPorte","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renee DeLaPorte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Project Manager, Swets Blackwell, Inc., 160 Ninth Ave., Runnemede, NJ 08078"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Project Manager, Swets Blackwell, Inc., 160 Ninth Ave., Runnemede, NJ 08078","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"James Higgins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Higgins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senior Consultant, The Sear-Brown Group, 85 Metro Park, Rochester, NY\u200914623"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senior Consultant, The Sear-Brown Group, 85 Metro Park, Rochester, NY\u200914623","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20498139,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"21","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-management","display_name":"project management","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"new product development","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-market","display_name":"time to market","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facilities-engineering","display_name":"facilities engineering","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroforming","display_name":"electroforming","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supplier-involvement","display_name":"supplier involvement","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-supplier-involvement","display_name":"early supplier involvement","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/team-empowerment","display_name":"team empowerment","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-learning","display_name":"organizational learning","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lessons-learned","display_name":"lessons learned","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cleanrooms","display_name":"cleanrooms","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-handling-systems","display_name":"air handling systems","score":0.8370000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15952604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179012","display_name":"Project management","level":2,"score":0.5503961443901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.5359004735946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.49223414063453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117009084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837060","display_name":"Facility management","level":2,"score":0.4831094741821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.481823593378067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168074093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2394609","display_name":"Project management triangle","level":3,"score":0.47035908699035645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777205345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454317","display_name":"Project team","level":2,"score":0.4587995409965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4396141469478607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58565012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112558","display_name":"Project planning","level":3,"score":0.42338818311691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4093494415283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.35058289766311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3165132701396942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.26437675952911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2217816412448883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2002)18:1(21)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144495243","display_name":"Journal of Management in Engineering","issn_l":"0742-597X","issn":["0742-597X","1943-5479","9742-597X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management in Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W592154442","https://openalex.org/W1480334084","https://openalex.org/W1526633521","https://openalex.org/W1579500445","https://openalex.org/W2004943971","https://openalex.org/W2036061237","https://openalex.org/W2037622946","https://openalex.org/W2092318779","https://openalex.org/W2101157755","https://openalex.org/W2106919063","https://openalex.org/W2147887731","https://openalex.org/W2158293709","https://openalex.org/W2312441113","https://openalex.org/W2809920453","https://openalex.org/W2811125420","https://openalex.org/W2811258994","https://openalex.org/W3040871910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1869774314","https://openalex.org/W2149144902","https://openalex.org/W1851774378","https://openalex.org/W2132108882","https://openalex.org/W2525210981","https://openalex.org/W2302968547","https://openalex.org/W76891827","https://openalex.org/W2617240022","https://openalex.org/W2810020818","https://openalex.org/W8552511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three":[0],"new":[1],"product":[2,95],"development":[3,40,70,96],"programs":[4],"attempting":[5],"to":[6,27,54,61,65,86,109,125,159,174,186,198,256],"meet":[7,126],"challenging":[8],"targets":[9],"for":[10],"time-to-market,":[11],"quality,":[12],"and":[13,21,39,41,69,71,107,113,131,170,192,228,246],"cost":[14],"were":[15],"in":[16],"urgent":[17],"need":[18,60],"of":[19,51,74,90,143,146,166,233],"space":[20],"facilities.":[22],"A":[23,115],"decision":[24],"was":[25,84,119,184],"made":[26],"reengineer":[28],"a":[29,49,147,157,199],"light":[30],"commercial":[31],"building":[32],"50":[33],"miles":[34],"from":[35,104,237],"the":[36,67,75,88,94,123,144,149,167,172,188,226,234],"main":[37],"research":[38,68],"manufacturing":[42,72],"facility.":[43],"This":[44,98],"satellite":[45],"facility":[46],"that":[47],"housed":[48],"supplier":[50],"electroformed":[52],"parts":[53],"another":[55],"original":[56],"equipment":[57],"manufacturer":[58],"would":[59],"be":[62],"entirely":[63],"retrofitted":[64],"accommodate":[66],"requirements":[73,128],"four":[76],"groups.":[77],"The":[78,139,179],"existing":[79],"corporate":[80],"facilities":[81,253],"engineering":[82,254],"group":[83],"unable":[85],"deliver":[87,187],"array":[89],"requests":[91],"generated":[92],"by":[93,153,163],"programs.":[97],"included":[99],"31":[100],"different":[101],"projects,":[102],"ranging":[103],"clean":[105],"rooms":[106],"labs":[108],"air":[110],"handling":[111],"systems":[112],"offices.":[114],"project":[116,140,181,218,239],"management":[117,182],"team":[118,173,183],"spun":[120],"off":[121],"with":[122],"directive":[124],"customer":[127,214],"on":[129,190,202],"time":[130,191],"within":[132,193],"budget\u2014even":[133],"if":[134],"it":[135],"meant":[136],"breaking":[137,230],"rules.":[138,231],"had":[141],"many":[142],"earmarks":[145],"\u201cskunkworks,\u201d":[148],"concept":[150],"originally":[151],"developed":[152],"Lockheed":[154],"Martin,":[155],"as":[156,243],"way":[158],"quickly":[160],"develop":[161],"solutions":[162],"bypassing":[164],"some":[165],"time-consuming":[168],"bureaucracy":[169],"allowing":[171],"make":[175],"ad":[176],"hoc":[177],"decisions.":[178],"skunkworks":[180],"able":[185],"projects":[189],"budget":[194],"by:":[195],"(1)":[196],"adhering":[197],"clear":[200],"focus":[201],"their":[203,258],"mission;":[204],"(2)":[205],"including":[206],"extensive":[207],"up-front":[208],"planning":[209],"efforts;":[210],"(3)":[211],"critically":[212],"analyzing":[213],"needs;":[215],"(4)":[216],"leveraging":[217],"overlaps;":[219],"(5)":[220],"involving":[221],"suppliers":[222],"early;":[223],"(6)":[224],"empowering":[225],"team;":[227],"(7)":[229],"Many":[232],"lessons":[235],"learned":[236],"this":[238],"are":[240,247],"being":[241,249],"treated":[242],"organizational":[244],"learning":[245],"currently":[248],"incorporated":[250],"into":[251],"other":[252],"groups":[255],"improve":[257],"operations.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}