{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006576336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710802650001","title":"Trilingualism (Spanish, English and Basque) in the educational system of the Basque country","display_name":"Trilingualism (Spanish, English and Basque) in the educational system of the Basque country","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006576336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710802650001","mag":"2006576336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14790710802650001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710802650001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710802650001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116265073","display_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","issn_l":"1479-0718","issn":["1479-0718","1747-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010763511","display_name":"Luis Joaristi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Joaristi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091581739","display_name":"Luis Lizasoain Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0753-2806","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0753-2806"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis Lizasoain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109999050","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Francisco Lukas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Francisco Lukas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030431017","display_name":"Karlos Santiago","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karlos Santiago","raw_affiliation_strings":["Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Depatment of Research Methods in Education, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091581739"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3557,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92425656,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"105","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12542","display_name":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.04610000178217888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14489","display_name":"Basque language and culture studies","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trilingualism","display_name":"trilingualism","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basque-language","display_name":"Basque language","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-language","display_name":"Spanish language","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language","display_name":"English language","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilingual-education","display_name":"bilingual education","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-policy","display_name":"language policy","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-models","display_name":"linguistic models","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lingua-franca","display_name":"lingua franca","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-proficiency","display_name":"language proficiency","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basque-country","display_name":"Basque Country","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilingual-education","display_name":"multilingual education","score":0.5230000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.6978665590286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5650214552879333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233107","display_name":"Bilingual education","level":2,"score":0.49574026465415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778035315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17070152","display_name":"Multilingual Education","level":3,"score":0.43316221237182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.42878457903862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.36975300312042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2234172821044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15958958864212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14790710802650001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710802650001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710802650001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116265073","display_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","issn_l":"1479-0718","issn":["1479-0718","1747-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Multilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W215013989","https://openalex.org/W343070086","https://openalex.org/W632282221","https://openalex.org/W1103877858","https://openalex.org/W1671396772","https://openalex.org/W1999632431","https://openalex.org/W2054528793","https://openalex.org/W2059921681","https://openalex.org/W2080061569","https://openalex.org/W2085137220","https://openalex.org/W2095898096","https://openalex.org/W2108836181","https://openalex.org/W2131674954","https://openalex.org/W2137644722","https://openalex.org/W2154432918","https://openalex.org/W2154480717","https://openalex.org/W2158672897","https://openalex.org/W2166951765","https://openalex.org/W2171476550","https://openalex.org/W2182739559","https://openalex.org/W2324392187","https://openalex.org/W2900384943","https://openalex.org/W4249736405","https://openalex.org/W4385676646"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3157557070","https://openalex.org/W7057878036","https://openalex.org/W7084105611","https://openalex.org/W2015306316","https://openalex.org/W4385676646","https://openalex.org/W2060191075","https://openalex.org/W2153465043","https://openalex.org/W3087969958","https://openalex.org/W2026901645","https://openalex.org/W7135828543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,178],"research":[1],"presented":[2],"here":[3,93],"aims":[4],"to":[5,110,123,152],"show":[6],"the":[7,21,54,67,113,128,135,140,158,162,172,176,183,192,200],"results":[8,114,179],"obtained":[9,180],"in":[10,32,61,108,187,191],"Spanish,":[11,75],"Basque":[12,22,73,188],"and":[13,31,46,51,74,149,198],"English":[14,199],"languages":[15,28,78],"for":[16,142,171],"a":[17,34,96,104,118],"bilingual":[18,35],"community":[19],"\u2013":[20,30],"Country":[23],"(in":[24],"which":[25,33,80],"two":[26],"official":[27],"coexist)":[29],"school":[36,155],"education":[37],"system":[38],"has":[39,100],"been":[40,101,169],"established":[41],"with":[42,196],"three":[43,143,153],"linguistic":[44,137],"Models":[45,64,138],"classified":[47],"as":[48,77,84,86],"A,":[49],"B":[50],"D":[52],"(as":[53],"letter":[55],"C":[56],"is":[57,91,94],"not":[58,95],"normally":[59],"used":[60],"Basque).":[62],"These":[63],"depend":[65],"on":[66,117],"greater":[68],"or":[69],"lesser":[70],"presence":[71],"of":[72,161,175],"both":[76],"through":[79],"studies":[81],"are":[82,115,186,202],"learnt":[83],"well":[85],"vehicular":[87],"languages.":[88],"Although":[89],"what":[90],"involved":[92],"longitudinal":[97],"study,":[98],"data":[99],"gathered":[102],"over":[103],"four-year":[105],"period":[106],"(2000\u20132003)":[107],"order":[109],"verify":[111],"that":[112,182],"stable":[116],"yearly":[119],"basis.":[120],"Also":[121],"requiring":[122],"be":[124],"verified":[125],"was":[126],"whether":[127],"possible":[129],"differences":[130,185,201],"arising":[131],"amongst":[132],"pupils":[133,190],"between":[134,189],"distinct":[136],"were":[139],"same":[141],"different":[144,154,193],"age":[145],"groups":[146],"(12,":[147],"14":[148],"16":[150],"corresponding":[151],"grades).":[156],"Given":[157],"nested":[159],"structure":[160],"data,":[163],"hierarchical":[164],"linear":[165],"models":[166],"(HLM)":[167],"have":[168],"employed":[170],"statistical":[173],"analysis":[174],"same.":[177],"confirm":[181],"greatest":[184],"Models,":[194],"while":[195],"Spanish":[197],"less.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
