{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006528655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","title":"Low technology tissue culture materials for initiation and multiplication of banana plants","display_name":"Low technology tissue culture materials for initiation and multiplication of banana plants","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006528655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","mag":"2006528655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/download/68653/56732","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50725954","display_name":"African Crop Science Journal","issn_l":"1021-9730","issn":["1021-9730","2072-6589"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Crop Science Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/download/68653/56732","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022469439","display_name":"Nicholas Mawira Gitonga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","display_name":"Kenyatta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2z3x69","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"NM Gitonga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072389713","display_name":"Omwoyo Ombori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5353-467X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5353-467X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","display_name":"Kenyatta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2z3x69","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O Ombori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021200249","display_name":"KSD Murithi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","display_name":"Kenyatta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2z3x69","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KSD Murithi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025669132","display_name":"Mathew Piero Ngugi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0226-9092","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0226-9092"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","display_name":"Kenyatta University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p2z3x69","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Ngugi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant and Microbial Sciences Department, Kenyatta University, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022469439"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0196,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89758014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10240","display_name":"Plant tissue culture and regeneration","score":0.8163999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10240","display_name":"Plant tissue culture and regeneration","score":0.8163999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12795","display_name":"Banana Cultivation and Research","score":0.1818999946117401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12834","display_name":"Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/banana","display_name":"banana","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/musa","display_name":"Musa","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micropropagation","display_name":"micropropagation","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glass-beads","display_name":"glass beads","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoot-multiplication","display_name":"shoot multiplication","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-reduction","display_name":"cost reduction","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plantlet-rooting","display_name":"plantlet rooting","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acclimatization","display_name":"acclimatization","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.675000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90703135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3287622","display_name":"Tissue culture","level":3,"score":0.5433031916618347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780822416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934105","display_name":"Micropropagation","level":4,"score":0.5247352719306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781186746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994697","display_name":"Plantlet","level":4,"score":0.4795615077018738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.44134849309921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43088074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188223","display_name":"Autoclave","level":2,"score":0.43391236662864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11002","display_name":"Sugar","level":2,"score":0.4241103231906891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.4239724278450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.3563482165336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3557467460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.33840417861938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3381531238555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2444341480731964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.24116846919059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10304415225982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/download/68653/56732","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50725954","display_name":"African Crop Science Journal","issn_l":"1021-9730","issn":["1021-9730","2072-6589"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Crop Science Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/47510","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/47510","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/ed470cdc-7def-49b2-a63d-2f5d5b391849/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400261","display_name":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.921.4867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.921.4867","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/download/68653/56732/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:cria:bioline:cs:cs10028","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bioline.org.br/abstract?id=cs10028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402188","display_name":"Bioline International (Bioline International)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"African Crop Science Journal (ISSN: 1021-9730) Vol 18 Num 4","raw_type":"AA"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir-library.ku.ac.ke:123456789/5915","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400122","display_name":"Kenyatta University Institutional Repository (Kenyatta University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153975220","host_organization_name":"Kenyatta University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153975220"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v18i4.68653","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/download/68653/56732","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50725954","display_name":"African Crop Science Journal","issn_l":"1021-9730","issn":["1021-9730","2072-6589"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Crop Science Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8409000039100647}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306149","display_name":"Rockefeller Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfkwk85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2006528655.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2006528655.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598637289","https://openalex.org/W1989513717","https://openalex.org/W2008973505","https://openalex.org/W2018980928","https://openalex.org/W2024556021","https://openalex.org/W2035398403","https://openalex.org/W2036462221","https://openalex.org/W2036496227","https://openalex.org/W2046368433","https://openalex.org/W2105510561","https://openalex.org/W2108760723","https://openalex.org/W2113984681","https://openalex.org/W2142170629","https://openalex.org/W2147653867","https://openalex.org/W2158512312","https://openalex.org/W2280329987","https://openalex.org/W2367440481","https://openalex.org/W2502019035","https://openalex.org/W3005898321","https://openalex.org/W3151578707","https://openalex.org/W4237102050","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6724386297","https://openalex.org/W6773426419"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081775220","https://openalex.org/W2288181041","https://openalex.org/W3424705","https://openalex.org/W6903929333","https://openalex.org/W2183551440","https://openalex.org/W96414884","https://openalex.org/W2573966446","https://openalex.org/W3020605144","https://openalex.org/W1908421636","https://openalex.org/W2801108962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tissue":[0],"culturing":[1,101],"has":[2],"become":[3],"a":[4,39,137],"routine":[5],"method":[6],"for":[7,25,42,221],"propagating":[8],"plants":[9,209],"in":[10,30,49,78,215],"high":[11,24],"technology":[12],"laboratories.":[13],"The":[14,165],"cost":[15,57,95,114,159,227],"of":[16,27,58,82,96,141,145,149,160,167,180,223],"production":[17],"using":[18,136],"conventional":[19,233],"tissue":[20,59,100],"culture":[21,60],"is,":[22],"however,":[23,74],"most":[26],"the":[28,31,55,68,75,94,113,130,158,161,178,216,232],"countries":[29],"sub-Saharan":[32],"Africa.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"study,":[36],"we":[37],"evaluated":[38],"micropropagating":[40],"protocol":[41],"local":[43],"banana":[44,99],"(Musa":[45],"spp.)":[46],"(Muunju":[47],"landrace)":[48],"Kenya":[50],"asan":[51],"alternative":[52],"to":[53,67,121,154,172,177,189,231],"reduce":[54],"unit":[56],"micropropagation.":[61],"Matrices":[62],"were":[63,134,184,187,210],"satisfactory":[64],"and":[65,91,110,132,152,169,191,213],"comparable":[66],"gelling":[69],"agents.":[70],"Glass":[71],"beads":[72],"were,":[73],"best":[76],"matrix":[77],"shoot":[79],"multiplication.":[80],"Use":[81,144],"support":[83],"matrices,":[84],"locally":[85,224],"available":[86,225],"macronutrients,":[87],"micronutrients,":[88],"sugar,":[89],"equipment":[90,133,162],"facility":[92],"reduced":[93,157],"consumable":[97],"materialfor":[98],"by":[102,163],"about":[103],"94%.":[104],"Putting":[105],"into":[106],"account":[107],"energy,":[108],"labour":[109],"capital":[111],"investments,":[112],"dropped":[115],"from":[116],"approximately":[117],"US":[118],"$":[119],"1.5":[120],"1.0":[122],"per":[123],"plantlet.":[124],"Contamination":[125],"was":[126,174],"not":[127],"observed":[128],"when":[129],"media":[131],"sterilised":[135],"pressure":[138],"cooker":[139],"instead":[140,148],"an":[142],"autoclave.":[143],"plastic":[146],"syringes":[147],"glass":[150],"cylinders":[151],"micropipettes,":[153],"measure":[155],"volumes":[156],"96%.":[164],"risk":[166],"damage":[168],"loss":[170],"due":[171],"breakage":[173],"eliminated":[175],"compared":[176],"use":[179,222],"glassware":[181],"equipment.":[182],"Shoots":[183],"rooted":[185],"whenthey":[186],"transferred":[188],"Murashige":[190],"Skoog":[192],"(MS)":[193],"medium":[194],"supplemented":[195],"with":[196],"1":[197,204],"mg":[198,205],"l-1":[199,206],"napthaleneacetic":[200],"acid":[201],"(NAA)":[202],"or":[203],"Anatone.":[207],"Acclimatised":[208],"successfully":[211],"transplanted":[212],"established":[214],"field.":[217],"There":[218],"is":[219],"potential":[220],"low":[226],"resources":[228],"as":[229],"alternatives":[230],"costly":[234],"laboratoryresources.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}