{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006495668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a310877","title":"Explaining the Membership of Sectoral Business Associations","display_name":"Explaining the Membership of Sectoral Business Associations","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006495668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a310877","mag":"2006495668"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1068/a310877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a310877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a310877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87933477","display_name":"Environment and Planning A Economy and Space","issn_l":"0308-518X","issn":["0308-518X","1472-3409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018761236","display_name":"Robert J. Bennett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3940-1760","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3940-1760"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R J Bennett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018761236"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0263,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95910982,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"877","last_page":"898"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12225","display_name":"Political Influence and Corporate Strategies","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12225","display_name":"Political Influence and Corporate Strategies","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10344","display_name":"Management and Organizational Studies","score":0.26420000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11120","display_name":"Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering","score":0.066600002348423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-associations","display_name":"trade associations","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-associations","display_name":"professional associations","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association-membership","display_name":"association membership","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sector-concentration","display_name":"sector concentration","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/owner-managers","display_name":"owner-managers","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federation","display_name":"federation","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8203630447387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6736736297607422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6036215424537659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199568422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48204","display_name":"Voluntary association","level":2,"score":0.5297226309776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134215751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829080","display_name":"Professional association","level":2,"score":0.48917558789253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3560307025909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.31088006496429443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29160672426223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24566474556922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14210206270217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.1123509407043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1068/a310877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a310877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1068/a310877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87933477","display_name":"Environment and Planning A Economy and Space","issn_l":"0308-518X","issn":["0308-518X","1472-3409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:pio:envira:v:31:y:1999:i:5:p:877-898","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.envplan.com/abstract.cgi?id=a310877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:envira:v:31:y:1999:i:5:p:877-898","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1068/a310877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W586066246","https://openalex.org/W1488105598","https://openalex.org/W1542122380","https://openalex.org/W1989785385","https://openalex.org/W1992749992","https://openalex.org/W2035859946","https://openalex.org/W2037470529","https://openalex.org/W2037822062","https://openalex.org/W2058034180","https://openalex.org/W2063283673","https://openalex.org/W2082898223","https://openalex.org/W2102834054","https://openalex.org/W2115953976","https://openalex.org/W2162937137","https://openalex.org/W2278811083","https://openalex.org/W2324656367","https://openalex.org/W2329278968","https://openalex.org/W2990162134","https://openalex.org/W4298026816","https://openalex.org/W4298413470","https://openalex.org/W4300545775","https://openalex.org/W4301281432"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037470529","https://openalex.org/W2080704978","https://openalex.org/W2488793239","https://openalex.org/W2104139243","https://openalex.org/W2059904959","https://openalex.org/W2475320814","https://openalex.org/W1568455073","https://openalex.org/W2578479939","https://openalex.org/W2166335727","https://openalex.org/W2476794535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"gives":[2],"the":[3,9,12,22,25,31,74,81,88,104,112,115,121,131,134,142],"first":[4],"systematic":[5],"statistical":[6],"assessment":[7],"of":[8,14,21,27,33,47,68,83,96,98,103,106,114,133,136,144,151],"factors":[10,90],"explaining":[11,91],"membership":[13,93,122],"sector":[15,152],"business":[16],"associations.":[17,148],"An":[18],"important":[19],"aspect":[20],"argument":[23],"is":[24],"importance":[26],"differentiating":[28],"associations":[29,140],"by":[30],"types":[32,67],"their":[34,39,43,109],"members":[35,99],"because":[36],"this":[37],"reflects":[38],"demand":[40],"orientation":[41],"and":[42,62,86,111,124,141,158],"decisionmaking":[44],"structures.":[45],"Associations":[46],"companies":[48],"(traditionally":[49,54],"termed":[50,55],"trade":[51,139],"associations),":[52,57],"individuals":[53],"professional":[56],"owner-managers,":[58],"mixed":[59],"member":[60,69],"types,":[61],"federations":[63],"are":[64,161],"each":[65],"different":[66,89],"bodies.":[70],"The":[71,127,149],"estimates":[72],"in":[73,108],"paper,":[75],"using":[76],"new":[77],"survey":[78],"evidence,":[79],"confirm":[80,130],"significance":[82],"these":[84],"distinctions":[85],"demonstrate":[87],"association":[92,154,156,171],"size,":[94,157],"density":[95],"encompassing":[97],"(as":[100],"a":[101],"proportion":[102,113],"number":[105],"businesses":[107],"sector,":[110],"sector's":[116],"turnover),":[117],"as":[118,120],"well":[119],"joining":[123],"lapsing":[125],"rates.":[126],"results":[128],"generally":[129],"dominance":[132],"logic":[135,143],"influence":[137],"on":[138,146],"services":[145],"other":[147],"role":[150],"concentration,":[153],"age,":[155],"management":[159],"structure":[160],"also":[162],"shown":[163],"to":[164],"be":[165],"significant":[166],"explanatory":[167],"variables":[168],"for":[169],"some":[170],"types.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}