{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006464778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","title":"Africa's 32 Cents Solution for HIV/AIDS","display_name":"Africa's 32 Cents Solution for HIV/AIDS","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006464778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","mag":"2006464778","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19479041","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2682705"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46544255","display_name":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases","issn_l":"1935-2727","issn":["1935-2727","1935-2735"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087704375","display_name":"Peter Jay Hotez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8770-1042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8770-1042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149307","display_name":"Sabin Vaccine Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/042te9f59","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Hotez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America","Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, D.C., United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, D.C., United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111820373","display_name":"Alan Fenwick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alan Fenwick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Schistosomiasis Control Initiative, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schistosomiasis Control Initiative, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087778323","display_name":"Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-1095","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-1095"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eyrun F. Kjetland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087704375","https://openalex.org/A5087778323","https://openalex.org/A5111820373"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175","https://openalex.org/I184942183","https://openalex.org/I193531525","https://openalex.org/I4210149307","https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":2670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2670},"apc_paid":{"value":2670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2670},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"5","first_page":"e430","last_page":"e430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10695","display_name":"Parasites and Host Interactions","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10695","display_name":"Parasites and Host Interactions","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-prevention","display_name":"HIV prevention","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-schistosomiasis","display_name":"urinary schistosomiasis","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schistosomiasis-transmission","display_name":"schistosomiasis transmission","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexually-transmitted-infections","display_name":"sexually transmitted infections","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-sexual-partners","display_name":"female sexual partners","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-cost-interventions","display_name":"low-cost interventions","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-population","display_name":"rural population","score":0.5479999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.7892303466796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780133432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6784028","display_name":"Mass drug administration","level":3,"score":0.7265379428863525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776225656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221159","display_name":"Schistosomiasis","level":3,"score":0.6780728101730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5768639445304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5431245565414429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5204125046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4822695851325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4730191230773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779744950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424145","display_name":"Praziquantel","level":4,"score":0.4681656062602997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776246342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929451","display_name":"Neglected tropical diseases","level":3,"score":0.4517742991447449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.43638935685157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.36780011653900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3267439305782318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.27956318855285645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.2039811611175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.20177313685417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.14518728852272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12373334169387817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10373184084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165901193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3129936","display_name":"Helminths","level":2,"score":0.09508699178695679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000349","descriptor_name":"Africa","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012552","descriptor_name":"Schistosomiasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012552","descriptor_name":"Schistosomiasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012552","descriptor_name":"Schistosomiasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D052776","descriptor_name":"Female Urogenital Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D052776","descriptor_name":"Female Urogenital Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D052776","descriptor_name":"Female Urogenital Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46544255","display_name":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases","issn_l":"1935-2727","issn":["1935-2727","1935-2735"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2682705","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2682705","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:19479041","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19479041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8f1a9d6fcbc64b9e802c515896d08f95","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8f1a9d6fcbc64b9e802c515896d08f95","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 3, Iss 5, p e430 (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000430&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46544255","display_name":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases","issn_l":"1935-2727","issn":["1935-2727","1935-2735"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.41670000553131104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2006464778.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2006464778.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96547144","https://openalex.org/W1863552396","https://openalex.org/W1928588218","https://openalex.org/W1967732935","https://openalex.org/W1988963904","https://openalex.org/W1993867737","https://openalex.org/W2010872276","https://openalex.org/W2011174129","https://openalex.org/W2011786949","https://openalex.org/W2029903395","https://openalex.org/W2030845393","https://openalex.org/W2032591512","https://openalex.org/W2041136417","https://openalex.org/W2046069946","https://openalex.org/W2048541987","https://openalex.org/W2048632440","https://openalex.org/W2062691931","https://openalex.org/W2062989113","https://openalex.org/W2071194224","https://openalex.org/W2082179148","https://openalex.org/W2088933904","https://openalex.org/W2114453272","https://openalex.org/W2129083447","https://openalex.org/W2132753699","https://openalex.org/W2135996116","https://openalex.org/W2143722138","https://openalex.org/W2152571142","https://openalex.org/W2154227050","https://openalex.org/W2156179518","https://openalex.org/W2158010330","https://openalex.org/W2164639679","https://openalex.org/W2170412339","https://openalex.org/W2261469548","https://openalex.org/W2403272036","https://openalex.org/W2461023609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099973303","https://openalex.org/W1987985972","https://openalex.org/W2102038090","https://openalex.org/W1993009322","https://openalex.org/W2033574155","https://openalex.org/W3158011830","https://openalex.org/W7097250504","https://openalex.org/W2165477249","https://openalex.org/W4231942496","https://openalex.org/W2065525491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"preventing":[1],"urogenital":[2],"schistosomiasis":[3],"in":[4],"sexually":[5],"active":[6],"females":[7],"through":[8],"simple":[9],"and":[10,17,22],"low-cost":[11],"methods,":[12],"we":[13],"have":[14],"an":[15],"innovative":[16],"timely":[18],"opportunity":[19],"to":[20],"reduce":[21],"possibly":[23],"interrupt":[24],"HIV/AIDS":[25],"transmission":[26],"throughout":[27],"many":[28],"rural":[29],"areas":[30],"of":[31],"sub-Saharan":[32],"Africa.":[33]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}