{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006347546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2998218","title":"Cross-National Variation in the Political Sophistication of Individuals: Capability or Choice?","display_name":"Cross-National Variation in the Political Sophistication of Individuals: Capability or Choice?","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006347546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2998218","mag":"2006347546"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2998218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2998218","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2998218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95650557","display_name":"The Journal of Politics","issn_l":"0022-3816","issn":["0022-3816","1468-2508"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088440906","display_name":"Stacy B. Gordon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacy B. Gordon","raw_affiliation_strings":["","university of california, davis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of california, davis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002348331","display_name":"Gary M. Segura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6013-1705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6013-1705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136722135","display_name":"Claremont Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/0157pnt69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary M. Segura","raw_affiliation_strings":["","The Claremont Graduate School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Claremont Graduate School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.5007,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":257,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97415673,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"1","first_page":"126","last_page":"147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13291","display_name":"Political Theory and Democracy","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13721","display_name":"Political Science Research and Education","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-sophistication","display_name":"political sophistication","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-variation","display_name":"cross-national variation","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-system","display_name":"party system","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electoral-systems","display_name":"electoral systems","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-bodies","display_name":"legislatures","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-information","display_name":"political information","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-member-states","display_name":"EU member states","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168725872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q991663","display_name":"Sophistication","level":2,"score":0.8922162652015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779707719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063239","display_name":"Polity","level":3,"score":0.8022470474243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.7961050271987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.6751105785369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.6622883677482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6528001427650452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5688408613204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5670379996299744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99656134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912993","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","level":2,"score":0.5200602412223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.49784088134765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.43612852692604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3857169449329376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3048527240753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.30011922121047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17834702134132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12783411145210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.07705280184745789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07626497745513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2998218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2998218","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2998218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95650557","display_name":"The Journal of Politics","issn_l":"0022-3816","issn":["0022-3816","1468-2508"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162149263","https://openalex.org/W1561602211","https://openalex.org/W1925504877","https://openalex.org/W1973394375","https://openalex.org/W1973854346","https://openalex.org/W1977111456","https://openalex.org/W1977825494","https://openalex.org/W1978544641","https://openalex.org/W1980183495","https://openalex.org/W1982581776","https://openalex.org/W1986237476","https://openalex.org/W1986713131","https://openalex.org/W1989018242","https://openalex.org/W1991081872","https://openalex.org/W1993898145","https://openalex.org/W2004409126","https://openalex.org/W2015475645","https://openalex.org/W2017526808","https://openalex.org/W2020917353","https://openalex.org/W2023522548","https://openalex.org/W2026484212","https://openalex.org/W2029887656","https://openalex.org/W2036365749","https://openalex.org/W2044702359","https://openalex.org/W2047080701","https://openalex.org/W2049375742","https://openalex.org/W2066569385","https://openalex.org/W2072385746","https://openalex.org/W2072395157","https://openalex.org/W2074050541","https://openalex.org/W2087472781","https://openalex.org/W2087748977","https://openalex.org/W2088703500","https://openalex.org/W2100576550","https://openalex.org/W2105798121","https://openalex.org/W2117318745","https://openalex.org/W2124419777","https://openalex.org/W2125872586","https://openalex.org/W2127763650","https://openalex.org/W2150908705","https://openalex.org/W2157979842","https://openalex.org/W2161752832","https://openalex.org/W2163657079","https://openalex.org/W2168695899","https://openalex.org/W2313151606","https://openalex.org/W2313167781","https://openalex.org/W2315583160","https://openalex.org/W2323019830","https://openalex.org/W2324427833","https://openalex.org/W2326470550","https://openalex.org/W2503645430","https://openalex.org/W2606537779","https://openalex.org/W2795975101","https://openalex.org/W2798572278","https://openalex.org/W3042174858","https://openalex.org/W3138417305","https://openalex.org/W4211070554","https://openalex.org/W4214920965","https://openalex.org/W4238489388","https://openalex.org/W4241818921","https://openalex.org/W4250130736","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298037036","https://openalex.org/W4300170376","https://openalex.org/W4300457368","https://openalex.org/W4324120542"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389364599","https://openalex.org/W2478586597","https://openalex.org/W7095744303","https://openalex.org/W7097685356","https://openalex.org/W3034911610","https://openalex.org/W2010564866","https://openalex.org/W2169074528","https://openalex.org/W2029887656","https://openalex.org/W3033197485","https://openalex.org/W7221479833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"argue":[1],"that":[2],"structural":[3],"and":[4,11,26,36,94],"contextual":[5],"factors":[6],"substantially":[7],"affect":[8,32],"the":[9,20,23,33,48,58,68,72,81,95,101],"costs":[10],"benefits":[12],"to":[13],"individuals":[14],"of":[15,29,38,47,55,71,100],"becoming":[16],"politically":[17],"sophisticated.":[18],"If":[19],"party":[21],"system,":[22,25],"electoral":[24],"legislative":[27],"institutions":[28],"a":[30],"polity":[31],"availability,":[34],"clarity,":[35],"usefulness":[37],"political":[39],"information,":[40],"they":[41],"will":[42],"also":[43],"account":[44],"for":[45,80,91],"some":[46],"cross-national":[49,64,103],"variance":[50],"in":[51],"any":[52],"individual-level":[53,92],"measure":[54],"sophistication.":[56],"Testing":[57],"Ordinary":[59],"Least":[60],"Squares":[61],"model":[62,96],"using":[63],"survey":[65],"data":[66],"from":[67],"twelve":[69],"nations":[70],"pre-1995":[73],"European":[74],"Union,":[75],"we":[76,89],"find":[77],"substantial":[78],"support":[79,85],"hypothesized":[82],"relationships.":[83],"This":[84],"remains":[86],"robust":[87],"when":[88],"control":[90],"factors,":[93],"explains":[97],"virtually":[98],"all":[99],"available":[102],"variance.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
