{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006335368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","title":"Liver Enzyme Abnormalities and Associated Risk Factors in HIV Patients on Efavirenz-Based HAART with or without Tuberculosis Co-Infection in Tanzania","display_name":"Liver Enzyme Abnormalities and Associated Risk Factors in HIV Patients on Efavirenz-Based HAART with or without Tuberculosis Co-Infection in Tanzania","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006335368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","mag":"2006335368","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22808112","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3394799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040180&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040180&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059625329","display_name":"Sabina Ferdinand Mugusi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-0564","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-0564"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094988","display_name":"Stockholm South General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00ncfk576","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137662","display_name":"Muhimbili National Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02xvk2686","country_code":"TZ","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137662"]}],"countries":["SE","TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabina Mugusi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, S\u00f6dersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden","Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, S\u00f6dersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907","https://openalex.org/I4210094988"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111793895","display_name":"Eliford Ngaimisi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335113835","display_name":"Karolinska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE","TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eliford Ngaimisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031532217","display_name":"Mohamed Janabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-1785","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-1785"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Janabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060657310","display_name":"Omary Minzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8692-1924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8692-1924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omary Minzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112106612","display_name":"Muhammad Bakari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3914-1676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3914-1676"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Bakari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110053007","display_name":"Klaus\u2010Dieter Riedel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus-Dieter Riedel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018056534","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Burhenne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2190-1698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2190-1698"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juergen Burhenne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083805893","display_name":"Lars Lindquist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3530-7382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3530-7382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335113835","display_name":"Karolinska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Lindquist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071539184","display_name":"Ferdinand M Mugusi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-4913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-4913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferdinand Mugusi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073981579","display_name":"Eric Sandstr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6659-1053","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6659-1053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094988","display_name":"Stockholm South General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00ncfk576","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094988"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Sandstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, S\u00f6dersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, S\u00f6dersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907","https://openalex.org/I4210094988"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041138412","display_name":"Eleni Aklillu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9788-0790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9788-0790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335113835","display_name":"Karolinska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eleni Aklillu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041138412"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"],"apc_list":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"apc_paid":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"fwci":3.7303,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92844638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"7","first_page":"e40180","last_page":"e40180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.7817000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.7817000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.1720999926328659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.016599999740719795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-induced-liver-injury","display_name":"drug-induced liver injury","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efavirenz","display_name":"efavirenz","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-co-infection","display_name":"tuberculosis co-infection","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-tb-co-infection","display_name":"HIV/TB coinfection","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyp2b6-6","display_name":"CYP2B6*6","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacogenetics","display_name":"pharmacogenetics","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyp3a5","display_name":"CYP3A5","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slco1b1","display_name":"SLCO1B1","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antituberculosis-drugs","display_name":"antitubercular agents","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatotoxicity","display_name":"hepatotoxicity","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-count","display_name":"CD4 count","score":0.460999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781432083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422645","display_name":"Efavirenz","level":5,"score":0.8914381265640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7798788547515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6673448085784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.6201472282409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5804340243339539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243018","display_name":"Coinfection","level":3,"score":0.5391998291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.45763731002807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.4445483088493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207103383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246","display_name":"Hazard ratio","level":3,"score":0.41579949855804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779384505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007513","display_name":"Concomitant","level":2,"score":0.4143497943878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.36096078157424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.22072061896324158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.18612396717071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.1471465826034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10023155808448792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000480","descriptor_name":"Alkynes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003521","descriptor_name":"Cyclopropanes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003710","descriptor_name":"Demography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006239","descriptor_name":"Haplotypes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010597","descriptor_name":"Pharmacogenetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013636","descriptor_name":"Tanzania","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016016","descriptor_name":"Proportional Hazards Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023241","descriptor_name":"Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D048588","descriptor_name":"Benzoxazines","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D048588","descriptor_name":"Benzoxazines","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053208","descriptor_name":"Kaplan-Meier Estimate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056486","descriptor_name":"Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056486","descriptor_name":"Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056486","descriptor_name":"Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060085","descriptor_name":"Coinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060085","descriptor_name":"Coinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040180&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2402736","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3394799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3394799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3394799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22808112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22808112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ihi.eprints.org:1965","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ihi.eprints.org/1965/1/Sabina_Mugusi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://ihi.eprints.org/1965/1/Sabina_Mugusi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922887","display_name":"IHI Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.777.1781","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.777.1781","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/80/5c/pone.0040180.PMC3394799.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2e97b6cae71e4ef6bd97da19e862f8dc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2e97b6cae71e4ef6bd97da19e862f8dc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e40180 (2012)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040180","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040180&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1488023141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HIV-2006-031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307875","funder_display_name":"Styrelsen f\u00f6r Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2142984629","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SWE 2007-270","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307875","funder_display_name":"Styrelsen f\u00f6r Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5173030180","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CT.2005.32030.001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307875","display_name":"Styrelsen f\u00f6r Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete","ror":"https://ror.org/01fn7me06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership","ror":"https://ror.org/031jv9v19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2006335368.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2006335368.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1676117","https://openalex.org/W38847137","https://openalex.org/W66300265","https://openalex.org/W170465674","https://openalex.org/W1580548182","https://openalex.org/W1702638615","https://openalex.org/W2003268732","https://openalex.org/W2005776262","https://openalex.org/W2008514630","https://openalex.org/W2011578101","https://openalex.org/W2020976497","https://openalex.org/W2031223980","https://openalex.org/W2036150930","https://openalex.org/W2045553658","https://openalex.org/W2049761843","https://openalex.org/W2050065293","https://openalex.org/W2053840035","https://openalex.org/W2054714111","https://openalex.org/W2061290402","https://openalex.org/W2063725536","https://openalex.org/W2064169011","https://openalex.org/W2077210334","https://openalex.org/W2078584349","https://openalex.org/W2079063281","https://openalex.org/W2082749288","https://openalex.org/W2086199174","https://openalex.org/W2089246310","https://openalex.org/W2091991954","https://openalex.org/W2105902511","https://openalex.org/W2118573646","https://openalex.org/W2119353831","https://openalex.org/W2122517556","https://openalex.org/W2128533678","https://openalex.org/W2131255218","https://openalex.org/W2135549849","https://openalex.org/W2139681313","https://openalex.org/W2143027438","https://openalex.org/W2143047723","https://openalex.org/W2143166235","https://openalex.org/W2144467620","https://openalex.org/W2147458465","https://openalex.org/W2147877785","https://openalex.org/W2157712198","https://openalex.org/W2160072116","https://openalex.org/W2163059491","https://openalex.org/W2164099843","https://openalex.org/W2166822423","https://openalex.org/W2167794954","https://openalex.org/W2168856151","https://openalex.org/W2272523073","https://openalex.org/W2317069692","https://openalex.org/W2416817724","https://openalex.org/W4250547951"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097963488","https://openalex.org/W1653745225","https://openalex.org/W2042036586","https://openalex.org/W2078584349","https://openalex.org/W2591517436","https://openalex.org/W2569522001","https://openalex.org/W2104056034","https://openalex.org/W7117475268","https://openalex.org/W2256043721","https://openalex.org/W1986552147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"investigate":[2],"the":[3,214,270],"timing,":[4],"incidence,":[5],"clinical":[6,68],"presentation,":[7],"pharmacokinetics":[8],"and":[9,14,43,54,58,62,69,76,101,131,155,179,199,213,228,246,258],"pharmacogenetic":[10],"predictors":[11,104,186],"for":[12,91],"antiretroviral":[13,82],"anti-tuberculosis":[15,229],"drug":[16],"induced":[17],"liver":[18,276],"injury":[19,277],"(DILI)":[20],"in":[21,164,216,220,233,278],"HIV":[22,38,41],"patients":[23,39,127,165,221],"with":[24,45,166,222,260],"or":[25,223],"without":[26,224],"TB":[27],"co-infection.":[28],"METHODS":[29],"AND":[30],"FINDINGS:":[31],"A":[32],"total":[33],"of":[34,81,94,99,103,115,149,187,272],"473":[35],"treatment":[36,250],"na\u00efve":[37],"(253":[40],"only":[42],"220":[44],"HIV-TB":[46],"co-infection)":[47],"were":[48,65,72],"enrolled":[49],"prospectively.":[50],"Plasma":[51],"efavirenz":[52,273],"concentration":[53],"CYP2B6*6,":[55],"CYP3A5*3,":[56],"*6":[57],"*7,":[59],"ABCB1":[60],"3435C/T":[61],"SLCO1B1":[63],"genotypes":[64],"determined.":[66],"Demographic,":[67],"laboratory":[70],"data":[71],"collected":[73],"at":[74],"baseline":[75],"up":[77],"to":[78,89,191,256],"48":[79],"weeks":[80,195],"therapy.":[83],"DILI":[84,100,116,167,192,201,210,230,241],"case":[85],"definition":[86],"was":[87,105,117,161,193,203,211,218],"according":[88],"Council":[90],"International":[92],"Organizations":[93],"Medical":[95],"Sciences":[96],"(CIOMS).":[97],"Incidence":[98],"identification":[102],"evaluated":[106],"using":[107],"Cox":[108],"Proportional":[109],"Hazards":[110],"Model.":[111],"The":[112],"overall":[113],"incidence":[114],"7.8%":[118],"(8.3":[119],"per":[120,135,145],"1000":[121,136,146],"person-week),":[122],"being":[123],"non-significantly":[124],"higher":[125,163],"among":[126],"receiving":[128,140],"concomitant":[129],"anti-TB":[130,259],"HAART":[132,141,197,239,257,275],"(10.0%,":[133],"10.7":[134],"person-week)":[137],"than":[138,168],"those":[139,169],"alone":[142],"(5.9%,":[143],"6.3":[144],"person-week).":[147],"Frequency":[148],"CYP2B6*6":[150],"allele":[151],"(p":[152,158],"=":[153,159],"0.03)":[154],"CYP2B6*6/*6":[156,177],"genotype":[157,178,268],"0.06)":[160],"significantly":[162],"without.":[170],"Multivariate":[171],"cox":[172],"regression":[173],"model":[174],"indicated":[175],"that":[176],"anti-HCV":[180],"IgG":[181],"antibody":[182],"positive":[183],"as":[184],"significant":[185],"DILI.":[188,225],"Median":[189],"time":[190],"2":[194],"after":[196,205],"initiation":[198],"no":[200],"onset":[202],"observed":[204],"12":[206],"weeks.":[207],"No":[208],"severe":[209],"seen":[212,242],"gain":[215],"CD4":[217],"similar":[219,261],"CONCLUSIONS:":[226],"Antiretroviral":[227],"does":[231],"occur":[232],"our":[234],"setting,":[235],"presenting":[236],"early":[237],"following":[238],"initiation.":[240],"is":[243,253],"mild,":[244],"transient":[245],"may":[247],"not":[248],"require":[249],"interruption.":[251],"There":[252],"good":[254],"tolerance":[255],"immunological":[262],"outcomes.":[263],"Genetic":[264],"make-up":[265],"mainly":[266],"CYP2B6":[267],"influences":[269],"development":[271],"based":[274],"Tanzanians.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
