{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006240967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2007-038","title":"\u201cA Lack of Legitimate Obedience and Respect\u201d: Slaves and Their Masters in the Courts of Late Colonial Buenos Aires","display_name":"\u201cA Lack of Legitimate Obedience and Respect\u201d: Slaves and Their Masters in the Courts of Late Colonial Buenos Aires","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006240967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2007-038","mag":"2006240967"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1215/00182168-2007-038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2007-038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2007-038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25748888","display_name":"Hispanic American Historical Review","issn_l":"0018-2168","issn":["0018-2168","1527-1900"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","latindex","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315698","host_organization_name":"Duke University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315698","https://openalex.org/P4310315572"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duke University Press","Duke University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hispanic American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073121888","display_name":"Lyman L. Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lyman L. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073121888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97767717,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"4","first_page":"631","last_page":"657"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.8393999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.8393999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12283","display_name":"Latin American history and culture","score":0.07800000160932541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13460","display_name":"Historical Studies in Latin America","score":0.039500001817941666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slavery","display_name":"slavery","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colonial-courts","display_name":"colonial courts","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buenos-aires","display_name":"Buenos Aires","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-colonial-period","display_name":"late colonial period","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abolition-of-slavery","display_name":"abolition of slavery","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-status-of-slaves","display_name":"legal status of slaves","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inheritance-dispute","display_name":"inheritance dispute","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colonial-legal-history","display_name":"colonial legal history","score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archivo-general-de-la-nacion","display_name":"Archivo General de la Naci\u00f3n","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/san-juan","display_name":"San Juan","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179958297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456974","display_name":"Obedience","level":2,"score":0.9275466799736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531593650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167","display_name":"Colonialism","level":2,"score":0.867543637752533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.510702908039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.42786917090415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.34450072050094604}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1215/00182168-2007-038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2007-038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2007-038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25748888","display_name":"Hispanic American Historical Review","issn_l":"0018-2168","issn":["0018-2168","1527-1900"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","latindex","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315698","host_organization_name":"Duke University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315698","https://openalex.org/P4310315572"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duke University Press","Duke University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hispanic American Historical Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4249211169","https://openalex.org/W7169704588","https://openalex.org/W7011535465","https://openalex.org/W2981274863","https://openalex.org/W3109314320","https://openalex.org/W7123704007","https://openalex.org/W1533512400","https://openalex.org/W2094923822","https://openalex.org/W7005748163","https://openalex.org/W2997963132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,205,610,739,955,1899,2196,2274,2354,2617,2750,2916,2977,3728,4223,4658,4846,5114,5278,5788,5899,5980,5998,6094,6492,6972,7146,7167,7288,7364,7546,8103,8333,8423,8930],"Buenos":[1,121,141,327,500,841,1118,2016,2166,2182,2429,2452,2472,2499,2502,2757,2772,3058,3175,3249,3404,3674,5829,5967,6581,6784,7031,7068,7221,8421,9039],"Aires,":[2,142,328,2167,2183,7032],"on":[3,243,532,630,805,872,1222,1334,1530,1926,1996,2419,2734,3006,3102,3283,3384,3553,3857,3953,3988,4358,4665,4926,5558,5887,6068,6284,6291,6346,6743,6958,6993,7085,8011,8037,8398,8410,8679],"October":[4],"26,":[5],"1759,":[6],"Don":[7,44,69,2782,3371,3878,3944,3957,4738,5195,5621,5799,6279,6463,7037,7233,7357,7449,7724,7765,7881,8114,8443,8522,8714],"Alonso":[8],"Isidro":[9],"Rodriguez":[10,133,167,192,207,300,768,789,822,1309,1722,2092],"de":[11,56,134,168,193,208,301,323,379,769,790,823,1310,1667,1723,2093,2409,3246,3277,3374,3570,3902,3908,4106,4611,4742,4764,5119,5125,5605,5802,5839,6055,6361,7039,8108,8116,8435,8819],"la":[12,135,169,194,209,302,324,770,791,824,1311,1724,2094,2410,5606,8436],"Pe\u00f1a":[13,170,195,210,303,825,2095],"replied":[14,8312,8865],"in":[15,27,102,132,140,174,251,307,319,326,459,497,523,561,648,660,694,716,812,860,1033,1072,1080,1097,1105,1115,1138,1142,1414,1443,1470,1516,1643,1656,1836,1848,1866,1878,1904,2011,2013,2020,2055,2071,2121,2165,2191,2200,2226,2396,2406,2451,2582,2631,2650,2743,2756,2760,2908,2965,3009,3057,3094,3122,3161,3198,3204,3251,3352,3423,3457,3462,3500,3511,3611,3639,3673,3683,3844,3886,3893,3991,4035,4045,4056,4113,4336,4427,4463,4467,4507,4576,4585,4614,4645,4652,4683,4834,4881,4948,4956,4982,5030,5074,5085,5094,5111,5133,5174,5240,5263,5301,5334,5417,5550,5576,5674,5731,5743,5766,5809,5811,5820,5959,5964,6186,6312,6371,6425,6454,6578,6589,6772,6829,6863,6928,6977,7019,7030,7067,7096,7101,7134,7185,7198,7213,7227,7284,7339,7372,7674,7741,7786,7840,7996,8033,8053,8226,8269,8322,8418,8477,8550,8614,8621,8631,8642,8673,8731,8766,8816,8850,8962,8977,9002,9036,9060,9098,9361,9408],"writing":[16],"to":[17,52,73,90,98,120,147,155,161,283,290,304,344,360,390,397,434,461,511,543,584,658,683,776,794,863,943,980,988,1094,1102,1149,1171,1199,1233,1244,1274,1286,1303,1350,1354,1373,1472,1488,1535,1572,1596,1600,1622,1640,1651,1681,1803,1822,1869,1887,1907,1955,1975,2048,2249,2288,2311,2398,2400,2426,2437,2441,2474,2491,2523,2596,2601,2604,2688,2703,2710,2729,2797,2814,2830,2906,2991,3017,3045,3083,3129,3134,3191,3195,3248,3254,3262,3264,3295,3300,3322,3346,3361,3366,3394,3451,3455,3474,3592,3618,3630,3680,3698,3753,3755,3815,3896,3926,3933,3941,3954,3968,4060,4065,4102,4133,4190,4213,4227,4231,4239,4257,4311,4333,4348,4403,4432,4472,4486,4488,4504,4589,4599,4696,4762,4771,4776,4823,4838,4864,4997,5011,5035,5056,5122,5131,5167,5192,5207,5214,5235,5281,5311,5329,5364,5371,5406,5420,5483,5523,5548,5633,5641,5665,5686,5692,5749,5760,5774,5796,5828,5831,5875,5896,5909,5919,5922,5927,5932,5943,5954,6005,6026,6032,6082,6103,6130,6240,6254,6364,6384,6396,6438,6470,6527,6533,6555,6561,6628,6703,6722,6725,6776,6783,6790,6815,6872,6906,6943,7003,7028,7042,7111,7141,7159,7255,7279,7299,7310,7384,7423,7436,7448,7456,7473,7480,7485,7494,7508,7513,7568,7607,7628,7638,7659,7667,7715,7750,7770,7775,7816,7835,7858,7879,7892,7896,7955,7977,7998,8082,8111,8135,8149,8161,8191,8339,8391,8467,8486,8559,8562,8668,8677,8700,8722,8726,8738,8762,8812,8842,8905,8910,8922,8952,8994,9017,9034,9101,9126,9181,9186,9306,9310,9340,9369],"the":[18,23,53,64,103,162,182,237,284,293,320,342,349,358,369,399,404,415,424,437,439,443,455,462,471,478,484,515,538,563,602,620,631,651,661,667,695,713,750,761,777,780,798,806,819,840,852,864,866,876,880,895,922,925,930,1009,1021,1027,1044,1073,1081,1092,1103,1151,1165,1169,1194,1201,1235,1245,1248,1255,1270,1318,1321,1339,1355,1375,1380,1406,1420,1439,1465,1476,1499,1507,1517,1531,1541,1557,1602,1683,1687,1697,1712,1760,1783,1787,1800,1826,1842,1870,1876,1884,1893,1909,1927,1950,1973,1981,1985,2035,2038,2045,2056,2076,2083,2111,2122,2135,2151,2161,2170,2197,2201,2227,2251,2275,2280,2291,2306,2321,2329,2374,2382,2391,2407,2420,2432,2438,2475,2542,2550,2559,2571,2588,2618,2623,2639,2652,2666,2681,2690,2712,2717,2721,2740,2748,2754,2765,2779,2786,2789,2801,2806,2816,2826,2842,2845,2855,2871,2874,2883,2896,2899,2913,2917,2924,2928,2941,2950,2981,2995,3010,3031,3036,3047,3061,3118,3123,3131,3146,3164,3171,3185,3205,3214,3266,3284,3297,3307,3312,3325,3368,3385,3395,3403,3424,3427,3463,3482,3503,3526,3541,3554,3582,3588,3594,3608,3621,3633,3641,3711,3729,3757,3770,3799,3832,3858,3866,3897,3930,3948,3955,4018,4036,4050,4079,4100,4165,4173,4179,4183,4211,4229,4244,4293,4308,4337,4350,4353,4356,4366,4378,4387,4405,4410,4440,4489,4511,4522,4535,4582,4601,4618,4627,4640,4654,4670,4674,4684,4694,4708,4747,4767,4779,4782,4800,4805,4820,4824,4826,4835,4840,4847,4850,4861,4893,4901,4909,4917,4936,4966,4983,5031,5038,5045,5048,5059,5080,5095,5100,5106,5123,5175,5182,5188,5199,5227,5230,5264,5282,5302,5308,5343,5346,5355,5376,5384,5388,5396,5418,5422,5430,5433,5446,5450,5463,5484,5506,5512,5518,5540,5559,5579,5585,5593,5616,5649,5652,5663,5666,5672,5688,5703,5707,5710,5715,5721,5725,5738,5745,5751,5762,5769,5776,5779,5790,5797,5812,5852,5856,5873,5891,5894,5897,5900,5905,5915,5952,5992,6000,6006,6024,6040,6087,6091,6128,6141,6160,6172,6184,6225,6241,6256,6259,6268,6272,6294,6325,6331,6337,6344,6358,6366,6372,6375,6381,6385,6387,6389,6398,6403,6406,6412,6416,6426,6441,6450,6455,6458,6475,6479,6484,6489,6494,6520,6549,6552,6573,6599,6603,6610,6615,6619,6629,6637,6640,6661,6683,6693,6705,6718,6732,6744,6756,6764,6773,6777,6780,6788,6793,6796,6799,6816,6854,6861,6873,6916,6924,6959,6978,6982,7035,7044,7053,7079,7104,7128,7173,7186,7218,7231,7263,7273,7281,7285,7289,7291,7305,7315,7319,7345,7373,7382,7403,7425,7442,7458,7482,7490,7495,7499,7503,7510,7522,7538,7542,7577,7581,7599,7610,7625,7639,7644,7652,7675,7683,7705,7716,7719,7735,7738,7743,7754,7772,7787,7792,7800,7809,7813,7824,7841,7876,7898,7902,7909,7912,7929,7939,7961,7979,7986,8005,8059,8084,8112,8127,8170,8179,8193,8201,8204,8217,8229,8249,8274,8279,8287,8334,8411,8415,8428,8431,8447,8461,8482,8487,8493,8510,8520,8530,8543,8579,8583,8587,8609,8632,8637,8651,8680,8691,8697,8702,8727,8742,8745,8760,8781,8803,8807,8830,8834,8837,8859,8862,8887,8890,8893,8906,8915,8928,8931,8941,8957,8963,8968,9003,9018,9022,9050,9058,9073,9076,9081,9095,9128,9139,9144,9166,9173,9196,9211,9214,9232,9252,9272,9283,9289,9302,9322,9327,9342,9356,9391,9395],"charge":[19],"that":[20,78,116,191,212,247,907,1109,1213,1247,1329,1347,1369,1401,1432,1511,1562,1673,1686,1699,1719,1731,1744,1857,1890,1918,1932,2026,2078,2128,2155,2328,2484,2510,2609,2820,2882,2932,2967,3073,3099,3148,3168,3170,3200,3211,3217,3334,3387,3486,3528,3574,3575,3632,3689,3735,3809,3820,3910,3983,4038,4081,4140,4152,4186,4195,4215,4236,4274,4398,4419,4439,4458,4494,4509,4529,4545,4567,4592,4702,4766,4873,4900,4932,5058,5108,5256,5286,5362,5806,5963,6008,6059,6111,6120,6140,6168,6175,6235,6317,6559,6601,6617,6659,6768,6811,6857,6868,6927,6950,7052,7060,7103,7127,7328,7376,7419,7462,7541,7552,7583,7695,7737,7826,7845,7853,8095,8118,8141,8232,8245,8405,8496,8590,8650,8748,8806,8828,8853,8866,8882,9011,9141,9165,9172,9202,9240,9249],"he":[21,213,224,2849,3260,3335,3344,3912,3921,3976,4161,4237,4774,5257,5292,5316,5414,5657,5937,6060,6074,6076,6738,7009,7201,7321,7399,7417,7530,7553,7732,7780,7827,8575,8591,8611],"held":[22,84,331,908,2010,2395,3350,5109,5742,6833,7740],"parda":[24,8440],"Francisca":[25,35,94,177,222,1738,2079,3602,7844,8107,8139,8256,8272,8311,8336],"Marigorta":[26],"illegal":[28],"bondage.":[29],"After":[30,1316,3258,3309,4092,5358,5823,6786],"fleeing":[31],"from":[32,113,123,548,1239,1291,1566,2216,2232,2265,2471,2489,2541,2860,2946,2974,3069,3139,3184,3219,3226,3242,3306,3551,3568,4307,4315,4580,4804,5170,5375,6035,6667,6676,7001,7065,7156,7210,7260,7576,7598,7938,8064,8319,8927,8940,9160,9416],"his":[33,244,834,861,1279,1292,1729,1732,1746,1750,1957,1961,3140,3243,3338,3378,3453,3585,3917,3999,4041,4061,4082,4104,4148,4192,4197,4216,4224,4262,4267,4316,4415,4449,4461,4474,4497,4505,4518,4538,4571,4646,4772,4817,4843,4957,4963,5152,5160,5279,5305,5312,5318,5325,5331,5373,5409,5437,5443,5456,5694,5861,5867,6009,6019,6036,6084,6708,6715,6723,7017,7112,7131,7162,7190,7211,7325,7377,7478,7591,7614,7691,7819,7833,7836,7942,8504,8646,8663,8732,8856,8867],"household,":[34,2105,4058,7601,7821,8067],"had":[36,49,95,118,171,227,276,565,959,969,970,1120,1325,1481,1675,1739,2889,2934,3177,3281,3288,3488,3549,3718,3913,3950,3985,4006,4086,4142,4155,4177,4218,4495,4691,4878,5135,5150,5185,5233,5258,5327,5599,5629,5658,5817,5858,6204,6303,6825,6838,7015,7136,7208,7271,7294,7322,7379,7464,7698,8143,8362,8454,8498,8628,8750,8779,8869,8917,8971,9226],"found":[37,318,710,1294,1972,2259,2811,3121,3865,4139,6588,7502,7672,8262,8710,8900,9092],"temporary":[38,4317,8925],"refuge":[39,8263,8565,8926],"with":[40,520,525,719,972,977,1029,1043,1187,1191,1305,1341,1593,1660,1775,1829,1963,2091,2139,2320,2590,2636,2675,2731,2774,3030,3163,3356,3557,4264,4303,4325,4552,4573,4794,4951,4965,5252,5271,5337,5351,5705,6320,6408,6717,6883,7409,8100,8264,8286,8313,8402,8570,8636,8798],"a":[41,81,87,99,129,151,217,231,264,272,382,384,388,392,451,505,572,575,594,607,691,706,783,848,873,1013,1037,1087,1121,1204,1223,1230,1295,1387,1468,1633,1665,1915,1953,1969,1977,1993,1999,2005,2086,2283,2302,2309,2312,2345,2386,2583,2632,2669,2676,2751,2761,2775,2812,2840,2909,2978,3014,3070,3095,3103,3107,3125,3166,3271,3292,3301,3320,3353,3409,3434,3458,3492,3507,3514,3521,3544,3613,3657,3702,3737,3789,3870,3873,3881,3894,3961,4135,4250,4258,4276,4287,4291,4326,4334,4428,4632,4663,4889,4912,4920,5147,5155,5253,5288,5359,5379,5501,5609,5679,5718,5767,5841,5969,6028,6044,6053,6063,6072,6117,6121,6194,6202,6207,6213,6218,6228,6251,6264,6285,6315,6467,6524,6538,6647,6653,6686,6740,6752,6766,6931,6937,6987,6994,6997,7073,7149,7195,7205,7214,7250,7266,7361,7560,7570,7617,7636,7687,7700,7790,7830,7889,7893,7949,8034,8049,8054,8062,8065,8132,8166,8207,8233,8242,8265,8384,8403,8489,8563,8571,8615,8711,8718,8754,8764,8785,8818,8845,8851,8875,8883,8898,8908,8924,8937,9218,9312,9411],"sympathetic":[42,784,7894],"neighbor,":[43],"Bernardo":[45],"Quiroga.":[46],"The":[47,527,892,947,1099,1429,1560,1610,1791,1880,2144,2508,2685,2863,2901,3110,3236,3327,3533,4319,4368,4565,5162,5884,6047,6334,6460,7082,7244,7350,7925,8221,8552,8847,9041,9053,9114,9417],"neighbor":[48,785,7895],"then":[50,1299,2132,2727,4030,4858,5647,6151,7433,8627,8984,9184,9250],"written":[51],"defensor":[54,183,405,781,1246,1942,1970,2755,2856,3056,3124,3522,4101,4441,4613,4768,4801,4821,4863,5130,5385,5673,5708,5746,5780,5798,5906,6007,6252,6278,6382,6797,7036,7049,7105,7245,7306,7539,7755,7773,8113,8171,8205,8230,8288,8531,8584,8891,8916],"general":[55,8449],"pobres,":[57],"indios":[58],"y":[59,3904],"esclavos":[60],"(the":[61],"defender":[62],"of":[63,106,198,219,230,313,351,365,371,414,429,454,464,473,495,507,569,574,593,601,663,669,697,734,752,758,763,779,801,808,821,855,869,884,898,924,1012,1023,1047,1051,1061,1075,1129,1153,1168,1203,1254,1269,1281,1308,1320,1362,1379,1382,1390,1409,1426,1441,1456,1550,1607,1614,1624,1627,1701,1737,1762,1789,1799,1825,1841,1844,1862,1872,1896,1911,1929,1952,1998,2008,2041,2058,2085,2137,2147,2163,2172,2193,2203,2208,2235,2242,2253,2278,2282,2295,2308,2332,2348,2359,2376,2393,2416,2423,2527,2544,2553,2562,2573,2622,2634,2641,2655,2683,2714,2788,2844,2873,2886,2898,2927,2953,2985,3002,3013,3033,3086,3114,3156,3174,3270,3319,3390,3412,3426,3460,3465,3477,3506,3543,3546,3565,3584,3590,3597,3623,3652,3656,3759,3793,3834,3868,3993,4052,4129,4167,4181,4196,4269,4339,4373,4390,4414,4424,4448,4469,4517,4537,4554,4570,4578,4594,4603,4620,4631,4639,4667,4673,4686,4703,4712,4723,4746,4784,4828,4842,4874,4904,4911,4919,4928,4935,4960,4968,5040,5047,5077,5097,5201,5229,5242,5354,5378,5391,5398,5429,5432,5440,5455,5465,5468,5471,5487,5514,5542,5565,5582,5588,5618,5681,5690,5714,5720,5740,5754,5764,5771,5778,5879,5972,5978,5984,6145,6159,6223,6233,6243,6263,6271,6293,6330,6336,6343,6348,6374,6405,6415,6428,6433,6443,6457,6497,6507,6542,6576,6656,6663,6689,6695,6707,6735,6746,6755,6759,6779,6809,6820,6831,6849,6877,6918,6961,7046,7076,7090,7130,7151,7175,7178,7217,7220,7265,7275,7318,7341,7347,7352,7356,7389,7406,7413,7505,7525,7562,7590,7613,7643,7656,7704,7712,7721,7746,7789,7803,7832,7843,7911,7928,7941,7960,7981,7988,8039,8061,8086,8097,8129,8147,8209,8216,8281,8317,8358,8414,8430,8433,8442,8460,8513,8555,8600,8623,8655,8683,8744,8788,8822,8861,8889,8943,8965,9005,9020,9049,9069,9075,9085,9117,9130,9143,9175,9199,9213,9221,9231,9254,9285,9299,9304,9326,9335,9345,9419],"poor,":[65],"Indians,":[66,1874],"and":[67,109,158,180,256,260,298,354,545,553,675,731,736,755,828,846,890,905,910,927,940,964,1054,1083,1090,1113,1131,1140,1155,1284,1298,1314,1338,1357,1377,1395,1422,1450,1462,1478,1495,1547,1570,1605,1612,1620,1630,1654,1685,1693,1715,1734,1748,1767,1921,1931,2029,2033,2044,2113,2116,2142,2150,2153,2174,2213,2219,2237,2244,2325,2340,2351,2361,2428,2445,2457,2469,2533,2547,2599,2645,2659,2692,2724,2746,2853,2878,2963,2970,2999,3038,3052,3067,3077,3159,3182,3221,3229,3268,3340,3376,3415,3430,3448,3599,3603,3645,3676,3747,3784,3804,3827,3838,3875,3964,3971,3998,4010,4024,4029,4063,4084,4120,4144,4194,4199,4247,4266,4329,4362,4407,4412,4483,4492,4514,4606,4656,4701,4727,4751,4792,4831,4872,4916,4922,4943,4962,5008,5014,5043,5067,5092,5204,5245,5248,5275,5336,5408,5436,5452,5493,5516,5561,5569,5614,5636,5661,5683,5724,5783,5793,5882,5930,5947,5974,5986,5996,6015,6099,6143,6150,6156,6181,6189,6230,6261,6267,6298,6328,6431,6483,6512,6595,6605,6612,6673,6699,6728,6806,6818,6851,6875,6913,6954,7007,7026,7059,7114,7240,7248,7330,7440,7470,7501,7517,7535,7572,7631,7654,7762,7784,7807,7869,7901,7915,7922,8022,8026,8078,8089,8153,8183,8261,8302,8305,8309,8331,8360,8379,8396,8503,8516,8547,8566,8597,8626,8686,8694,8775,8783,8796,8814,8858,8892,8920,8959,8983,8999,9008,9031,9044,9066,9083,9091,9111,9119,9147,9158,9183,9207,9223,9246,9257,9270,9291,9321,9351,9354,9358,9366,9385],"slaves),":[68],"Pedro":[70,837],"Gonzalez":[71,838],"Cortina,":[72,839],"lay":[74],"out":[75,4778,5037,6912,8976],"Francisca\u2019s":[76,296,490,722,772,802,856,3466,3501,8297],"claim":[77,2841],"she":[79,117,165,226,270,275,1324,1327,3742,3768,5824,8142,8159,8388,8464,8507,8709,8769],"was":[80,110,178,271,774,1000,1158,1250,1753,2080,2096,2297,2580,2587,2629,2961,3106,3145,3336,3421,3472,3497,3518,3616,3667,3691,3743,3801,3840,3922,4015,4068,4076,4163,4598,4616,4681,4769,4857,4954,5190,5269,5320,5403,5411,5415,5529,5555,5699,5747,5925,6062,6147,6227,6625,6644,6897,6991,7056,7062,7117,7202,7492,7554,7565,7580,7587,7635,7664,7679,7734,7757,7794,7931,8337,8389,8465,8484,8772,8832,8960,9301,9406],"free":[82,100,112,130,874,2214,2257,2486,2605,2656,2823,2954,2958,3015,3023,3104,3112,3223,3580,3614,3681,3783,5148,5246,5289,5571,6397,6726,8167,8266,8876,9096],"woman":[83],"illegally":[85,5556,6834],"as":[86,128,150,263,332,468,470,489,705,721,826,932,934,992,1008,1020,1183,1467,1765,1797,2454,2568,2570,2586,2937,3420,3701,3710,3736,4127,4386,4807,4812,4978,5129,5226,5287,5535,5608,5639,5730,5890,6523,6537,6646,6650,6697,6700,6710,6803,6835,6936,6986,7012,7078,7088,7204,7238,7283,7529,7602,7604,7616,7686,7782,7805,8045,8165,8290,8473,8753,8844,9064,9067,9151,9178,9388,9390],"slave.":[88,6989,7081],"According":[89,3932,7714],"this":[91,1257,1410,1573,1944,2461,3193,3446,3512,3624,3766,4153,4208,4343,4422,4549,4604,4756,4790,4797,5528,5758,6050,6341,6517,6535,6736,7098,7147,7414,7438,7847,8046,8254,8739,9089,9131],"unofficial":[92],"advocate,":[93,8741],"been":[96,228,250,567,703,1740,1889,2890,3092,3719,3914,3951,4087,4157,4692,4879,5186,5630,5860,6108,6304,6826,7183],"born":[97,2837,2957,3763,5631],"mother":[101,5203,5306,5444,5492,5654,8307],"interior":[104],"city":[105,3355],"San":[107,126,815],"Juan":[108,127,5838,7358,7548,7725,7766,7882,8523],"therefore":[111,241,5637,5869],"birth.Francisca":[114],"claimed":[115,1273,2702,2829,5624,5805,5855,6935,7106,7398,7418,7551],"come":[119],"Aires":[122,842,1119,2017,2430,2453,2473,2500,2503,2758,2773,3059,3176,3250,3405,3675,5830,5968,7069,7222],"her":[124,144,173,186,199,287,306,813,1240,1276,1301,1661,1677,2089,2103,2129,2715,3725,3740,3760,4698,4704,4730,4870,4875,4882,5494,5601,5612,5619,5821,5836,6299,6313,7446,8122,8130,8137,8163,8198,8258,8303,8314,8320,8325,8344,8351,8356,8364,8370,8381,8393,8456,8471,8474,8501,8517,8527,8537,8540,8549,8568,8577,8603,8619,8629,8656,8659,8670,8676,8724,8758,8813,8912,8944,8992,9000],"native":[125,814,3244],"servant":[131],"Pe\u00f1a\u2019s":[136,792,1312],"household.":[137,8954],"Once":[138,2230,3947,4352,4758,4980,5028,5668,8001,8481],"relocated":[139],"however,":[143,1400,3562,4849,6247,6339,7303,8190,8933,9057],"employer":[145],"began":[146,5206],"\u201ctreat":[148],"[her]":[149,154,160,8479],"slave,":[152,7791],"subjecting":[153],"harsh":[156,1067],"punishments":[157,5274],"confining":[159],"house.\u201d":[163],"When":[164,919,984,2706,2764,3750,5849,6445,7393,8169,8271,9261],"protested,":[166],"put":[172,2649,2672,2728,3160,4998,5537,7531],"chains.":[175,8551],"Because":[176,7412],"\u201cpoor":[179],"miserable,\u201d":[181],"took":[184,1599,1991,6283,6957,8526],"up":[185,619,1992,6217,7138],"case.":[187,2763,7287,8528],"He":[188,1752,4138,5382,5646,6473,7497,7620,7693,8665],"immediately":[189,2869,3977,4116],"requested":[190],"produce":[196,2597,3475],"proof":[197,5353],"condition":[200,2187],"or":[201,348,418,442,466,571,578,598,614,646,913,1189,1216,1867,1875,2067,2301,2501,2836,2959,3359,3706,3850,4108,4442,4452,4466,4584,4811,4989,5005,5473,6113,6119,6174,6198,6211,7344,7559,7984,7993,8949,9106,9288],"stop":[202,6791],"harassing":[203],"her.":[204,796,1288],"response,":[206,7547],"admitted":[211],"could":[214,530,679,1564,1934,2268,2369,2613,2803,2987,3004,3201,3231,3444,3659,4072,4280,4906,4940,5938,6106,6191,6866,6939,7071,7335,8056,8592,8885,9318,9330],"not":[215,636,1005,1174,1358,1367,1435,1754,1855,2336,3178,3636,3668,4016,4156,4219,4281,5404,5871,6165,6436,7118,7401,7555,7622,7974,8030,8238,8593,8833,8990,9014,9027,9047,9264],"provide":[216,518,4103,7072,8923],"bill":[218],"sale":[220,2787,2802,7891,8951],"for":[221,254,533,833,1161,1181,1193,1260,1475,1664,1711,1726,1846,1949,2065,2099,2102,2110,2114,2118,2270,2323,2498,2504,2506,2557,3256,3291,3324,3670,3695,3704,3722,3739,3943,4043,4476,4563,4626,4707,4869,4892,4946,5016,5054,5137,5209,5260,5345,5611,5786,5888,5956,5994,6052,6196,6206,6411,6761,6900,7086,7171,7778,8105,8197,8343,8375,8451,8800,8872,9109,9394,9400],"because,":[223],"claimed,":[225],"part":[229,573],"contested":[232,2298],"inheritance":[233,2304],"still":[234,3144,3923],"unresolved":[235],"by":[236,412,477,606,650,672,749,782,1026,1086,1229,1386,1522,1742,2178,2299,2338,2344,2390,2431,2477,2643,2893,3117,3481,3520,3540,3724,3807,3842,3861,3929,4078,4089,4122,4860,4985,5489,5567,5702,5851,5951,5991,6043,6057,6090,6127,6154,6306,6357,6401,6477,6488,6652,6893,6910,6921,7006,7444,7557,7690,7759,7799,7862,7934,7948,8018,8241,8253,8276,8542,8690,9410],"courts.":[238,8894],"His":[239,3888,4074,6748],"claims":[240,746,820,926,1455,2603,2852,5581,5739,6414,6442,7092,7140,7188,7685,7980,8015],"rested":[242,7650],"self-interested":[245],"assertion":[246],"\u201cFrancisca":[248],"has":[249,1259],"my":[252,261,1691,3774,3938,5399],"power":[253,3835,6456,9174],"years\u201d":[255],"\u201chas":[257],"served":[258,2936,5225,5259,9150,9177],"me":[259,5393,8400],"family":[262,352,3851,3996,4484],"slave\u201d":[265,3493],"without":[266,1679,3213,4094,4283,5426,5531,8706],"protest.":[267],"That":[268],"is,":[269],"slave":[273,383,508,608,714,948,1615,2000,2030,2284,2310,2433,3019,3172,3339,3406,3671,3696,3726,3746,3839,3889,4166,4400,4672,4914,5553,5602,6001,6085,6100,6118,6169,6203,6226,6273,6543,6642,6781,6932,7355,7388,7447,7814,8063,8416,8441,8868,8884,8899,9133,9200],"because":[274,364,1253,1861,4172,4241,5324,7304,7405,8459],"acted":[277,7434,9185],"like":[278,767,3441,3491,3601,6096,6671],"one.":[279,1225],"Almost":[280],"one":[281,413,2192,4593,4638,6563,6638,7064],"year":[282],"day":[285],"after":[286,2412,3765,4381,5500,5592,5914],"initial":[288,1264],"appeal":[289,1962],"colonial":[291,315,499,1117,2015,2181,2611,3040,3063,3413,3883,4937,5507,5966,6161,6580,7332,7962,8420,9038,9077],"authorities,":[292,4265],"court":[294,316,587,673,677,865,1104,1319,1644,3754,4444,4470,4825,5912,5945,6557,6894,7144,7269,7810],"recognized":[295,4789,7010,9164],"freedom":[297,347,350,1930,1979,2066,2261,2296,2516,3234,3596,3646,3700,4149,4193,4700,4871,5098,5410,5488,5935,5958,9108],"ordered":[299,4185],"leave":[305],"peace.1This":[308],"article":[309],"analyzes":[310],"three":[311,492,2108,2864,5626,6288,8377,8789],"types":[312],"late":[314,498,1116,2014,2180,2624,3062,5965,6579,8419,9037],"cases":[317,430,481,612,1107,1703,2149,2355,2662,5551,5733,6138,6886,6919,6930,7340,9194,9239],"Archivo":[321],"General":[322],"Naci\u00f3n":[325],"Argentina:":[329],"individuals":[330,2888,6814,6871,9065],"slaves":[333,339,355,519,542,655,708,911,941,986,1064,1112,1509,1563,1581,1847,2028,2060,2164,2212,2247,2417,2512,2554,2986,3066,3682,3778,3794,3808,4947,5042,5069,5083,5244,5583,5640,5791,5857,5916,5975,6176,6295,6369,6400,6452,6953,7854,7914,7970,8002,8091,9012,9062,9157,9216,9242,9305,9350],"who":[334,340,356,786,817,999,1272,2221,2267,2701,3043,3280,3523,3548,4298,4622,5497,6066,6631,7014,7070,7207,7293,7953,7968,7990,8041,8211,8720,9087,9149,9155],"disputed":[335,2303,4755,6340],"their":[336,346,372,513,641,717,945,952,966,973,990,1177,1214,1485,1523,1527,1568,1608,1657,1763,1905,2002,2063,2140,2260,2271,2401,2515,2577,2971,3034,3081,3087,3227,3233,3684,3708,3813,3862,4949,4986,4990,5041,5075,5089,5533,5815,5833,5880,5934,5940,5957,6307,6377,6514,6547,6903,6908,6944,7139,7301,7709,7860,8012,8014,8074,8087,9099,9112,9161,9208,9244,9308,9316,9352,9401],"legal":[337,528,621,638,888,1532,1585,1717,1780,2186,2272,2367,2578,2653,2951,3011,3048,3416,3664,4095,4539,4995,5580,5712,5735,6409,7348,8006,8051,8707,9233,9238,9347],"status,":[338],"demanded":[341,357,1328,6023,7540,8124,8196],"right":[343,359,1951,4695,5874,6025,7383],"purchase":[345,1956,4191,4697,5933,7673,8136,8821],"members,":[353,2833],"seek":[361,1473,6027],"new":[362,2313,2538,2574,2584,4862,6029,6461,8564,8712,8740],"masters":[363,465,766,909,939,953,1028,1114,1394,1591,1619,1636,2535,3814,4988,5973,6955,7861,7873,7983,8008,9176,9206,9245,9309,9353],"abuses":[366],"suffered":[367],"at":[368,1001,1412,2373,3027,3581,4201,4534,6086,6969],"hands":[370,662,5397],"present":[373,1126,8911],"owners.2":[374],"This":[375,5696,7669,7752,8605,9404],"last":[376],"process,":[377,8255],"papel":[378,1666,6054],"venta,":[380,1668],"gave":[381,618,4502],"set":[385,2277,6042,6089],"term,":[386],"usually":[387,410,1794],"month,":[389,7267],"find":[391,1641,3232,3449,4134,8880],"more":[393,1159,1352,2449,2462,3693,4069,4868,5296,5322,5480,5546,6503,7730],"congenial":[394],"owner":[395,559,682,700,2285,2843,4915,5194,6266,7055,7396,7454,7507,7697,7887,8222,8502,8535,8831],"willing":[396,3128,6031],"pay":[398,1351,2925,4865,5421,5910,5955,6556,7311,8340],"assessed":[400,4203],"price.":[401,4205],"Most":[402,480],"commonly":[403],"\u2014":[406,422,1049,2839,3510,3517,3960,3975,4744,4754,7965,7972,8849,8864,9063,9071,9153,9163],"an":[407,420,549,558,664,681,698,993,1220,1490,1805,2696,3315,3845,4202,4304,5000,5139,5490,6354,6429,6701,7369,7661,7665,7945,8156,8794,9179],"advocacy":[408,2177,6496],"position":[409,7642],"filled":[411,1042,1300,8797],"cabildo\u2019s":[416],"regidores,":[417],"occasionally":[419],"alcalde":[421,4125,4184,4230,5124,6360],"represented":[423],"plaintiff.3":[425],"A":[426,1077],"small":[427,692,2006,3293,3791,6680,6965,8366],"number":[428,5971,6688],"were":[431,643,656,747,1135,1146,1206,1344,1434,1503,1649,1704,1793,1809,1815,1819,1839,1859,1892,1924,2018,2131,2318,2334,2363,2418,2435,2466,2822,2866,2904,2920,3152,3537,3579,3635,3648,3795,3823,4272,5062,5166,5545,5575,5917,5988,6435,6584,6587,6632,6891,6967,7107,7164,7727,7855,8009,8662,8747,9046,9263,9268],"brought":[432,775,1534,3388,6920],"directly":[433,2098],"higher":[435],"authorities:":[436],"audiencia,":[438],"captain":[440,2686,2718,2872,3313,4295,8728],"general,":[441,8729],"viceroy":[444],"(after":[445],"1776).":[446],"All":[447,5527],"these":[448,626,885,985,1039,1106,1363,1427,1433,1512,1553,1583,1702,1770,1830,1834,1891,2148,2525,2851,2887,2947,3821,5086,5981,6137,6885,8188,8556,9136,9188,9193,9336,9346],"files":[449],"contain":[450],"full":[452,649,5183,5423,5911],"statement":[453,8852],"complaint,":[456],"often":[457,540,566,709,1065,1514,1708,2061,2286,2513,3811,3864,6148,6956,8019],"amplified":[458],"response":[460],"counterclaims":[463,928],"others,":[467],"well":[469,933,2569,3805,7603,9389],"record":[472,2171,9116],"all":[474,570,2858,2935,4553,7718],"actions":[475,1025,1215,1497,1646,5777,6123],"initiated":[476,3824,5445],"defensor.":[479,652,2817,7496],"also":[482,787,1587,1820,2126,2343,2482,2921,3188,3209,3498,3627,3649,3660,5019,6571,7811,7932,8666,9227],"note":[483],"court\u2019s":[485],"final":[486,4732],"resolution.4Cases":[487],"such":[488,1594,2021,3028,6323],"reveal":[491,5099,6926,9028],"central":[493,7511],"characteristics":[494,1011],"slavery":[496,871,1383,1442,1933,2333,2377,2403,3051,3101,3644,3928,5466,6577,6624,6696,6762,6802,6867,9035],"Aires.":[501,6582,8422,9040],"First,":[502,2949,3402],"even":[503,556,690,1132,1207,1548,1971,2117,2365,2440,2459,3212,3692,5249,5321,6679,7966,9021],"though":[504,5223],"majority":[506],"plaintiffs":[509,949],"failed":[510,7254,7298,9274],"win":[512,9107],"cases,":[514,2022,3433],"courts":[516,539,1466,3186,3634,4984],"did":[517,635,1004,5870,6164,7973,8029,8989,9013],"significant":[521,586,3143,4561],"leverage":[522,8094],"disputes":[524,1392,1778,2184,4950],"owners.":[526,9260],"process":[529,1718,1785,3167,3386,6536,6767],"drag":[531,4312,4777],"years,":[534,8804],"during":[535,2001,2940,3060,3916,4049,4729,7324],"which":[536,938,1342,1471,2106,3572,3612,5706,6187,8299,9061,9362],"time":[537,3583,5303],"permitted":[541,4189,6437,7812,9168],"live":[544,3619,7817],"work":[546,2907,9405],"away":[547,2540],"owner\u2019s":[550,1491,2293,3846,7483,7662,7684,8352,8580],"direct":[551,8076],"supervision":[552,671],"control.":[554,2862],"Therefore,":[555],"when":[557,654,1947,2263,2290,2627,2870,2923,3479,3779,3831,5024,6996,7123,7200,8981,9121,9266,9271],"prevailed":[560],"court,":[562,1508,6800,9311],"victor":[564],"deprived":[568],"slave\u2019s":[576,1662,1688,1978,6214,8180,8218,8234],"labor":[577,2479,2983,5173,5441,8088,9162],"income":[579,604],"while":[580,2549,2825,2912,3494,5807,6380,8672],"simultaneously":[581],"being":[582,3310,3924,4284,7157],"forced":[583,657,2305,2551,2905,3617,3925,4064,4859,5844,5926,6081,7295,7308,8338,8390,8466,8784,8950],"bear":[585,1823],"costs":[588,642,678,1827,5073,5913,6558,7270],"(often":[589],"exceeding":[590],"25":[591],"percent":[592,600],"bozal\u2019s":[595],"market":[596,8219],"value":[597,2984,7317],"40":[599],"annual":[603,1806],"earned":[605,5295],"journeyman).5":[609],"some":[611,956,1863,1988,2246,2256,3303,6889,6929,7466,9142],"owners":[613,616,1707,2031,3672,3697,5033,6146,6170,6237,6890,7278],"purported":[615,2796,3467,7054,7132,7277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
