{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005747652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","title":"Some issues related to the use of justifications to multiple-choice answers","display_name":"Some issues related to the use of justifications to multiple-choice answers","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005747652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","mag":"2005747652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185954893","display_name":"Journal of Biological Education","issn_l":"0021-9266","issn":["0021-9266","2157-6009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biological Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112245816","display_name":"Pinchas Tamir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pinchas Tamir","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education Israel Science Teaching Centre, Hebrew University Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education Israel Science Teaching Centre, Hebrew University Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112245816"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.3102,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97517385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"285","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10959","display_name":"Student Assessment and Feedback","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12884","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Pedagogy","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-misconceptions","display_name":"student misconceptions","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-assessment","display_name":"diagnostic assessment","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distractors","display_name":"distractors","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-school-biology-students","display_name":"high school biology students","score":0.8320000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161051502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193162","display_name":"Matriculation","level":2,"score":0.7243920564651489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176730311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867668","display_name":"Multiple choice","level":3,"score":0.689511239528656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777026412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2684591","display_name":"Statement (logic)","level":2,"score":0.6005079746246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.518580436706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5148793458938599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.4250425398349762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2626851797103882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18592137098312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17013224959373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.09768643975257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1989.9655083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185954893","display_name":"Journal of Biological Education","issn_l":"0021-9266","issn":["0021-9266","2157-6009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biological Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963700706","https://openalex.org/W1964098420","https://openalex.org/W1969167987","https://openalex.org/W2001086182","https://openalex.org/W2019312664","https://openalex.org/W2021655755","https://openalex.org/W2033547108","https://openalex.org/W2072717086","https://openalex.org/W2090730513","https://openalex.org/W3098437779","https://openalex.org/W4231072797"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981969455","https://openalex.org/W7172262155","https://openalex.org/W2002515044","https://openalex.org/W2133334998","https://openalex.org/W4401312972","https://openalex.org/W2081218565","https://openalex.org/W2095180633","https://openalex.org/W2044002834","https://openalex.org/W2941057185","https://openalex.org/W1988149068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years":[2,48],"there":[3],"has":[4,43],"been":[5,44],"a":[6,60,205,236],"growing":[7],"interest":[8],"in":[9,17,49,54,110,114,147,151,155,175,188,197],"misconceptions":[10],"which":[11,21,198],"are":[12,126],"prevalent":[13],"among":[14],"students":[15,87,143,167,187],"and":[16,19,56,138,204,223,239],"ways":[18],"means":[20],"can":[22,91],"be":[23,59],"used":[24],"to":[25,38,58,85,102,185,250],"identify":[26],"these":[27],"misconceptions.":[28],"The":[29,133,157,179,228],"present":[30],"study":[31,229],"focuses":[32],"on":[33,93],"the":[34,50,75,79,86,94,100,105,111,117,124,148,172,176,186,199,208,212,217,231,251],"use":[35],"of":[36,160,207,233,245,253],"justifications":[37,76,95,215,234],"multiple-choice":[39],"items.":[40,255],"This":[41],"approach":[42],"employed":[45],"for":[46,104,216],"several":[47],"biology":[51,146,170],"matriculation":[52,173],"tests":[53],"Israel":[55],"found":[57],"very":[61],"effective":[62],"diagnostic":[63,237],"tool.":[64],"Two":[65,129],"specific":[66],"questions":[67],"were":[68,131,183,221,226],"studied:":[69],"1.":[70],"To":[71],"what":[72],"extent":[73],"will":[74],"differ":[77],"if":[78],"correct":[80,118,200,209],"answer":[81,119,201,210],"is":[82,120,202],"made":[83,121],"known":[84,122],"so":[88],"that":[89],"they":[90],"concentrate":[92],"without":[96,211],"being":[97],"bothered":[98],"by":[99],"need":[101],"search":[103],"best":[106],"answer.":[107],"2.":[108],"Since":[109],"case":[112],"described":[113],"1":[115],"above":[116],"perhaps":[123],"distractors":[125],"altogether":[127],"unnecessary?":[128],"samples":[130],"studied.":[132],"first":[134],"comprised":[135],"114":[136],"10th":[137],"11th":[139],"grade":[140,164],"(15/16-year":[141],"old)":[142,166],"who":[144,168],"studied":[145,169],"year":[149],"1987":[150],"seven":[152],"high":[153],"schools":[154],"California.":[156],"second":[158],"consisted":[159],"350":[161],"Israeli":[162],"12th":[163],"(17-year":[165],"toward":[171],"examination":[174],"same":[177,180],"year.":[178],"20":[181],"items":[182],"presented":[184],"three":[189,218],"formats,":[190],"namely:":[191],"regular":[192],"multiple":[193,195],"choice,":[194],"choice":[196],"marked,":[203],"statement":[206],"distractors.":[213],"Students'":[214],"item":[219],"formats":[220],"compared":[222],"significant":[224],"differences":[225],"found.":[227],"confirmed":[230],"usefulness":[232],"as":[235],"tool":[238],"offered":[240],"recommendations":[241],"regarding":[242],"future":[243],"uses":[244],"justifications,":[246],"including":[247],"their":[248],"contribution":[249],"construction":[252],"two-tier":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}