{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005708534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","title":"A study of auto-and cross-ambiguity surface performance for discretely coded waveforms","display_name":"A study of auto-and cross-ambiguity surface performance for discretely coded waveforms","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005708534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","mag":"2005708534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199502","display_name":"IEE Proceedings F Radar and Signal Processing","issn_l":"0956-375X","issn":["0956-375X","2053-9045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEE Proceedings F Radar and Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007800173","display_name":"Liam O\u2019Carroll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0596-0930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0596-0930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. O'carroll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","Edinburgh Univ., UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Univ., UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D.H. Davies","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.H. Davies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","Edinburgh Univ., UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Univ., UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075199425","display_name":"Chris J. Smyth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-2932","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-2932"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.J. Smyth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","Edinburgh Univ., UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Univ., UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111866338","display_name":"J.H. Dripps","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.H. Dripps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","Edinburgh Univ., UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Univ., UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110037296","display_name":"P.M. Grant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-1677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-1677"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.M. Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","Edinburgh Univ., UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Univ., UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25366966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"137","issue":"5","first_page":"362","last_page":"362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"spread spectrum","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bpsk","display_name":"BPSK","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"binary frequency shift keying","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-shift","display_name":"Doppler shift","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aperiodic-sequences","display_name":"aperiodic sequences","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-bandwidth-product","display_name":"time-bandwidth product","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-waveform-design","display_name":"radar waveform design","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crosstalk","display_name":"crosstalk","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104247578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779368","display_name":"Aperiodic graph","level":2,"score":0.7664188146591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6857975721359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5885660648345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4991629123687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.4820164442062378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.47606390714645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.47293758392333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169822122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230187","display_name":"Crosstalk","level":2,"score":0.4544128179550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.450458288192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.44762134552001953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.435346782207489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4046960771083832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39165133237838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2629278004169464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1892400085926056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1837897002696991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.17879843711853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1990.0054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199502","display_name":"IEE Proceedings F Radar and Signal Processing","issn_l":"0956-375X","issn":["0956-375X","2053-9045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEE Proceedings F Radar and Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35169362","https://openalex.org/W637101581","https://openalex.org/W1569879151","https://openalex.org/W1588837646","https://openalex.org/W1606480398","https://openalex.org/W1975948716","https://openalex.org/W1988058443","https://openalex.org/W2028023165","https://openalex.org/W2032012451","https://openalex.org/W2060909500","https://openalex.org/W2086500630","https://openalex.org/W2130466415","https://openalex.org/W2143010389","https://openalex.org/W2148575324","https://openalex.org/W2158902874","https://openalex.org/W2168784185","https://openalex.org/W2336101581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1889319493","https://openalex.org/W2120097856","https://openalex.org/W2143122400","https://openalex.org/W3213749753","https://openalex.org/W209545244","https://openalex.org/W2790544245","https://openalex.org/W2120677537","https://openalex.org/W1582799868","https://openalex.org/W7095659302","https://openalex.org/W4401878825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spread-spectrum":[0],"techniques":[1],"are":[2,64],"used":[3],"in":[4,52],"radar":[5],"and":[6,31,44,48],"communications":[7],"for":[8,41],"simultaneous":[9],"access":[10],"to":[11,36,66],"a":[12,68],"common":[13],"radio":[14],"allocation":[15],"with":[16,73],"the":[17,26,38,53],"minimum":[18],"of":[19,28,55,70],"interference":[20],"or":[21],"crosstalk.":[22],"The":[23],"paper":[24],"reviews":[25],"concept":[27],"binary":[29],"phase":[30],"frequency":[32],"shift":[33],"keyed":[34],"sequences":[35,63],"derive":[37],"coded":[39,71],"wave-forms":[40],"these":[42],"systems":[43],"examines":[45],"their":[46],"auto-":[47],"cross-ambiguity":[49],"surface":[50],"performance":[51],"presence":[54],"Doppler":[56],"shifted":[57],"received":[58],"signals.":[59],"In":[60],"particular,":[61],"aperiodic":[62],"investigated":[65],"obtain":[67],"set":[69],"waveforms":[72],"time-bandwidth":[74],"products":[75],"below":[76],"127.":[77]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}