{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005674522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","title":"Cognitive Load Theory: A Broader View on the Role of Memory in Learning and Education","display_name":"Cognitive Load Theory: A Broader View on the Role of Memory in Learning and Education","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005674522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","mag":"2005674522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187318745","display_name":"Educational Psychology Review","issn_l":"1040-726X","issn":["1040-726X","1573-336X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Psychology Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028053852","display_name":"FRED G. W. C. PAAS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-5305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-5305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","display_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/057w15z03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}],"countries":["AU","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fred Paas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia","Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","Erasmus University Rotterdam","University of Wollongong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000, DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wollongong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064816331","display_name":"Paul Ayres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-2548","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-2548"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Ayres","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Education, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028053852"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540","https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"apc_list":{"value":4790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.7397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":182,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97714286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"2","first_page":"191","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-load-theory","display_name":"cognitive load theory","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-memory","display_name":"long-term memory","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"domain knowledge","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-general-skills","display_name":"domain-general skills","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instructional-design","display_name":"instructional design","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learner-characteristics","display_name":"learner characteristics","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-learning-environment","display_name":"physical learning environment","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-pain","display_name":"chronic pain","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-and-memory","display_name":"learning and memory","score":0.4650000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134895398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59157","display_name":"Educational psychology","level":2,"score":0.7630035877227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6770274639129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6302660703659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.6154124736785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61641136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107019","display_name":"Cognitive load","level":3,"score":0.6072649955749512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.6024314165115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.56810063123703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92393732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790374","display_name":"Learning theory","level":2,"score":0.4408789873123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.1992284059524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.1860787272453308}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187318745","display_name":"Educational Psychology Review","issn_l":"1040-726X","issn":["1040-726X","1573-336X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Psychology Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.eur.nl:openaire_cris_publications/02d1e525-cd44-407c-a3c0-a9884e54d8bf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/02d1e525-cd44-407c-a3c0-a9884e54d8bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Paas, F & Ayres, P 2014, 'Cognitive load theory: A broader view on the role of memory in learning and education', Educational Psychology Review, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 191-195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-014-9263-5","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:sspapers-2421","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/sspapers/1422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:pure.eur.nl:publications/02d1e525-cd44-407c-a3c0-a9884e54d8bf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/02d1e525-cd44-407c-a3c0-a9884e54d8bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Educational Psychology Review, 26(2), 191 - 195. Springer New York","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4156000018119812}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7699999809265137}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154713","https://openalex.org/W655464054","https://openalex.org/W1535782774","https://openalex.org/W1549492071","https://openalex.org/W1551683416","https://openalex.org/W1570674674","https://openalex.org/W1602862533","https://openalex.org/W1841076126","https://openalex.org/W1975386777","https://openalex.org/W1975732501","https://openalex.org/W1983412113","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W1993456152","https://openalex.org/W2001468118","https://openalex.org/W2002032986","https://openalex.org/W2004150192","https://openalex.org/W2006926379","https://openalex.org/W2013068849","https://openalex.org/W2016213829","https://openalex.org/W2038403654","https://openalex.org/W2040084725","https://openalex.org/W2043822938","https://openalex.org/W2046036800","https://openalex.org/W2046966022","https://openalex.org/W2050544086","https://openalex.org/W2055556052","https://openalex.org/W2063026846","https://openalex.org/W2069918525","https://openalex.org/W2070935939","https://openalex.org/W2077546866","https://openalex.org/W2084653151","https://openalex.org/W2087894756","https://openalex.org/W2088974767","https://openalex.org/W2096036274","https://openalex.org/W2098051169","https://openalex.org/W2110806965","https://openalex.org/W2118377505","https://openalex.org/W2121561709","https://openalex.org/W2130736456","https://openalex.org/W2141019025","https://openalex.org/W2149642123","https://openalex.org/W2165670497","https://openalex.org/W2166667242","https://openalex.org/W2315371606","https://openalex.org/W2499053331","https://openalex.org/W2579555219","https://openalex.org/W2974947808","https://openalex.org/W3130467880","https://openalex.org/W4240553276","https://openalex.org/W6981753774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2206805401","https://openalex.org/W4413065324","https://openalex.org/W2911798684","https://openalex.org/W2504180891","https://openalex.org/W2902116371","https://openalex.org/W2911663851","https://openalex.org/W7100751243","https://openalex.org/W4413066426","https://openalex.org/W2913144876","https://openalex.org/W2046966022"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}