{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005671403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154900106","title":"Objectivity and the Aesthetic Design Process","display_name":"Objectivity and the Aesthetic Design Process","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005671403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154900106","mag":"2005671403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0361198196154900106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154900106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154900106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025266846","display_name":"Ernst H. Petzold","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernst H. Petzold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sverdrup Civil, Inc., 13723 Riverport Dr., Maryland Heights, Mo. 03043"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sverdrup Civil, Inc., 13723 Riverport Dr., Maryland Heights, Mo. 03043","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Brian E. Carlson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian E. Carlson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sverdrup Civil, Inc., 13723 Riverport Dr., Maryland Heights, Mo. 03043"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sverdrup Civil, Inc., 13723 Riverport Dr., Maryland Heights, Mo. 03043","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41226009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1549","issue":"1","first_page":"48","last_page":"53"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13031","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering Research","score":0.15489999949932098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13031","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering Research","score":0.15489999949932098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12188","display_name":"Architecture, Modernity, and Design","score":0.15449999272823334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13654","display_name":"Urban Planning and Landscape Design","score":0.11320000141859055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge-design","display_name":"bridge design","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-and-proportion","display_name":"scale and proportion","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"land use","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-design","display_name":"conceptual design","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-participation","display_name":"citizen participation","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2482559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206330","display_name":"Objectivity (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7563463449478149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46506860852241516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4151259958744049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3801918029785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.3485921025276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32829636335372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2037958800792694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.13525134325027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.12761566042900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0361198196154900106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154900106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154900106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.3141/1549-06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1549-06","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3141/1549-06","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1573843954","https://openalex.org/W1590762134","https://openalex.org/W1985024903","https://openalex.org/W2072139825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388815649","https://openalex.org/W1808950840","https://openalex.org/W2011175805","https://openalex.org/W577190228","https://openalex.org/W7015029687","https://openalex.org/W564589878","https://openalex.org/W2365048137","https://openalex.org/W2057804883","https://openalex.org/W2245715447","https://openalex.org/W7111799063"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69,191],"aesthetic":[1,41,67,152,188,196,207],"design":[2,24,96,102,153,189],"process":[3,61],"is":[4,49],"sometimes":[5],"limited":[6],"to":[7,22,51,57,100,120,123,137,159,180,224,230],"dealing":[8],"solely":[9],"with":[10,132,171,202],"personal":[11],"likes":[12],"and":[13,53,62,112,114,116,216],"dislikes,":[14],"creating":[15],"a":[16,55,59,73,94,125,226],"totally":[17],"subjective":[18],"situation":[19],"that":[20],"leads":[21],"significant":[23],"decisions":[25,231],"made":[26],"on":[27,38,139],"the":[28,31,88,92,121,133,140,147,172,177,185,200,203,218],"basis":[29,148],"of":[30,33,87,91,143,149,213,228],"strength":[32],"individual":[34,214],"personalities":[35],"rather":[36],"than":[37],"any":[39],"fundamental":[40],"content.":[42],"A":[43],"bridge":[44,76],"type":[45],"selection":[46],"case":[47,70],"study":[48,71],"provided":[50],"illustrate":[52],"discuss":[54],"technique":[56,219],"develop":[58],"logical":[60],"bring":[63,225],"some":[64],"objectivity":[65,229],"into":[66],"decisions.":[68],"involves":[72],"major":[74],"10-lane":[75],"815":[77],"m":[78],"(2,670":[79],"ft)":[80],"long":[81],"through":[82],"an":[83,195],"urban":[84],"park.":[85],"Because":[86],"controversial":[89],"nature":[90],"project,":[93],"citizens'":[95],"committee":[97,122,134,178],"was":[98,198],"established":[99,187],"provide":[101],"oversight.":[103],"Broad":[104],"underlying":[105],"issues":[106],"such":[107],"as":[108],"land":[109],"use,":[110],"form":[111,124],"circulation,":[113],"scale":[115],"proportion":[117],"were":[118,135,155,166,174],"presented":[119],"baseline":[126],"for":[127],"subsequent":[128],"activities.":[129],"Open":[130],"discussions":[131,170],"used":[136,223],"focus":[138],"relative":[141],"importance":[142],"each":[144,183],"issue.":[145],"On":[146],"these":[150],"discussions,":[151],"criteria":[154],"developed":[156,167],"in":[157],"order":[158],"rank":[160],"various":[161],"alternatives.":[162],"Conceptual":[163],"designs,":[164],"which":[165],"after":[168],"preliminary":[169],"committee,":[173],"ranked":[175],"by":[176],"according":[179],"how":[181],"well":[182],"satisfied":[184],"previously":[186],"criteria.":[190],"recommended":[192],"alternative,":[193],"from":[194],"standpoint,":[197],"simply":[199],"one":[201],"highest":[204],"ranking.":[205],"Although":[206],"considerations":[208],"will":[209],"always":[210],"involve":[211],"questions":[212],"taste":[215],"opinion,":[217],"described":[220],"can":[221],"be":[222],"degree":[227],"about":[232],"aesthetics.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
