{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005663192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es026275r","title":"Dissolution of Entrapped DNAPLs in Variable Aperture Fractures: Experimental Data and Empirical Model","display_name":"Dissolution of Entrapped DNAPLs in Variable Aperture Fractures: Experimental Data and Empirical Model","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005663192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es026275r","mag":"2005663192","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14524445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/es026275r","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es026275r","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es026275r","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13479253","display_name":"Environmental Science & Technology","issn_l":"0013-936X","issn":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057132830","display_name":"Sarah E. Dickson\u2010Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0647-9214","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0647-9214"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah E. Dickson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012016285","display_name":"Neil R. Thomson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-4106","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-4106"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil R. Thomson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057132830"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3876,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80787781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"18","first_page":"4128","last_page":"4137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10894","display_name":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10894","display_name":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10324","display_name":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dnapl-dissolution","display_name":"DNAPL dissolution","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-aperture-fractures","display_name":"variable aperture fractures","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractured-rock","display_name":"fractured rock","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1-1-1-trichloroethane","display_name":"1,1,1-trichloroethane","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trichloroethylene","display_name":"trichloroethylene","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dolomitic-limestone","display_name":"dolomitic limestone","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-transfer-rate","display_name":"mass transfer rate","score":0.7350000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.9243790507316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51038369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909534","display_name":"Mass transfer","level":2,"score":0.5900458097457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.45826297998428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101555633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907261","display_name":"Mass transfer coefficient","level":3,"score":0.4148560166358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3805314302444458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3487967550754547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3464232087135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33518168330192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.178500235080719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005844","descriptor_name":"Geology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005844","descriptor_name":"Geology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005844","descriptor_name":"Geology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012989","descriptor_name":"Soil Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012995","descriptor_name":"Solubility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012995","descriptor_name":"Solubility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012995","descriptor_name":"Solubility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014240","descriptor_name":"Trichloroethanes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014240","descriptor_name":"Trichloroethanes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014240","descriptor_name":"Trichloroethanes","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014241","descriptor_name":"Trichloroethylene","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014241","descriptor_name":"Trichloroethylene","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014241","descriptor_name":"Trichloroethylene","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014873","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014873","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014873","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055593","descriptor_name":"Geological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055593","descriptor_name":"Geological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055593","descriptor_name":"Geological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/es026275r","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es026275r","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es026275r","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13479253","display_name":"Environmental Science & Technology","issn_l":"0013-936X","issn":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14524445","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14524445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental science & technology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566640355","https://openalex.org/W1574508850","https://openalex.org/W1971359494","https://openalex.org/W1992772952","https://openalex.org/W2023332181","https://openalex.org/W2028526522","https://openalex.org/W2071434453","https://openalex.org/W2079562889","https://openalex.org/W2081216234","https://openalex.org/W2159118768","https://openalex.org/W2159621623","https://openalex.org/W2167865872","https://openalex.org/W2506213172","https://openalex.org/W2793129321","https://openalex.org/W3205220501","https://openalex.org/W4206134780","https://openalex.org/W4230148915","https://openalex.org/W4232552760","https://openalex.org/W4301224743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293041685","https://openalex.org/W2351669632","https://openalex.org/W2354698320","https://openalex.org/W2028266878","https://openalex.org/W2016061187","https://openalex.org/W2969734444","https://openalex.org/W2059156109","https://openalex.org/W2353419114","https://openalex.org/W3009209910","https://openalex.org/W2072057475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"appreciation":[1],"of":[2,24,58,69,71,86,102,106,141,166,171],"the":[3,22,63,67,72,103,112,118,135,167,175],"dissolution":[4,33,119,158,169],"from":[5,117,153],"entrapped":[6,172],"nonaqueous":[7],"phase":[8],"liquids":[9],"(NAPLs)":[10],"in":[11,27,41,66,123,187],"fractures":[12,48,64],"is":[13,178],"essential":[14],"as":[15],"we":[16],"attempt":[17],"to":[18,128,147],"understand":[19],"and":[20,37,54,83,95,138,156],"predict":[21],"fate":[23],"NAPLs":[25],"present":[26,108],"fractured":[28],"rock":[29],"systems.":[30],"Eight":[31],"long-term":[32],"experiments":[34,120],"using":[35],"1,1,1-trichloroethane":[36],"trichloroethylene":[38],"were":[39,60,121],"conducted":[40],"two":[42,154],"laboratory-scale":[43],"dolomitic":[44],"limestone":[45],"variable":[46,188],"aperture":[47,189],"under":[49],"various":[50],"conditions.":[51],"Between":[52],"560":[53],"2600":[55],"fracture":[56],"volumes":[57],"water":[59],"passed":[61],"through":[62],"resulting":[65],"removal":[68],"10-60%":[70],"initial":[73,89,104,113,136],"mass":[74,184],"trapped.":[75],"The":[76,143,160],"effluent":[77,150],"concentration":[78,151],"profiles":[79],"revealed":[80],"three":[81],"distinct":[82],"characteristic":[84],"stages":[85,140],"dissolution:":[87],"an":[88,164],"pseudosteady":[90,114,137],"stage,":[91,94],"a":[92,96,130,179],"transient":[93,139],"tailing":[97],"stage.":[98,115],"On":[99],"average,":[100],"8%":[101],"volume":[105],"NAPL":[107],"was":[109,145],"removed":[110],"during":[111],"Data":[116],"used":[122,146],"conjunction":[124],"with":[125],"statistical":[126],"techniques":[127],"develop":[129],"continuous":[131],"empirical":[132],"model":[133,144,177],"describing":[134],"dissolution.":[142],"successfully":[148],"replicate":[149],"data":[152],"separate":[155],"independent":[157],"experiments.":[159],"experimental":[161],"results":[162],"provide":[163],"indication":[165],"expected":[168],"behavior":[170],"NAPLs,":[173],"while":[174],"developed":[176],"useful":[180],"tool":[181],"for":[182],"characterizing":[183],"transfer":[185],"rates":[186],"fractures.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
